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Ramesses II Ramesses II -1303 - -1213 Pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty
Maria Bashkirtseva Maria Bashkirtseva 1858 - 1884 Portraits and cityscapes
Ivan Bagramyan Ivan Bagramyan 1897 - 1982 Builder of the Transcaspian Railway, explorer
Lee Jung-seob Lee Jung-seob 1916 - 1956 Oil painter
Chaudhry Muhammad Zafarullah Khan Chaudhry Muhammad Zafarullah Khan 1893 - 1985 First Foreign Minister of Pakistan
Ye Duzheng Ye Duzheng 1916 - 2013 Atmospheric physics, climate change,
Yen Chen hsing Yen Chen hsing 1912 - 2005 president of National Taiwan University
So Sethaputra So Sethaputra 1904 - 1970 Writer, Lexicographer, Political Prisoner
Tayo Aderinokun Tayo Aderinokun 1955 - 2011 CEO of Guaranty Trust Bank
Conrad Veidt Conrad Veidt 1893 - 1943 Silent film star
Hanifa Safi Hanifa Safi 1960 - 2012 Provincial head of the Women's Affairs Ministry
Finn Ronne Finn Ronne 1899 - 1980 Antarctic explorer
Boris Yeltsin Boris Yeltsin 1931 - 2007 First president of the Russian Federation
Liam Hampson Liam Hampson 1998 - 2020 Rugby league player for Redcliffe Dolphins
Jacques Hamel Jacques Hamel 1930 - 2016 Catholic priest
Adeline genee Adeline genee 1878 - 1970 Ballet dancer
Adib Jatene Adib Jatene 1929 - 2014 cardiac surgeon
Li Keqiang Li Keqiang 1955 - 2023 premier of China
Bigas Luna Bigas Luna 1946 - 2013 Film director, designer and artist
Georges Brassens Georges Brassens 1921 - 1981 Singer-songwriter and poet
Joaquina Vedruna de Mas Joaquina Vedruna de Mas 1783 - 1854 Founder of the Carmelite Sisters of Charity
Germanus I of Constantinople Germanus I of Constantinople 634 - 740 Patriarch of Constantinople and theologian
Serm Vinicchayakul Serm Vinicchayakul 1907 - 1985 Economist, Legal Scholar
Jamil Sidqi al Zahawi Jamil Sidqi al Zahawi 1863 - 1936 Poet, philosopher, professor, critic
Ahmad Zulkifli Lubis Ahmad Zulkifli Lubis 1971 - 2022 Actor, voice actor, comedian, occupation
Gheorghe Titeica Gheorghe Titeica 1873 - 1939 Mathematician
Albert Bierstadt Albert Bierstadt 1830 - 1902 Landscape painter of the American West
Fatmawati Fatmawati 1923 - 1980 Sewing the first flag of Indonesia
Felix Christian Klein Felix Christian Klein 1849 - 1925 Mathematics professor and educator
Yevgeny Primakov Yevgeny Primakov 1929 - 2015 Prime Minister of Russia
Yen Chia kan Yen Chia kan 1905 - 1993 President of the Republic of China
Ismael Shah Ismael Shah 1962 - 1992 Film actor
Ludwik Dorn Ludwik Dorn 1954 - 2022 Deputy Prime Minister, Marshal of the Sejm
Carl Anton Larsen Carl Anton Larsen 1860 - 1924 Whaler and Antarctic explorer
Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman 1927 - 2009 Metallurgy and materials science
Anwarul Haq Anwarul Haq 1917 - 1995 Chief Justice of Pakistan and member
Antiochus Kantemir Antiochus Kantemir 1708 - 1744 poet, diplomat
Segundo de Chomon Segundo de Chomon 1871 - 1929 Film director, cinematographer, screenwriter
Miha Baloh Miha Baloh 1928 - 2022 Actor
Ivan Shishkin Ivan Shishkin 1832 - 1898 Russian landscape painter
Peter Vilhelm Carl Kyhn Peter Vilhelm Carl Kyhn 1819 - 1903 Landscape painter
Vere Gordon Childe Vere Gordon Childe 1892 - 1957 Archaeologist and philologist
Ch'oe Che-u Ch'oe Che-u 1824 - 1864 Founder of the Tonghak sect
Justinian Marina Justinian Marina 1901 - 1977 Patriarch
Helen Vlachos Helen Vlachos 1911 - 1995 Newspaper publisher and anti-junta activist
Zhu De Zhu De 1886 - 1976 Founder and leader of the Chinese Red Army
Laura Stoica Laura Stoica 1967 - 2006 singer, composer, actress
Askari Mian Irani Askari Mian Irani 1940 - 2004 Painter and art activist
Linda Christian Linda Christian 1923 - 2011 Actress
Ferit Vokopola Ferit Vokopola 1887 - 1969 Economist, politician, and co-founder
Gheorghe Mihoc Gheorghe Mihoc 1906 - 1981 Mathematician and Statistician
Le Duan Le Duan 1907 - 1986 Politician
Lavo Cermelj Lavo Cermelj 1889 - 1980 Physicist, Political Activist
