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Hsien Wu Hsien Wu 1893 - 1959 Protein denaturation, blood sugar assay
Roberto Marinho Roberto Marinho 1904 - 2003 Founder and owner of Grupo Globo
Michael the Brave Michael the Brave 1558 - 1601 Prince of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia
Sejfulla Maleshova Sejfulla Maleshova 1900 - 1971 Writer, translator, activist
Srecko Brodar Srecko Brodar 1893 - 1987 Archaeologist
Irma Gonzalez Irma Gonzalez 1916 - 2008 Soprano at the National Opera of Mexico
Robert of Geneva Robert of Geneva 1342 - 1394 Antipope of Avignon
Fang Weiyi Fang Weiyi 1869 - 1927 Writer and historian
Peter O'Toole Peter O'Toole 1932 - 2013 Actor of stage and screen
Sokrat Dodbiba Sokrat Dodbiba 1898 - 1956 Banker, politician, diplomat and translator
Khalid Saeed Butt Khalid Saeed Butt 1948 - 2023 Painter and miniaturist
Ellen Louks Fairclough Ellen Louks Fairclough 1905 - 2004 Politician
Sid Vicious Sid Vicious 1957 - 1979 Bassist for the Sex Pistols
Goncalo Velho Goncalo Velho 1400 - 1460 Navigator and explorer of the West African coast
Adam Zagajewski Adam Zagajewski 1945 - 2021 Poet, novelist, translator, and essayist
Dimitrie Bolintineanu Dimitrie Bolintineanu 1819 - 1872 Poet, politician, diplomat
Frederick III Frederick III 1831 - 1888 German Emperor and King of Prussia
MUnir Ozkul MUnir Ozkul 1925 - 2018 Theater and cinema actor
Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki 1933 - 2010 Composer of contemporary classical music
Kenneth Roy Thomson Kenneth Roy Thomson 1923 - 2006 Chairman of Thomson Corporation
Ernest Asuzu Ernest Asuzu 1984 - 2021 Actor and singer
Jean Moreas Jean Moreas 1856 - 1910 Symbolist poet and critic
Sultan Idris ibn Raja Iskandar Sultan Idris ibn Raja Iskandar 1849 - 1916 Sultan of Perak
Essam al-Buwaydhani Essam al-Buwaydhani 1971 - 2019 Rebel leader of Jaysh al-Islam
Ismael Rodriguez Ismael Rodriguez 1917 - 2004 Film director and actor
Manfred Rommel Manfred Rommel 1928 - 2013 Mayor of Stuttgart
Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur 1822 - 1895 Chemist and microbiologist
Ibrahim Erkal Ibrahim Erkal 1966 - 2017 Singer, songwriter, composer and actor
Hanzo HATTORI Hanzo HATTORI 1542 - 1596 Ninja master and tactician
Ariano Suassuna Ariano Suassuna 1927 - 2014 Writer and playwright
Emperor Nakamikado Emperor Nakamikado 1702 - 1737 Emperor of Japan from 1709 to 1735
Raden Mochtar Raden Mochtar 1918 - 1997 Actor
Borys Paton Borys Paton 1918 - 2020 Chairman of the National Academy of Sciences
Nguyen Xuan Vinh Nguyen Xuan Vinh 1930 - 2022 Aerospace Scientist
Laurenz Janscha Laurenz Janscha 1749 - 1812 landscape painter and engraver
Ida Brun Ida Brun 1792 - 1857 Singer, dancer, and classical mime artist
Germaine Dulac Germaine Dulac 1882 - 1942 Film director, film theorist
Emil Baerentzen Emil Baerentzen 1799 - 1868 Painter
Muhammad al-Maghut Muhammad al-Maghut 1934 - 2006 Father of Arabic free verse poetry
Joao Domingos Bomtempo Joao Domingos Bomtempo 1775 - 1842 Composer and pianist
Tariq Jameel Paracha Tariq Jameel Paracha 1950 - 2023 Film, television and stage producer, actor
Buddhadasa Bhikkhu Buddhadasa Bhikkhu 1906 - 1993 Buddhist Monk, Philosopher
Costica Acsinte Costica Acsinte 1897 - 1984 War photographer
Kamal al-Qassab Kamal al-Qassab 1853 - 1954 founder of the Syrian Higher National Committee
Geo Dumitrescu Geo Dumitrescu 1920 - 2004 Poet and Translator
Eiler Rasmussen Eilersen Eiler Rasmussen Eilersen 1827 - 1912 Landscape painter
Nichita Stanescu Nichita Stanescu 1933 - 1983 Poet and essayist
Horia Hulubei Horia Hulubei 1896 - 1972 Physicist
Ignacio Allende Ignacio Allende 1769 - 1811 Military leader and corevolutionary
Tupsy Clement Tupsy Clement 1871 - 1959 Painter
