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Salvador Elizondo Salvador Elizondo 1932 - 2006 Novelist, poet, critic, playwright, journalist
Sid Vicious Sid Vicious 1957 - 1979 Bassist for the Sex Pistols
Tsin Ting Tsin Ting 1934 - 2022 Punjabi folk singer and dubbing artist
Janet Seidel Janet Seidel 1955 - 2017 Jazz vocalist and pianist
Sha Fei Sha Fei 1912 - 1950 Photojournalist and war photographer
Menahem Saleh Daniel Menahem Saleh Daniel 1846 - 1940 Businessman, landowner, philanthropist
Jagjit Singh Jagjit Singh 1941 - 2011 Ghazal singer
Nichita Stanescu Nichita Stanescu 1933 - 1983 Poet and essayist
Francisco de Almeida Francisco de Almeida 1450 - 1510 Viceroy of Portuguese India and naval commander
Justo Sierra Mendez Justo Sierra Mendez 1848 - 1912 Writer, Historian, Journalist, Poet
Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus 37 - 68  Roman emperor
Svetopolk Pivko Svetopolk Pivko 1910 - 1987 Engineer and Professor
Palissery Narayanankutty Menon Palissery Narayanankutty Menon 1926 - 2008 director and art director in Malayalam cinema
Geoffrey Edelsten Geoffrey Edelsten 1943 - 2021 Founder of Allied Medical Group and former
Felipe Angeles Felipe Angeles 1868 - 1919 Artillery officer and strategist
Benazir Bhutto Benazir Bhutto 1953 - 2007 First woman leader of a Muslim nation
Syed Muhammad Imran Majeed Syed Muhammad Imran Majeed 1961 - 2021 Surgeon General of Pakistan Army
Leonardo Torres Quevedo Leonardo Torres Quevedo 1852 - 1936 Mathematician, physicist and engineer
Kenan Evren Kenan Evren 1917 - 2015 President and coup leader
Igor Svyatoslavich Igor Svyatoslavich 1150 - 1202 Prince of Novgorod-Seversk and Chernigov
Alexandros Papagos Alexandros Papagos 1883 - 1955 General and Prime Minister of Greece
Jozef Maria Bochenski Jozef Maria Bochenski 1902 - 1995 Dominican priest, professor, rector
Leopoldo Nachbin Leopoldo Nachbin 1922 - 1993 structural stability of dynamical systems
Muhammad Anvari Muhammad Anvari 1126 - 1189 Poet, philosopher, alchemist, polymath
Stanislaw Lem Stanislaw Lem 1921 - 2006 Science fiction writer and philosopher
Alex Ekwueme Alex Ekwueme 1932 - 2017 Vice president of Nigeria
Georges Nomarski Georges Nomarski 1919 - 1997 Creator of differential interference microscopy
Sun Yun-suan Sun Yun-suan 1913 - 2006 Premier of the Republic of China
Viktor Hartmann Viktor Hartmann 1834 - 1873 Painter of historical
Raden Saleh Syarif Bustaman Raden Saleh Syarif Bustaman 1811 - 1880 Pioneering Indonesian painter of Arab-Javanes
Luigj Gurakuqi Luigj Gurakuqi 1879 - 1925 Writer, philosopher, activist
Borys Paton Borys Paton 1918 - 2020 Chairman of the National Academy of Sciences
Nikolay Muravyov Amursky Nikolay Muravyov Amursky 1809 - 1881 General admiral
Milita Petrascu Milita Petrascu 1892 - 1976 Sculptor
Gaganendranath Tagore Gaganendranath Tagore 1867 - 1938 Painter and cartoonist of the Bengal School of Art
Earle Page Earle Page 1880 - 1961 Prime Minister of Australia and leader
Jung Jae-sung Jung Jae-sung 1982 - 2018 Badminton player
Elizabeth of York Elizabeth of York 1466 - 1503 Queen consort of England
Ignacio Allende Ignacio Allende 1769 - 1811 Military leader and corevolutionary
Kim Seong-su Kim Seong-su 1891 - 1955 Vice president of South Korea
William Hall William Hall 1827 - 1904 Naval Seaman
Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada 1919 - 2008 Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
Bazil George Assan Bazil George Assan 1860 - 1918 Engineer, Explorer, Economist
Yasmin Ahmad Yasmin Ahmad 1958 - 2009 Film director, writer and scriptwriter
Anwar Sadat Anwar Sadat 1918 - 1981
Charlemagne Charlemagne 747 - 814 Emperor of the Romans and King of the Franks
Sheikh Muhammad Ikram Sheikh Muhammad Ikram 1908 - 1973 Civil servant, historian, biographer, author