Kemal Sunal Kemal Sunal 1944 - 2000 Actor and comedian
Gheorghe Vranceanu Gheorghe Vranceanu 1900 - 1979 Mathematician
Aleksander Stavre Drenova Aleksander Stavre Drenova 1872 - 1947 Poet, writer, politician
Hal Foster Hal Foster 1892 - 1982 Comic strip artist and writer
Parthamasiris Parthamasiris 50 - 114 King of Armenia
Taha Baqir Taha Baqir 1912 - 1984 Director of Iraq National Museum
Paul Baghdadlian Paul Baghdadlian 1953 - 2011 Singer, songwriter, composer, musician
Albert Speer Albert Speer 1905 - 1981 Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi
Emil Zegadlowicz Emil Zegadlowicz 1888 - 1941 Expressionist poet and novelist
Aleksandr Kharchikov Aleksandr Kharchikov 1949 - 2023 Folk singer-songwriter
Jean-Jacques Olier Jean-Jacques Olier 1608 - 1657 Founder of the Sulpicians
Altaf Fatima Altaf Fatima 1927 - 2018 Novelist, playwright, and drama writer
Edgar Papu Edgar Papu 1908 - 1993 Literary Scholar
Richard Georg Strauss Richard Georg Strauss 1864 - 1949 Composer
Sabiha Gokcen Sabiha Gokcen 1913 - 2001 World's first female fighter pilot
Arun Sarnaik Arun Sarnaik 1935 - 1984 Marathi film actor and singer
Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp 1887 - 1968 Painter, sculptor, chess player, writer
Silvestre Revueltas Silvestre Revueltas 1899 - 1940 Classical music composer and conductor
Beatrix Potter Beatrix Potter 1866 - 1943 Children's author and illustrator
Ezekiel Atang Ezekiel Atang 1973 - 2022 Senior Pastor of God's House Of Refuge
Empress Kojun Empress Kojun 1903 - 2000 Empress consort of Japan
Mario Molina Mario Molina 1943 - 2020 Physical chemist
Rasmus Loland Rasmus Loland 1861 - 1907 Children's writer
Joze Plecnik Joze Plecnik 1872 - 1957 Architect
Charles William Joseph Emile Le Gendre Charles William Joseph Emile Le Gendre 1830 - 1899 Army officer and diplomat
Phan Van Khai Phan Van Khai 1933 - 2018 Prime Minister
Kirsten Flagstad Kirsten Flagstad 1895 - 1962 Opera singer
Abdul Khaliq Hazara Abdul Khaliq Hazara 1916 - 1933 Assassin
Johannes Brahms Johannes Brahms 1833 - 1897 Composer and pianist of the Romantic period
Neville Chamberlain Neville Chamberlain 1869 - 1940 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Selim I Selim I 1470 - 1520 Ottoman sultan and caliph
Adolf Dassler Adolf Dassler 1900 - 1978 Founder of Adidas
Fazal Mahmood Fazal Mahmood 1927 - 2005 Leg spin bowler
Martin Jensen Linge Martin Jensen Linge 1894 - 1941 commander of the Norwegian Independent Company 1
Judith Kerr Judith Kerr 1923 - 2019 Children's literature
Mulla Sadra Mulla Sadra 1571 - 1640 Founder of Transcendent Theosophy
Akanu Ibiam Akanu Ibiam 1906 - 1995 Medical missionary and Governor of Eastern Region
Theodor Schwann Theodor Schwann 1810 - 1882 Physiologist and founder of modern histology
Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu 1937 - 1967 Military officer
Igor Ozim Igor Ozim 1931 - 2024 Violinist and Pedagogue
Estrellita Castro Estrellita Castro 1908 - 1983 Copla and flamenco singer and actress
Jonas Rein Jonas Rein 1760 - 1821 Priest and poet
Zhao Jiuzhang Zhao Jiuzhang 1907 - 1968 Atmospheric physics, geophysics, space physics
Afra Bukhari Afra Bukhari 1938 - 2022 Writer, columnist and journalist
Yuan Mei Yuan Mei 1716 - 1798 Poet and painter of the Qing Dynasty
Birol Unel Birol Unel 1961 - 2020 Actor
Suryatati Abdul Manan Suryatati Abdul Manan 1953 - 2021 Regent of Southeast Minahasa
Jerzy Kosinski Jerzy Kosinski 1933 - 1991 Novelist and two-time president
Vasile Suciu Vasile Suciu 1873 - 1935 Metropolitan Bishop
Faiz Mohammad Katib Hazara Faiz Mohammad Katib Hazara 1862 - 1931 Historian
Marigo Posio Marigo Posio 1882 - 1932 Embroiderer of the Albanian flag
Maqbool Ahmed Sabri Maqbool Ahmed Sabri 1945 - 2011 Qawwali singer, member of the Sabri Brothers
Gustav Winckler Gustav Winckler 1925 - 1979 Singer and musician
Alex Ekwueme Alex Ekwueme 1932 - 2017 Vice president of Nigeria
Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard 1930 - 2022 Film director, screenwriter, film critic
Seti II Seti II -1303 - -1197 Pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty
Bikash Bhattacharjee Bikash Bhattacharjee 1940 - 2006 Realist and surrealist painter
Peter Christen Asbjornsen Peter Christen Asbjornsen 1812 - 1885 Folklore collector and writer
Yi Xing Yi Xing 683 - 727 Astronomer, Buddhist monk, inventor
Ilya Sao Paulo Ilya Sao Paulo 1963 - 2023 TV and theater pioneer
Rocio Durcal Rocio Durcal 1944 - 2006 Singer actress of canción melódica ranchera genres
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Ghulam Ishaq Khan 1915 - 2006 Seventh president of Pakistan
Peter Thomson Peter Thomson 1929 - 2018 Golfer, course architect, writer
Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur 1822 - 1895 Chemist and microbiologist
Cecile Aubry Cecile Aubry 1928 - 2010 Actress, author, television screenwriter
La Thoai Tan La Thoai Tan 1937 - 2008 Actor, Director
Mircea Eliade Mircea Eliade 1907 - 1986 Historian of Religions
Arun Kumar Biswas Arun Kumar Biswas 1934 - 2015 Professor of mineral engineering
Thomas Patrick McKenna Thomas Patrick McKenna 1929 - 2011 Character actor
Samuel Willenberg Samuel Willenberg 1923 - 2016 Sonderkommando at Treblinka and participant
Amar Singh Chamkila Amar Singh Chamkila 1960 - 1988 Folk Singer and Songwriter
Ferreira Gullar Ferreira Gullar 1930 - 2016 Poet and writer
Constant Tonegaru Constant Tonegaru 1919 - 1952 poet, journalist, activist, civil servant
John Cornelius O'Callaghan John Cornelius O'Callaghan 1805 - 1883 Historian and journalist
Chief Anthony Eromosele Enahoro Chief Anthony Eromosele Enahoro 1923 - 2010 Journalist, nationalist, pro-democracy activist
Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia 1772 - 1806 Soldier and musician
Jin Yuelin Jin Yuelin 1895 - 1984 Philosopher, historian, and writer
Xuan Dieu Xuan Dieu 1916 - 1985 Poet
Mazhar Kaleem Mazhar Kaleem 1942 - 2018 Writer, playwright and broadcaster
Isao Takahata Isao Takahata 1935 - 2018 Animator, director and producer of Japanese
Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez 1873 - 1913 President of Mexico (1911-1913)
Milan Vidmar Milan Vidmar 1885 - 1962 Chess Grandmaster
Deng Guangming Deng Guangming 1907 - 1998 Religious history, Yuan Dynasty history
Adolfo Lutz Adolfo Lutz 1855 - 1940 tropical medicine and zoology
Johan Sebastian Welhaven Johan Sebastian Welhaven 1807 - 1873 Poet, critic, and art theorist
Uros Krek Uros Krek 1922 - 2008 Composer
Yash Pal Yash Pal 1926 - 2017 Cosmic rays physics, institution-building
Kenan Evren Kenan Evren 1917 - 2015 President and coup leader
Kazimierz Funk Kazimierz Funk 1884 - 1967 Biochemist
Gao Lingwen Gao Lingwen 1862 - 1945 Historian, linguist, writer
Naimatullah Khan Naimatullah Khan 1930 - 2020 Mayor of Karachi
France Preseren France Preseren 1800 - 1849 Poet
Ndrek Luca Ndrek Luca 1927 - 1993 Film and theatre actor and director
Sverre Fehn Sverre Fehn 1924 - 2009 Modernist architect
Samina Raja Samina Raja 1970 - 2021 Urban planner, food systems researcher
Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa 1840 - 1901 German Empress and Queen of Prussia
Max Gonzalez Olaechea Max Gonzalez Olaechea 1867 - 1946 Medical Doctor
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 2. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 3. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 4. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 5. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

    Stephen the Great Profile

  • 6. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 7. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 8. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 9. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 10. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

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