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Chrisye Chrisye 1949 - 2007 Progressive pop singer and songwriter
Muhammad Najib ar Rubai Muhammad Najib ar Rubai 1904 - 1965 President of Iraq
Aleks Buda Aleks Buda 1910 - 1993 President of the Academy of Sciences
Jean Francois Paul de Gondi Jean Francois Paul de Gondi 1613 - 1679 Archbishop of Paris and memoirist
Kristo Sulidhi Kristo Sulidhi 1858 - 1938 Photographer and writer for The Voice
Max Beckmann Max Beckmann 1884 - 1950 Painter and printmaker
Paul Hester Paul Hester 1959 - 2005 Drummer and percussionist for Split Enz
Iosif Gurko Iosif Gurko 1828 - 1901 Field marshal during the Russo-Turkish War
Ye Duzheng Ye Duzheng 1916 - 2013 Atmospheric physics, climate change,
Tran Van Huong Tran Van Huong 1902 - 1982 Politician
Kaimook Chuto Kaimook Chuto 1938 - 1995 Sculptor
Rafael Larco Hoyle Rafael Larco Hoyle 1901 - 1966 Archaeologist
Yakov Malik Yakov Malik 1906 - 1980 Diplomat
Sutan Sjahrir Sutan Sjahrir 1909 - 1966 Governor of Bank Indonesia and Minister of Finance
Bartolomeu Dias Bartolomeu Dias 1450 - 1500 Navigator and explorer
Jack Absalom Jack Absalom 1927 - 2019 Painter, author, adventurer
Mariano Eduardo de Rivero y Ustariz Mariano Eduardo de Rivero y Ustariz 1798 - 1857 scientist
Luigj Gurakuqi Luigj Gurakuqi 1879 - 1925 Writer, philosopher, activist
Lee Jong-wook Lee Jong-wook 1945 - 2006 Director-General of the World Health Organization
Ayrton Senna da Silva Ayrton Senna da Silva 1960 - 1994 Formula One driver
Joaquim Marques Lisboa Joaquim Marques Lisboa 1807 - 1897 Admiral of the Imperial Brazilian Navy
Victor Toma Victor Toma 1922 - 2008 Engineer and Scientist
Amjad Khan Amjad Khan 1940 - 1992 Hindi film actor
Gilberto Freyre Gilberto Freyre 1900 - 1987 Sociologist and writer
Nazem al-Jaafari Nazem al-Jaafari 1918 - 2015 Painter, pioneer of impressionism in Syria
Pola Negri Pola Negri 1897 - 1987 Film actress and singer
Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez 1897 - 1981 Veterinarian, professor and pharmacist
Corneliu Manescu Corneliu Manescu 1916 - 2000 Diplomat
Enrique Gonzalez Martinez Enrique Gonzalez Martinez 1871 - 1952 Poet, journalist, and diplomat
Hermann Ebbinghaus Hermann Ebbinghaus 1850 - 1909 Experimental study of memory
Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso 1881 - 1973
Isaac Boleslavsky Isaac Boleslavsky 1919 - 1977 Chess Grandmaster
Khawaja Nazimuddin Khawaja Nazimuddin 1894 - 1964 Second Governor-General and Prime Minister
Nicolae Radescu Nicolae Radescu 1874 - 1953 Military Officer, Politician
Ali Chumacero Ali Chumacero 1918 - 2010 Poet, translator, literary critic and editor
Badri Narayan Badri Narayan 1929 - 2013 Artist, illustrator, author and story-teller
Ibrahim Ibrahim -1996 - -1815 Prophet of God
Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad 1889 - 1964 Journalist, literary critic, philosopher
Mochtar Apin Mochtar Apin 1923 - 1994 Pioneering Indonesian painter, illustrator
Toju Augustus Ejueyitchie Toju Augustus Ejueyitchie 1952 - 2021 Managing Director of Premier Records and Music
Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard 1930 - 2022 Film director, screenwriter, film critic
Edward Jenner Edward Jenner 1749 - 1823 Surgeon and discoverer of smallpox vaccine
Burt Freeman Bacharach Burt Freeman Bacharach 1928 - 2023 Composer Songwriter Singer Pianist producer
Niels Henrik Abel Niels Henrik Abel 1802 - 1829 Mathematics
Aziz Ullah Haidari Aziz Ullah Haidari 1968 - 2001 Reuters correspondent
Vidya Charan Shukla Vidya Charan Shukla 1929 - 2013 Minister of Information and Broadcasting
Sitting Bull Sitting Bull 1831 - 1890 Hunkpapa Lakota leader
Lupita Tovar Lupita Tovar 1910 - 2016 Actress
Burhanuddin al-Helmy Burhanuddin al-Helmy 1911 - 1969 President of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)