Iftikhar Janjua Iftikhar Janjua 1922 - 1971 Major General of Pakistan Army
Ernst Lubitsch Ernst Lubitsch 1892 - 1947 Film director, producer, writer, actor
Ishida Mitsunari Ishida Mitsunari 1559 - 1600 Commander of the Western army in the Battle
Lina Morgan Lina Morgan 1937 - 2015 Comedy actress and theater owner
Rudolf Cvetko Rudolf Cvetko 1880 - 1977 Fencer
Andrzej Dobrowolski Andrzej Dobrowolski 1921 - 1990 Composer and teacher of electronic music
Maria Dabrowska Maria Dabrowska 1889 - 1965 Novelist, critic, translator
Vicente Riva Palacio Vicente Riva Palacio 1832 - 1896 Writer, politician, military leader
Khaw Sim Bee Khaw Sim Bee 1857 - 1913 Provincial Administrator
Buddha Buddha -564 - -483
Hashem Muhammad al Baghdadi Hashem Muhammad al Baghdadi 1917 - 1973 Documenting the modernization
Phi Nhung Phi Nhung 1970 - 2021 Singer
Allama Muhammad Iqbal Allama Muhammad Iqbal 1877 - 1938 Poet, philosopher, and politician
Alexandru Averescu Alexandru Averescu 1859 - 1938 Prime Minister
Carlos Pellicer Carlos Pellicer 1897 - 1977 Poet and promoter of Mexican art and culture
Murad III Murad III 1546 - 1595 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Janez Trdina Janez Trdina 1830 - 1905 Writer and Historian
Mohammad Ali Bogra Mohammad Ali Bogra 1909 - 1963 Third Prime Minister of Pakistan
Hanif Mohammad Hanif Mohammad 1934 - 2016 Opening batsman
Franca Afegbua Franca Afegbua 1943 - 2023 Senator of Bendel North
Sukru Saracoglu Sukru Saracoglu 1887 - 1953 Prime Minister of Turkey
Konstanty Antoni Gorski Konstanty Antoni Gorski 1859 - 1924 Composer, violinist, organist, music teacher
Roy Herbert Thomson Roy Herbert Thomson 1894 - 1976 Founder of Thomson Corporation
Joy Mukherjee Joy Mukherjee 1924 - 2003 Actor, comedian, bus conductor
Longin Frikke Longin Frikke 1820 - 1893 Graphic artist, woodcut illustrator, art critic
Oswaldo Aranha Oswaldo Aranha 1894 - 1960 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Michael Faraday Michael Faraday 1791 - 1867 Physicist and chemist
Max Planck Max Planck 1858 - 1947 Quantum theory
Jules Gabriel Verne Jules Gabriel Verne 1828 - 1905 Writer of science fiction and adventure novels
Murad I Murad I 1326 - 1389 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui Salimuzzaman Siddiqui 1897 - 1994 Organic chemist and natural product researcher
Jose Celestino Bruno Mutis Jose Celestino Bruno Mutis 1732 - 1808 Botanist, mathematician, priest, artist
Obaidullah Akhund Obaidullah Akhund 1968 - 2010 Defence Minister
Jacques Cousteau Jacques Cousteau 1910 - 1997 Ocean explorer and co-inventor of the Aqua-Lung
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 1931 - 2015 Missile Man of India
Giuseppe Verdi Giuseppe Verdi 1813 - 1901 Opera composer
Louis II, Cardinal of Guise Louis II, Cardinal of Guise 1555 - 1588 Cardinal and Archbishop of Reims
Johan Vilhelm Gertner Johan Vilhelm Gertner 1818 - 1871 Painter, portraitist, professor
Sejong the Great Sejong the Great 1397 - 1450 King of Joseon, inventor of Hangul
Minerva Bloom Minerva Bloom 1959 - 2018 Bilingual poet and nature photographer
Ndoc Nikaj Ndoc Nikaj 1864 - 1951 Literary historian and writer
Frederic Bastiat Frederic Bastiat 1801 - 1850 Economic journalist and advocate of free trade
Emperor Go-Sai Emperor Go-Sai 1638 - 1685 Emperor of Japan
Branka Jurca Branka Jurca 1914 - 1999 Writer
Surinder Shinda Surinder Shinda 1959 - 2023 Playback singer
Richard Dawson Richard Dawson 1932 - 2012 Actor, comedian, game show host, and panelist
Eugenia Popescu-Judet Eugenia Popescu-Judet 1925 - 2011 Dancer, Choreographer
Rihard Jakopic Rihard Jakopic 1869 - 1943 Impressionist painter
Dorin Liviu Zaharia Dorin Liviu Zaharia 1944 - 1987 Musician, Composer, Poet
Fred Spofforth Fred Spofforth 1853 - 1926 Fast bowler
Havzi Nela Havzi Nela 1934 - 1988 Poet and short story writer
