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Zhao Jiuzhang Zhao Jiuzhang 1907 - 1968 Atmospheric physics, geophysics, space physics
Jerzy Plebanski Jerzy Plebanski 1928 - 2005 Theoretical physicist and mathematician
Osman III Osman III 1699 - 1757 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Thorbjorn Egner Thorbjorn Egner 1912 - 1990 Children's books, plays and musicals
Rachmat Witoelar Rachmat Witoelar 1916 - 1967 Deputy Prime Minister, Minister
Lala Jagat Narain Lala Jagat Narain 1899 - 1981 Editor, founder of Hind Samachar media group
Dmitry Levitzky Dmitry Levitzky 1735 - 1822 Painter and photographer
Solomon Marcus Solomon Marcus 1925 - 2016 mathematician
Joanna Chmielewska Joanna Chmielewska 1932 - 2013 Novelist and screenwriter
Jens Jensen Jens Jensen 1860 - 1951 Landscape architect and conservationist
Peter Thomson Peter Thomson 1929 - 2018 Golfer, course architect, writer
Le Duc Tho Le Duc Tho 1911 - 1990 Politician
Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha 1958 - 2018 Businessman, Football Club Owner
Dorce Gamalama Dorce Gamalama 1963 - 2022 Comedian, actor, singer
Kamal al-Qassab Kamal al-Qassab 1853 - 1954 founder of the Syrian Higher National Committee
James B. Leong James B. Leong 1889 - 1967 Actor, director, producer and technical director
Claude Monet Claude Monet 1840 - 1926 Founder of impressionist painting
Lady Jane Grey Lady Jane Grey 1537 - 1554 Queen of England and Ireland for nine days
Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu 1916 - 1992 Writer
Saito Makoto Saito Makoto 1858 - 1936 Prime Minister of Japan, Governor-General of Korea
Antonio Machado Antonio Machado 1875 - 1939 Poet and leading figure of the Generation of '98
Derek Mahon Derek Mahon 1941 - 2020 Poet
Rigas Feraios Rigas Feraios 1757 - 1798 Leader of the Greek Enlightenment
Feng Youlan Feng Youlan 1895 - 1990 Philosopher, historian, and writer
Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy 1928 - 2010 Grand Imam of Al-Azhar
Aminah Cendrakasih Aminah Cendrakasih 1938 - 2022 Actress
Guy Fawkes Guy Fawkes 1570 - 1606 Conspirator
Huang Zunxian Huang Zunxian 1848 - 1905 Poet and diplomat
Bruce Lee Bruce Lee 1940 - 1973
Yolanda Vargas Dulche Yolanda Vargas Dulche 1926 - 1999 Writer and comic book creator
Kakuei Tanaka Kakuei Tanaka 1918 - 1993 Prime Minister of Japan
Melpomeni cobani Melpomeni cobani 1928 - 2016 Actress and poet for The Voice of Albania
Amrish Puri Amrish Puri 1932 - 2005 Hindi film actor
Agnes Campbell Macphail Agnes Campbell Macphail 1890 - 1954 Politician, Reformer
Ye Jianying Ye Jianying 1897 - 1986 Acting Chairman and Vice Chairman
Hasyim Asy'ari Hasyim Asy'ari 1871 - 1947 Islamic scholar and leader
Yildirim Akbulut Yildirim Akbulut 1935 - 2021 Prime Minister of Turkey
Christopher Ifekandu Okigbo Christopher Ifekandu Okigbo 1932 - 1967 Poet, teacher, librarian
Jani Vreto Jani Vreto 1822 - 1900 founder of the Society for the Publication
Hayat Sharara Hayat Sharara 1935 - 1997 Iraqi writer, translator and educator
Mervyn Wall Mervyn Wall 1908 - 1997 Writer and civil servant
Sun Yu Sun Yu 1900 - 1990 Film director and screenwriter
Ezra Dangoor Ezra Dangoor 1848 - 1930 Chief Rabbi of Baghdad and founder
Shishaku Shibusawa Eiichi Shishaku Shibusawa Eiichi 1840 - 1931 Financier, entrepreneur, philanthropist
Naziha al Dulaimi Naziha al Dulaimi 1923 - 2007 founder and first president of the Iraqi Women's
Rasim Oztekin Rasim Oztekin 1959 - 2021 Actor and comedian
Enrique Gonzalez Martinez Enrique Gonzalez Martinez 1871 - 1952 Poet, journalist, and diplomat
Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha,rawi Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha,rawi 1911 - 1998 Islamic scholar and former minister of Endowments
Emil Racovita Emil Racovita 1868 - 1947 Biologist, Explorer
Seve Ballesteros Seve Ballesteros 1957 - 2011 Professional golfer and Ryder Cup captain
Puangroi Apaiwong Puangroi Apaiwong 1914 - 2000 Composer
Germanus I of Constantinople Germanus I of Constantinople 634 - 740 Patriarch of Constantinople and theologian
Josip Plemelj Josip Plemelj 1873 - 1967 Mathematician
Yehudi Menuhin Yehudi Menuhin 1916 - 1999 violinist and conductor
Leila Mustafa Leila Mustafa 1988 - 2023 Co-chair of the Civil Council of Raqqa
Chen Boda Chen Boda 1904 - 1989 Journalist and political theorist