Anders Hovden Anders Hovden 1860 - 1943 Lutheran minister and author
Nazim al-Kudsi Nazim al-Kudsi 1906 - 1998 President of Syria
Jeong Seon Jeong Seon 1676 - 1759 Landscape painter
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle 1666 - 1726 Electoral Princess of Hanover
Ken Takakura Ken Takakura 1931 - 2014 Yakuza and action films
Alfredo Marceneiro Alfredo Marceneiro 1891 - 1982 Fado singer
Ignacio Lopez Rayon Ignacio Lopez Rayon 1773 - 1832 Leader of the Mexican War of Independence
Andre Morellet Andre Morellet 1727 - 1819 Economist and miscellaneous writer
Ashraf Abbasi Ashraf Abbasi 1923 - 2014 Politician and first male Deputy Speaker
Eric Hobsbawm Eric Hobsbawm 1917 - 2012 Historian of industrial capitalism, socialism
Julian Marias Julian Marias 1914 - 2005 Philosopher, writer, professor and essayist
George Bradley McFarland George Bradley McFarland 1866 - 1942 Physician, Educator
Faheem Hussain Faheem Hussain 1942 - 2009 Theoretical physicist and professor
Anthony Bourdain Anthony Bourdain 1956 - 2018 American chef and presenter
Joan Fontaine Joan Fontaine 1917 - 2013 Hitchcock's leading lady
La Thoai Tan La Thoai Tan 1937 - 2008 Actor, Director
Ioan Petru Culianu Ioan Petru Culianu 1950 - 1991 Historian of Religions
Knut Hamsun Knut Hamsun 1859 - 1952 Novelist, poet, dramatist, social critic
Jorgen Skafte Rasmussen Jorgen Skafte Rasmussen 1878 - 1964 Founder of DKW and Auto Union
Sang Lee Sang Lee 1954 - 2004 Three-cushion billiards player and world champion
Lady Jane Grey Lady Jane Grey 1537 - 1554 Queen of England and Ireland for nine days
Ruben Vargas Ugarte Ruben Vargas Ugarte 1886 - 1975 Historian
Dimitrie Bolintineanu Dimitrie Bolintineanu 1819 - 1872 Poet, politician, diplomat
Vladimir Subic Vladimir Subic 1894 - 1946 Architect
Albert Finney Albert Finney 1936 - 2019 Actor of stage and screen
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui Salimuzzaman Siddiqui 1897 - 1994 Organic chemist and natural product researcher
Umberto Eco Umberto Eco 1932 - 2016 Author
Felix of Valois Felix of Valois 1127 - 1212 Co-founder of the Trinitarian Order
Abdul Aziz al Hakim Abdul Aziz al Hakim 1953 - 2009 Leader of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Daimler 1834 - 1900 Engineer, industrialist, automotive pioneer
Ismail Pasha Ismail Pasha 1830 - 1895 Khedive of Egypt and Sudan
Qaboos bin Said al Said Qaboos bin Said al Said 1940 - 2020 Sultan of Oman
Huang Binhong Huang Binhong 1865 - 1955 Painter of the Yangzhou school
Uros Krek Uros Krek 1922 - 2008 Composer
Rushdy Abaza Rushdy Abaza 1926 - 1980 Film and television actor
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 - 1564 Sculptor, Painter, Architect, Poet
Demetrius Vikelas Demetrius Vikelas 1835 - 1908 Businessman and writer
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 1931 - 2015 Missile Man of India
S. P. Jananathan S. P. Jananathan 1959 - 2021 Film director, screenwriter, producer
Gheorghe I. Bratianu Gheorghe I. Bratianu 1898 - 1953 Historian
Ch'oe Che-u Ch'oe Che-u 1824 - 1864 Founder of the Tonghak sect
Wilhelm von Homburg Wilhelm von Homburg 1940 - 2004 Actor, boxer, professional wrestler
Abu al-Wafa al-Buzjani Abu al-Wafa al-Buzjani 940 - 998 Innovator in spherical trigonometry
Yasmin Ahmad Yasmin Ahmad 1958 - 2009 Film director, writer and scriptwriter
Vicente Riva Palacio Vicente Riva Palacio 1832 - 1896 Writer, politician, military leader
James Ussher James Ussher 1581 - 1656 Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland
Sonny Okosun Sonny Okosun 1947 - 2008 Leader of the Ozzidi band
Augusto Perez Aranibar Augusto Perez Aranibar 1858 - 1948 Physician
Franz Halder Franz Halder 1884 - 1972 Chief of the Army General Staff
Mikhail Kutuzov Mikhail Kutuzov 1745 - 1813 Field marshal who repelled Napoleon's invasion