Chris Haney Chris Haney 1950 - 2010 Trivial Pursuit
Mohammad Yaqub Khan Mohammad Yaqub Khan 1849 - 1923 Emir
Cary Grant Cary Grant 1904 - 1986 Film actor
Juan Marse Juan Marse 1933 - 2020 Novelist, journalist and screenwriter
Arshad Sharif Arshad Sharif 1973 - 2022 Journalist, investigative reporter, anchor
Lo Hsiang lin Lo Hsiang lin 1906 - 1978 Historian and educator
Vo Thi Thang Vo Thi Thang 1945 - 2014 Revolutionary, Stateswoman
Umberto Eco Umberto Eco 1932 - 2016 Author
Rapee Sagarik Rapee Sagarik 1922 - 2018 Horticulturist, Botanist
Ignacio Lopez Tarso Ignacio Lopez Tarso 1925 - 2023 Actor of stage, film and television
Taworn Jirapan Taworn Jirapan 1939 - 2014 Cyclist
Boleslaw Prus Boleslaw Prus 1847 - 1912 Novelist, short-story writer, publicist
Otto Hahn Otto Hahn 1879 - 1968 Chemist and pioneer of radioactivity
Valentina Levko Valentina Levko 1926 - 2018 Soviet film star and singer
Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich 1782 - 1856 Field marshal, viceroy of Poland
Saad Zaghloul Saad Zaghloul 1859 - 1927 Leader of the Wafd Party and the nationalist
Ni Yuanlu Ni Yuanlu 1577 - 1644 Minister of revenue and lecturer to the emperor
France Forstneric France Forstneric 1933 - 2007 Poet
Jozef Beck Jozef Beck 1894 - 1944 Foreign minister of Poland
Ludwik Dorn Ludwik Dorn 1954 - 2022 Deputy Prime Minister, Marshal of the Sejm
Cheryl Barrymore Cheryl Barrymore 1950 - 2005 Dancer and talent manager
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 1886 - 1969 Architect and educator
Shah Shujah Durrani Shah Shujah Durrani 1785 - 1842 King
Murtala Ramat Muhammed Murtala Ramat Muhammed 1938 - 1976 Head of State of Nigeria
Seti II Seti II -1303 - -1197 Pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty
Alexander Barykin Alexander Barykin 1952 - 2011 Folk singer-songwriter
Rashidi Yekini Rashidi Yekini 1963 - 2012 Forward
Oswald Mosley Oswald Mosley 1896 - 1980 Leader of the British Union of Fascists
Lyubov Popova Lyubov Popova 1889 - 1924 Avant-garde artist and designer
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri 1923 - 2005 Theoretical physicist and cosmologist
Peter Adler Alberti Peter Adler Alberti 1851 - 1932 Former justice minister and leader
Bassel al-Assad Bassel al-Assad 1962 - 1994 Engineer, colonel, politician
Poul Henningsen Poul Henningsen 1894 - 1967 Architect and designer of many products
Mircea I the Elder Mircea I the Elder 1355 - 1418 Voivode of Wallachia
Tawee Rujaneekorn Tawee Rujaneekorn 1934 - 2022 Artist, Educator
James Cleveland Jesse Owens James Cleveland Jesse Owens 1913 - 1980 Track and field
Samuel Balto Samuel Balto 1861 - 1921 Crossing Greenland with Nansen
Sriwati Masmundari Sriwati Masmundari 1904 - 2005 Topeng dancer and damar kurung painter
Michel Aflaq Michel Aflaq 1910 - 1989 Founder of Ba'athism
Ion Heliade-Radulescu Ion Heliade-Radulescu 1802 - 1872 Poet, essayist, journalist
Yen Hsi shan Yen Hsi shan 1883 - 1960 Premier of the Republic of China
Hou Bo Hou Bo 1924 - 2017 Photographer of Mao Zedong
Neset Ertas Neset Ertas 1938 - 2012 Folk singer and baglama player
David Monrad Johansen David Monrad Johansen 1888 - 1974 Composer
Konrad Zuse Konrad Zuse 1910 - 1995 Computer scientist and engineer
Alan Wolf Arkin Alan Wolf Arkin 1934 - 2023 Actor Director Screenwriter producer
Robert Bunsen Robert Bunsen 1811 - 1899 Chemist and inventor
Georges Tarabichi Georges Tarabichi 1939 - 2016 Writer, philosopher, and translator
Andy Gibb Andy Gibb 1958 - 1988 Singer, songwriter
Arsinoe II Arsinoe II -316 - -270 Queen of Thrace, Anatolia, Macedonia, and Egypt
Vasile Carlova Vasile Carlova 1809 - 1831 Poet and Officer
Oba Sir Musendiku Buraimoh Adeniji Adele II Oba Sir Musendiku Buraimoh Adeniji Adele II 1893 - 1964 Oba of Lagos
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