Freddie Mercury Freddie Mercury 1946 - 1991 Lead vocalist and songwriter of Queen
Gaspar Henaine Gaspar Henaine 1927 - 2011 Comedian and actor
Leonard Norman Cohen Leonard Norman Cohen 1934 - 2016 Singer, songwriter, poet, novelist
Tommy Seebach Tommy Seebach 1949 - 2003 Singer and musician
Ahmed I Ahmed I 1590 - 1617 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Feng Youlan Feng Youlan 1895 - 1990 Philosopher, historian, and writer
Teresa of Avila Teresa of Avila 1515 - 1582 Carmelite nun and writer
Goldie Harvey Goldie Harvey 1981 - 2013 Singer, rapper, songwriter, television personality
David Zaizar David Zaizar 1928 - 1982 Mariachi singer and actor
Brigitte Helm Brigitte Helm 1908 - 1996 Silent film star
Yuh Woon-Hyung Yuh Woon-Hyung 1886 - 1947 Provisional government member
Mohammad al Sadr Mohammad al Sadr 1882 - 1956 Prime Minister of Iraq from 1948 to 1948
Tan Yankai Tan Yankai 1869 - 1923 Acting President and Premier
Fazal Haq Mujahid Fazal Haq Mujahid 1954 - 1997 Military and political leader against Soviet Union
Nongchanai Prinyathawat Nongchanai Prinyathawat 1921 - 2014 Novelist, Professor
Claude La Colombiere Claude La Colombiere 1641 - 1682 Priest and confessor of Margaret Mary Alacoque
Ulfat Idlibi Ulfat Idlibi 1912 - 2007 Novelist
Lars Thalian Backer Lars Thalian Backer 1892 - 1930 Architect
Bernard Maris Bernard Maris 1946 - 2015 Economist, writer and journalist
Robin Gibb Robin Gibb 1949 - 2012 Singer, songwriter and member of the Bee Gees
Puttanna Kanagal Puttanna Kanagal 1933 - 1985 Film director, producer, screenwriter
Agatha Christie Agatha Christie 1890 - 1976 Author of detective novels and short stories
Benito Juarez Benito Juarez 1806 - 1872 liberal lawyer
Ilo Mitke Qafezezi Ilo Mitke Qafezezi 1889 - 1964 Editor of Drita and The Adriatic Review
Hafidh al-Droubi Hafidh al-Droubi 1914 - 1991 Modernizing Iraqi architecture and urbanism
Hsuan-tsung Hsuan-tsung 685 - 762 Ninth emperor of the Tang dynasty
Semyon Andreevich Pugachov Semyon Andreevich Pugachov 1740 - 1775 Leader of Pugachev's Rebellion against Catherine
Jeong Da-bin Jeong Da-bin 1980 - 2007 Actress
Ahmed Sefik Midhat Pasha Ahmed Sefik Midhat Pasha 1822 - 1883 Grand Vizier and author of the Ottoman Constitutio
Ghazala Javed Ghazala Javed 1988 - 2012 Pashto playback singer
Henri Alekan Henri Alekan 1909 - 2001 Cinematographer of Beauty and the Beast
Wu Tingfang Wu Tingfang 1842 - 1922 Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic
Don Duong Don Duong 1957 - 2011 Actor
Jean Francois Paul de Gondi Jean Francois Paul de Gondi 1613 - 1679 Archbishop of Paris and memoirist
Necati Cumali Necati Cumali 1921 - 2001 Writer and poet
Jean-Louis Lefebvre de Cheverus Jean-Louis Lefebvre de Cheverus 1768 - 1836 First bishop of Boston, Archbishop of Bordeaux
Karl Donitz Karl Donitz 1891 - 1980 Commander-in-Chief of the Kriegsmarine
Breno Mello Breno Mello 1931 - 2008 theater and film actor
Claude of France Claude of France 1499 - 1524 Queen consort of France and Duchess of Brittany
Mostafa Kamal Tolba Mostafa Kamal Tolba 1922 - 2016 Executive Director of UNEP
Halina Konopacka Halina Konopacka 1900 - 1989 Discus thrower
Jawed Wassel Jawed Wassel 1959 - 2001 Director
Azizullah Lodin Azizullah Lodin 1939 - 2015 Head of the Independent Election Commission
Carlos Chagas Carlos Chagas 1879 - 1934 Physician and scientist
Carlos Lacerda Carlos Lacerda 1914 - 1977 Mayor of São Paulo and governor of São Paulo
Nguyen Phuc Mien Dinh Nguyen Phuc Mien Dinh 1810 - 1886 Prince
Marigo Posio Marigo Posio 1882 - 1932 Embroiderer of the Albanian flag
Ishmeet Singh Ishmeet Singh 1988 - 2008 Playback singer and musician
Chiyonofuji Mitsugu Chiyonofuji Mitsugu 1955 - 2016 Sumo wrestler and the 58th yokozuna
Nguyen Sang Nguyen Sang 1923 - 1988 painter