Kirin Kiki Kirin Kiki 1943 - 2018 Actress for Japanese cinema and television
Vichit Kounavudhi Vichit Kounavudhi 1922 - 1997 Film Director, Screenwriter
Bharathan Bharathan 1946 - 1998 director, art director, sculptor, poster designer
Khai Dinh Khai Dinh 1885 - 1925 Emperor
Ndrek Luca Ndrek Luca 1927 - 1993 Film and theatre actor and director
Theodoros Kolokotronis Theodoros Kolokotronis 1770 - 1843 General and leader of the Greek War
Abo of Tiflis Abo of Tiflis 756 - 786 Perfumer and Christian convert
Mehmed III Mehmed III 1566 - 1603 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Enver Hoxha Enver Hoxha 1908 - 1985 First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania
Kusunoki Masashige Kusunoki Masashige 1294 - 1336 Military strategist
Origen Origen 185 - 254 Biblical exegesis, apologetics, theology
Helen McCrory Helen McCrory 1968 - 2021 Member of Peaky Blinders and Harry Potter films
Almudena Grandes Almudena Grandes 1960 - 2021 Writer and novelist
Grigore Moisil Grigore Moisil 1906 - 1973 Mathematician, Computer Scientist
Masood Rana Masood Rana 1938 - 1995 Playback singer and ghazal singer
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle 1666 - 1726 Electoral Princess of Hanover
Hugo Gutierrez Vega Hugo Gutierrez Vega 1934 - 2015 Poet, lawyer, writer, academi and translator
Denis Davydov Denis Davydov 1784 - 1839 Hussar poet and guerrilla leader
Benito Juarez Benito Juarez 1806 - 1872 liberal lawyer
Liu Chi-chun Liu Chi-chun 1908 - 1999 First Lady of the Republic of China
Usman bin Yahya Usman bin Yahya 1822 - 1913 Islamic scholar and Grand Mufti of Batavia
Carmen Conde Abellan Carmen Conde Abellan 1907 - 1996 Poet, narrative writer, teacher
Tomaz Pengov Tomaz Pengov 1949 - 2014 Singer-songwriter
Wasfi al-Tal Wasfi al-Tal 1919 - 1971 Prime Minister of Jordan
Menotti del Picchia Menotti del Picchia 1892 - 1988 Poet and writer
Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 1953 - 2019 Chairman of the UAE FootballAssociation(1976-1981)
Naziha Salim Naziha Salim 1927 - 2008 Painter and writer
Kung Hsiang hsi Kung Hsiang hsi 1881 - 1967 Premier of the Republic of China
Mamoru Shigemitsu Mamoru Shigemitsu 1887 - 1957 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Frederick I Frederick I 1122 - 1190 Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany and Italy
Siti Hartinah Siti Hartinah 1923 - 1996 First Lady of Indonesia
Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky 1838 - 1918 Writer
Maureen O'Hara Maureen O'Hara 1920 - 2015 Playing passionate but sensible heroines
Jean-Baptiste Henri-Dominique Lacordaire Jean-Baptiste Henri-Dominique Lacordaire 1802 - 1861 Preacher, theologian, political activist
Flavio Migliaccio Flavio Migliaccio 1934 - 2020 TV and theater pioneer
Daniel Cosio Villegas Daniel Cosio Villegas 1898 - 1976 Economist, essayist, historian, and diplomat
Prasert na Nagara Prasert na Nagara 1919 - 2019 Scholar, Historian
Achmad Nungcik Alcaff Achmad Nungcik Alcaff 1925 - 1987 Actor, director, activist
Amir Sjarifuddin Amir Sjarifuddin 1907 - 1948 Prime Minister of Indonesia
Romanus Amuta Romanus Amuta 1943 - 2022 New Masquerade actor
Ciprian Ilie Foias Ciprian Ilie Foias 1933 - 2020 Mathematician
T.M. Aluko T.M. Aluko 1918 - 2010 Novelist, playwright, poet, town planner
Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher 1742 - 1819 Field marshal
Margarita Salas Margarita Salas 1938 - 2019 Biochemistry and molecular genetics
Victor Li-Carrillo Chia Victor Li-Carrillo Chia 1929 - 1988 Philosopher
Ronald Vaughan Joyce Ronald Vaughan Joyce 1930 - 2019 Co-founder of Tim Hortons
Mihai Olos Mihai Olos 1940 - 2015 conceptual artist
Lin Dai Lin Dai 1934 - 1964 Actress and singer of Mandarin films
Al-Julanda bin Masud Al-Julanda bin Masud 700 - 751 First Ibadi Imam of Oman
Mohammad Taqi al Khoei Mohammad Taqi al Khoei 1954 - 1994 Shia scholar and philanthropist
Kitagawa Utamaro Kitagawa Utamaro 1753 - 1806 Woodblock printmaker and painter
Nguyen Thi Thap Nguyen Thi Thap 1908 - 1996 Politician
Anthony the Great Anthony the Great 251 - 356 Christian monasticism
Frances Power Cobbe Frances Power Cobbe 1822 - 1904 Writer, philosopher, social reformer
Amparo Ochoa Amparo Ochoa 1946 - 1994 Singer-songwriter
Bernard John Ebbers Bernard John Ebbers 1941 - 2020 CEO of WorldCom
Havzi Nela Havzi Nela 1934 - 1988 Poet and short story writer