    Vo Nguyen Giap Profile

  • 2. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 3. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 4. Plato

    Died: -347 A.D
    Slogan: The measure of a man is what he does with power.

    Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered one of the most important figures in Western philosophy. Plato was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He wrote numerous philosophical dialogues, including The Republic, which presents his vision of an ideal society. Plato's philosophy covers a wide range of topics, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. His ideas continue to be studied and debated to this day.Little is known about Plato's early life and education. He belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, modern scholars believe he was born in Athens or Aegina, between 428[10] and 423 BC. The exact time and place of birth are unknown. He was known to have worn earrings and finger rings during his youth to stand out and make himself look distinguished.The extent of Plato's affinity for jewelry while young was even characterized as "decadent" by Sextus Empiricus. Plato gives little biographical information, but refers at various points to some of his relatives with a great degree of precision, including his brothers, Adeimantus, and Glaucon, in the Plato's Republic. These and other references make it possible to reconstruct Plato's family tree.[15] Plato may have travelled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene,[16] but at 40, Plato founded a school of philosophy in Athens, the Academy, on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus,[17] named after Academus, an Attic hero in Greek mythology. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Sulla in 84 BC. Many philosophers studied at the Academy, the most prominent being Aristotle. According to Diogenes Laertius, throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse, where he attempted to replace the tyrant Dionysius,[20] with Dionysius's brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, whom Plato had recruited as one of his followers, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato almost faced death, but was sold into slavery. Anniceris, a Cyrenaic philosopher, bought Plato's freedom for twenty minas, and sent him home. After Dionysius's death, according to Plato's Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysius II, who seemed to accept Plato's teachings, but eventually became suspicious of their motives, expelling Dion and holding Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse and Dion would return to overthrow Dionysius and rule Syracuse, before being usurped by Callippus, a fellow disciple of Plato. A variety of sources have given accounts of Plato's death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript,[22] suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diogenes Laertius's reference to an account by Hermippus, a third-century Alexandrian. According to Tertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep.

    Plato Profile

  • 5. Ahmad Mallah, Haji

    Died: 1969 A.D
    Slogan: Quran is the word of God, the light of guidance,the source of wisdom, and the fountain of knowledge.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji was a Sindhi poet and translator of the Quran. He was born in a village called Kundi in Badin District, Sindh, in 1877. His father was Nangio Mallah, a farmer and a religious scholar. Ahmad Mallah received his early education from his father and then from various teachers in Sindh. He learned Arabic, Persian, Urdu and English languages. He also studied Islamic sciences and literature. He was a moderate Islamic scholar and a follower of the Chishti Sufi order. He wrote poetry in Sindhi and Urdu languages, and also translated some Persian and Arabic works into Sindhi. His most famous and remarkable work is his poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language, which he completed in 1958. He named it Noor-ul-Quran (The Light of the Quran). It is considered to be the first and the best poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language. It is also a masterpiece of Sindhi poetry and literature. He also wrote a commentary on his translation, explaining the meanings and interpretations of the Quranic verses. He died in 1969 and was buried in Badin.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji Profile

  • 6. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Profile

  • 7. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 8. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 9. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 10. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

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