Jakob Fugger Jakob Fugger 1459 - 1525 Mining entrepreneur and financier of the Habsburgs
Gustav Knuth Gustav Knuth 1901 - 1987 Film and theater actor
Kulap Saipradit Kulap Saipradit 1906 - 1974 Novelist
Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie 1936 - 2019 Third president of Indonesia
Safwat Ghayur Safwat Ghayur 1959 - 2010 Police officer and commandant
Stanislawa Walasiewicz Stanislawa Walasiewicz 1911 - 1980 Olympic champion in 100 metres
Santiago Ramon Cajal Santiago Ramon Cajal 1852 - 1934 Father of modern neuroscience
Huseyin Hilmi Pasha Huseyin Hilmi Pasha 1855 - 1922 Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Ali al-Jundi Ali al-Jundi 1928 - 2009 Free verse poet
Ion Ghica Ion Ghica 1816 - 1897 Prime Minister
Josep Comas i Sola Josep Comas i Sola 1868 - 1937 Astronomer and popularizer of science
Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr 1913 - 1996 General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood
Riyad al-Rayyes Riyad al-Rayyes 1937 - 2020 journalist and publisher
Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela 1918 - 2013
Sam Obi Sam Obi 1961 - 2021 Speaker of Delta State house of assembly
Margaret Morris Margaret Morris 1891 - 1980 Dancer and choreographer
Hans Frank Hans Frank 1900 - 1946 Governor-General of occupied Poland
Vasilya Fattakhova Vasilya Fattakhova 1979 - 2016 Pop singer and actress
Walter Benjamin Walter Benjamin 1892 - 1940 Philosopher and cultural critic
Hendrick Krock Hendrick Krock 1671 - 1738 History painter
Simon Jenko Simon Jenko 1835 - 1869 Poet
Albert Finney Albert Finney 1936 - 2019 Actor of stage and screen
Shiv Ram Kashyap Shiv Ram Kashyap 1882 - 1934 botany professor and researcher
Muhammad Mustafa Mero Muhammad Mustafa Mero 1941 - 2020 Prime Minister of Syria
Magdalene Barens Magdalene Barens 1737 - 1808 Painter
Joffre Soares Joffre Soares 1918 - 1996 TV and theater pioneer
Jacob Christian Jacobsen Jacob Christian Jacobsen 1811 - 1887 Founder of Carlsberg brewery
Chiranjeevi Sarja Chiranjeevi Sarja 1980 - 2020 Actor and director
Frederic Bastiat Frederic Bastiat 1801 - 1850 Economic journalist and advocate of free trade
Ali Hassan al Majid Ali Hassan al Majid 1941 - 2010 Minister of Defense and Interior
Andi Bau Tenri Andi Bau Tenri 1935 - 2009 Poet, dramatist, activist, performer, actor
Shabbir Mirza Shabbir Mirza 1946 - 2023 Actor and comedian
Anders Hovden Anders Hovden 1860 - 1943 Lutheran minister and author
Albertus Soegijapranata Albertus Soegijapranata 1896 - 1963 Archbishop of Semarang
Simion Barnutiu Simion Barnutiu 1808 - 1864 Historian, Philosopher, Jurist
Angelique Ionatos Angelique Ionatos 1954 - 2021 Singer and composer
Valentina Levko Valentina Levko 1926 - 2018 Soviet film star and singer
Nordahl Rolfsen Nordahl Rolfsen 1848 - 1928 Writer and educationalist
Akinwunmi Isola Akinwunmi Isola 1939 - 2018 Yoruba literature
Tunde Idiagbon Tunde Idiagbon 1943 - 1999 Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters
Erik Homburger Erikson Erik Homburger Erikson 1902 - 1994 Psychosocial development theory
Iris Barbura Iris Barbura 1912 - 1969 Dancer, Choreographer
Johannes Brahms Johannes Brahms 1833 - 1897 Composer and pianist of the Romantic period
Sandford Fleming Sandford Fleming 1827 - 1915 Railway and standard time
Heinrich Boll Heinrich Boll 1917 - 1985 Writer and Nobel laureate
Polde Bibic Polde Bibic 1933 - 2012 Actor
Americo Amorim Americo Amorim 1934 - 2017 Cork industry leader
Soekarno Noer Soekarno Noer 1931 - 1986 Actor, film producer
Alexei Kosygin Alexei Kosygin 1904 - 1980 Premier of the Soviet Union
Huang Binhong Huang Binhong 1865 - 1955 Painter of the Yangzhou school
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Profile