Sulaiman Layeq Sulaiman Layeq 1930 - 2020 Politician, Poet
Romanus Amuta Romanus Amuta 1943 - 2022 New Masquerade actor
Hadiya Khalaf Abbas Hadiya Khalaf Abbas 1958 - 2021 Speaker of the People's Council of Syria
Ambazhathil Karunakaran Lohithadas Ambazhathil Karunakaran Lohithadas 1955 - 2009 Screenwriter and director of Malayalam cinema
Stane Sever Stane Sever 1914 - 1970 Actor
Jozef Haller Jozef Haller 1873 - 1960 Lieutenant general of the Polish Army
Agim Ramadani Agim Ramadani 1963 - 1999 Commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army
Nelson Pereira dos Santos Nelson Pereira dos Santos 1928 - 2018 Film director
Shang Yunxiang Shang Yunxiang 1864 - 1937 Xingyiquan master
Maria Pilar Bruguera Sabat Maria Pilar Bruguera Sabat 1906 - 1994 nun and physician
Zeki Muren Zeki Muren 1931 - 1996 Turkish classical music singer and composer
Wilhelm Franz Canaris Wilhelm Franz Canaris 1887 - 1945 Chief of the Abwehr (German military intelligence)
Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 1926 - 2008 Prime Minister of Spain, Minister of Economy
Tadamichi Kuribayashi Tadamichi Kuribayashi 1891 - 1945 Commander of the Japanese garrison at the Battle
Hoca Sadeddin Efendi Hoca Sadeddin Efendi 1536 - 1599 Teacher of Sultan Murad III, Shaykh al-Islam
Ndrek Luca Ndrek Luca 1927 - 1993 Film and theatre actor and director
Addai II Giwargis Addai II Giwargis 1948 - 2022 Catholicos-Patriarch of the Ancient Church
Peter Thomson Peter Thomson 1929 - 2018 Golfer, course architect, writer
Zheng Xie Zheng Xie 1693 - 1765 Painter and calligrapher
Ana Luisa Amaral Ana Luisa Amaral 1956 - 2022 Poet, translator
Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark 1911 - 1937 Princess
Pedro Infante Pedro Infante 1917 - 1957 Ranchera singer and actor
Bartolomeo Vanzetti Bartolomeo Vanzetti 1888 - 1927
Simon Jenko Simon Jenko 1835 - 1869 Poet
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1901 - 1965 Politician
Sariamin Ismail Sariamin Ismail 1909 - 1995 Writer, editor, and political activist
Carlos Paredes Carlos Paredes 1925 - 2004 Portuguese guitar player and composer
Amar Singh Chamkila Amar Singh Chamkila 1960 - 1988 Folk Singer and Songwriter
Henriette Bui Quang Chieu Henriette Bui Quang Chieu 1906 - 2012 Medical Doctor
Erik Homburger Erikson Erik Homburger Erikson 1902 - 1994 Psychosocial development theory
Ann Woolcock Ann Woolcock 1937 - 2001 Respiratory physician and scientist
Chang Yu Sheng Chang Yu Sheng 1966 - 1997 Pop vocalist and music producer
Carlo Saba Carlo Saba 1969 - 2023 Vocalist of Kahitna
Bui Xuan Phai Bui Xuan Phai 1920 - 1988 painter
Hile Mosi Hile Mosi 1885 - 1933 Poet and philologist
Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle 1859 - 1930 Writer and physician
Jan Twardowski Jan Twardowski 1915 - 2006 Poet and Catholic priest
Malik Ishaq Malik Ishaq 1959 - 2015 Senior commander of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
Turgut Ozal Turgut Ozal 1927 - 1993 President and Prime Minister of Turkey
Ernesto de la Pena Ernesto de la Pena 1927 - 2012 Writer, translator and cultural advocate
Helen Reddy Helen Reddy 1941 - 2020 Singer and activist
Kirsten Sinding-Larsen Kirsten Sinding-Larsen 1898 - 1978 Architect
Janez Drozg Janez Drozg 1933 - 2005 Director
Umaru Dikko Umaru Dikko 1936 - 2014 Transport minister
Ismael Shah Ismael Shah 1962 - 1992 Film actor
Vu Minh Son Vu Minh Son 1981 - 2013 Singer
Henry Asbjorn Larsen Henry Asbjorn Larsen 1899 - 1964 Arctic explorer and RCMP officer
Mateiu Caragiale Mateiu Caragiale 1885 - 1936 Writer
Raul Araiza Raul Araiza 1935 - 2013 Actor and director
Raheem Ghamzada Raheem Ghamzada 1939 - 2011 Poet, Singer
Ruslan Abdulgani Ruslan Abdulgani 1914 - 2005 Minister of Information and Foreign Affairs
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 2. Edvard Grieg