Carl Laemmle Carl Laemmle 1867 - 1939 Film producer and co-founder of Universal Pictures
Mochtar Apin Mochtar Apin 1923 - 1994 Pioneering Indonesian painter, illustrator
Siva Brata Bhattacherjee Siva Brata Bhattacherjee 1921 - 2003 Professor of physics at the University
Qian Nengxun Qian Nengxun 1869 - 1924 Premier of the Republic of China
Asma Nabeel Asma Nabeel 1979 - 2021 Writer, columnist and journalist of Punjabi
Casimir III the Great Casimir III the Great 1310 - 1370 King of Poland and Ruthenia
Adamu Abdu-Kafarati Adamu Abdu-Kafarati 1954 - 2021 Chief Judge of the Federal High Court of Nigeria
Paul II Cheikho Paul II Cheikho 1906 - 1989 Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans
Salima Murad Salima Murad 1900 - 1974 Iraqi Jewish singer and actress
Nasim al-Safarjalani Nasim al-Safarjalani 1935 - 1994 General Secretary of the Presidential Council
Ernest Cormier Ernest Cormier 1885 - 1980 Architect and engineer
Doina Cornea Doina Cornea 1929 - 2018 Human Rights Activist
Arnold Maersk Mc Kinney Moller Arnold Maersk Mc Kinney Moller 1913 - 2012 Chairman of A.P. Moller-Maersk Group
Chatin Sarachi Chatin Sarachi 1903 - 1974 Painter and First Secretary of Albanian Embassy
Kuniaki Koiso Kuniaki Koiso 1880 - 1950 General and prime minister of Japan
Pharuephon Mukdasanit Pharuephon Mukdasanit 1978 - 2013 Graphic Designer, Street Artist
Abraham Pineo Gesner Abraham Pineo Gesner 1797 - 1864 Kerosene
Paew Snidvongseni Paew Snidvongseni 1903 - 2000 Classical Thai Dance Expert
Chhabi Biswas Chhabi Biswas 1900 - 1962 Actor and director
Maria Zambrano Maria Zambrano 1904 - 1991 Philosopher and essayist of the Generation of '36
Ibrahim Coomassie Ibrahim Coomassie 1942 - 2018 Inspector General of Police
Jessica Tandy Jessica Tandy 1909 - 1994 Stage, film and television actress
Stefan Gierowski Stefan Gierowski 1925 - 2022 Painter and professor
Octav Onicescu Octav Onicescu 1892 - 1983 Mathematician
Darcy Ribeiro Darcy Ribeiro 1922 - 1997 Anthropologist, historian, sociologist
Kazi Zainul Abedin Kazi Zainul Abedin 1892 - 1962 Poet and scholar of Pashto and Persian
Musine Kokalari Musine Kokalari 1917 - 1983 Writer, journalist, politician
Tevfik Fikret Tevfik Fikret 1867 - 1915 Founder of the modern school of Turkish poetry
Monica Vitti Monica Vitti 1931 - 2022 Actress
Isoroku Yamamoto Isoroku Yamamoto 1884 - 1943 Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy
David Wechsler David Wechsler 1896 - 1981 Psychologist
Erik Bruhn Erik Bruhn 1928 - 1986 Ballet dancer, choreographer, artistic director
Luis Barragan Luis Barragan 1902 - 1988 Modernist architect and landscape designer
Zahoor ul Akhlaq Zahoor ul Akhlaq 1941 - 1999 Painter, sculptor, designer, architect
Andreas Kalvos Andreas Kalvos 1792 - 1869 Poet of the Romantic school
Situ Guong Situ Guong 1911 - 1960 Long jump and triple jump
Elena Obraztsova Elena Obraztsova 1939 - 2015 Soviet and Russian opera singer
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 2. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 3. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 4. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 5. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 6. Qaboos bin Said al Said

    Died: 2020 A.D
    Slogan: We are friends to all and enemies to none.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said was the Sultan of Oman from 1970 until his death in 2020. He was a fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said and was the longest-serving leader in the Middle East and Arab world at the time of his death. Educated in England, he served briefly in the British Army before returning to Oman. After overthrowing his father in a coup d'état, he implemented policies of modernization and ended Oman's international isolation. His reign saw a rise in living standards and development in the country, the abolition of slavery, the end of the Dhofar Rebellion, and the promulgation of Oman's constitution.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said Profile

  • 7. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 8. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 9. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 10. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

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