  • 2. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 3. Ahmad Mallah, Haji

    Died: 1969 A.D
    Slogan: Quran is the word of God, the light of guidance,the source of wisdom, and the fountain of knowledge.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji was a Sindhi poet and translator of the Quran. He was born in a village called Kundi in Badin District, Sindh, in 1877. His father was Nangio Mallah, a farmer and a religious scholar. Ahmad Mallah received his early education from his father and then from various teachers in Sindh. He learned Arabic, Persian, Urdu and English languages. He also studied Islamic sciences and literature. He was a moderate Islamic scholar and a follower of the Chishti Sufi order. He wrote poetry in Sindhi and Urdu languages, and also translated some Persian and Arabic works into Sindhi. His most famous and remarkable work is his poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language, which he completed in 1958. He named it Noor-ul-Quran (The Light of the Quran). It is considered to be the first and the best poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language. It is also a masterpiece of Sindhi poetry and literature. He also wrote a commentary on his translation, explaining the meanings and interpretations of the Quranic verses. He died in 1969 and was buried in Badin.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji Profile

  • 4. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 5. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

    Stephen the Great Profile

  • 6. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 7. Plato

    Died: -347 A.D
    Slogan: The measure of a man is what he does with power.

    Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered one of the most important figures in Western philosophy. Plato was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He wrote numerous philosophical dialogues, including The Republic, which presents his vision of an ideal society. Plato's philosophy covers a wide range of topics, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. His ideas continue to be studied and debated to this day.Little is known about Plato's early life and education. He belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, modern scholars believe he was born in Athens or Aegina, between 428[10] and 423 BC. The exact time and place of birth are unknown. He was known to have worn earrings and finger rings during his youth to stand out and make himself look distinguished.The extent of Plato's affinity for jewelry while young was even characterized as "decadent" by Sextus Empiricus. Plato gives little biographical information, but refers at various points to some of his relatives with a great degree of precision, including his brothers, Adeimantus, and Glaucon, in the Plato's Republic. These and other references make it possible to reconstruct Plato's family tree.[15] Plato may have travelled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene,[16] but at 40, Plato founded a school of philosophy in Athens, the Academy, on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus,[17] named after Academus, an Attic hero in Greek mythology. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Sulla in 84 BC. Many philosophers studied at the Academy, the most prominent being Aristotle. According to Diogenes Laertius, throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse, where he attempted to replace the tyrant Dionysius,[20] with Dionysius's brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, whom Plato had recruited as one of his followers, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato almost faced death, but was sold into slavery. Anniceris, a Cyrenaic philosopher, bought Plato's freedom for twenty minas, and sent him home. After Dionysius's death, according to Plato's Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysius II, who seemed to accept Plato's teachings, but eventually became suspicious of their motives, expelling Dion and holding Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse and Dion would return to overthrow Dionysius and rule Syracuse, before being usurped by Callippus, a fellow disciple of Plato. A variety of sources have given accounts of Plato's death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript,[22] suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diogenes Laertius's reference to an account by Hermippus, a third-century Alexandrian. According to Tertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep.

    Plato Profile

  • 8. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 9. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 10. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

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