    Died: 1907 A.D
    Slogan: I love the country that has given me everything

    Edvard Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist who lived from 1843 to 1907. He is widely regarded as one of the leading Romantic era composers and a pioneer of the Norwegian nationalist school of music. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, his incidental music for Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, and his Lyric Pieces for piano. He also used Norwegian folk music elements in his compositions, which helped to promote the music and culture of Norway. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, where he was influenced by Mendelssohn and Schumann, but later developed his own distinctive style. He was friends with other Scandinavian composers, such as Rikard Nordraak and Niels Gade. He married his cousin Nina Hagerup, who was a singer and an interpreter of his songs. He suffered from poor health throughout his life and died in his hometown of Bergen. He is buried there in a mountain cave overlooking the city. He is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues, buildings, and institutions named after him. His music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide and has inspired many other composers.

    Edvard Grieg Profile

  • 3. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 4. Ahmad Mallah, Haji

    Died: 1969 A.D
    Slogan: Quran is the word of God, the light of guidance,the source of wisdom, and the fountain of knowledge.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji was a Sindhi poet and translator of the Quran. He was born in a village called Kundi in Badin District, Sindh, in 1877. His father was Nangio Mallah, a farmer and a religious scholar. Ahmad Mallah received his early education from his father and then from various teachers in Sindh. He learned Arabic, Persian, Urdu and English languages. He also studied Islamic sciences and literature. He was a moderate Islamic scholar and a follower of the Chishti Sufi order. He wrote poetry in Sindhi and Urdu languages, and also translated some Persian and Arabic works into Sindhi. His most famous and remarkable work is his poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language, which he completed in 1958. He named it Noor-ul-Quran (The Light of the Quran). It is considered to be the first and the best poetic translation of the Quran in Sindhi language. It is also a masterpiece of Sindhi poetry and literature. He also wrote a commentary on his translation, explaining the meanings and interpretations of the Quranic verses. He died in 1969 and was buried in Badin.

    Ahmad Mallah, Haji Profile

  • 5. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 6. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 7. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 8. Coco Chanel

    Died: 1971 A.D
    Slogan: A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.

    Coco Chanel was a French fashion designer and businesswoman who revolutionized the style and aesthetics of women's clothing in the 20th century. She was born in a poorhouse in Saumur, France, and raised by nuns after her mother's death. She learned to sew at a young age and started her career as a milliner. She opened her first shop in Paris in 1910, selling hats and later expanding to clothing. She introduced simple, elegant, and comfortable designs that contrasted with the corseted and elaborate fashion of the time. She popularized the use of jersey fabric, tweed, and black color in women's clothing. She also created iconic accessories such as the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the interlocked-CC monogram. She launched her first perfume, Chanel No. 5, in 1921, which became one of the most famous fragrances in the world. She also designed costumes for theater and cinema, collaborating with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, and Jean Cocteau. She closed her fashion house during World War II and faced controversy for her involvement with a German officer. She returned to fashion in 1954, at the age of 71, and continued to create influential collections until her death in 1971. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in fashion history and a symbol of modern, liberated, and independent womanhood.

    Coco Chanel Profile

  • 9. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 10. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

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