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Ruby Rich Ruby Rich 1888 - 1988 journalist, editor, and feminist
Ulla Pia Ulla Pia 1945 - 2020 Singer and musician
Thich Quang Do Thich Quang Do 1928 - 2020 Buddhist Monk
Risto Savin Risto Savin 1859 - 1948 Composer
S. Rajam S. Rajam 1919 - 2010 Carnatic vocalist and artist
Le Pho Le Pho 1907 - 2001 Painter
Jean Michel Basquiat Jean Michel Basquiat 1960 - 1988 Painter, graffiti artist
Pietro Kobke Krohn Pietro Kobke Krohn 1840 - 1905 Portrait painter
Elise Konstantin Hansen Elise Konstantin Hansen 1858 - 1946 Painter and ceramist
Gal Costa Gal Costa 1945 - 2022 Samba-canção singer and actress
Sabri Moudallal Sabri Moudallal 1918 - 2006 Traditional Syrian music
Zhang Luping Zhang Luping 1945 - 1998 tai chi master and professor of mathematics
Edward Jenner Edward Jenner 1749 - 1823 Surgeon and discoverer of smallpox vaccine
Louis Adamic Louis Adamic 1898 - 1951 Author
Francis de Sales Francis de Sales 1567 - 1622 Bishop of Geneva and Doctor of the Church
Jins Shamsuddin Jins Shamsuddin 1935 - 2017 Film actor, director, politician, writer
Nilawan Pintong Nilawan Pintong 1915 - 2017 Editor, Feminist
Marguerite of Valois Marguerite of Valois 1553 - 1615 Queen consort of Navarre and France
Hans E. Kinck Hans E. Kinck 1865 - 1926 Novelist, short-story writer, dramatist, essayist
Sean O Cionnaith Sean O Cionnaith 1938 - 2003 Socialist republican politician
Ashraf Abbasi Ashraf Abbasi 1923 - 2014 Politician and first male Deputy Speaker
Omar Sharif Omar Sharif 1932 - 2015 Actor
Abdul Shakoor Rashad Abdul Shakoor Rashad 1921 - 2004 Professor, Historian
Peter Cushing Peter Cushing 1913 - 1994 Actor known for his roles in Hammer horror films
Ahmad Shah Massoud Ahmad Shah Massoud 1953 - 2001 Military Commander
Konstantin Korovin Konstantin Korovin 1861 - 1939 Painter of landscapes, portraits
Jaja Anucha Ndubuisi Wachuku Jaja Anucha Ndubuisi Wachuku 1918 - 1996 First Speaker of Nigerian House of Representatives
Bartolomeu de Gusmao Bartolomeu de Gusmao 1685 - 1724 Priest and inventor
Carl Anton Larsen Carl Anton Larsen 1860 - 1924 Whaler and Antarctic explorer
Louis II, Cardinal of Guise Louis II, Cardinal of Guise 1555 - 1588 Cardinal and Archbishop of Reims
Cary Grant Cary Grant 1904 - 1986 Film actor
Mikhail Kaneev Mikhail Kaneev 1923 - 1983 Painter and art teacher
Ch'oe Che-u Ch'oe Che-u 1824 - 1864 Founder of the Tonghak sect
Mohammad Qasim Fahim Mohammad Qasim Fahim 1957 - 2014 Vice President of Afghanistan
Virgil Mazilescu Virgil Mazilescu 1942 - 1984 Poet
Tayo Akpata Tayo Akpata 1931 - 2014 Commissioner for Education, Midwestern Nigeria
Fu Ssu nien Fu Ssu nien 1896 - 1950 Historian, linguist, writer
Mahsuri binti Pandak Mayah Mahsuri binti Pandak Mayah 1760 - 1819
Ricardo Montalban Ricardo Montalban 1920 - 2009 Film and television actor
Chamroen Songkitrat Chamroen Songkitrat 1928 - 2003 Professional Boxer
Thomas Francis Ryan Thomas Francis Ryan 1872 - 1961 Businessman and sports promoter
Rashid Yassin Rashid Yassin 1931 - 2012 Iraqi journalist, poet, literary critic
Peter George Oliver Freund Peter George Oliver Freund 1936 - 2018 Theoretical Physicist
Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez 1897 - 1981 Veterinarian, professor and pharmacist
Naziha al Dulaimi Naziha al Dulaimi 1923 - 2007 founder and first president of the Iraqi Women's
Maria d'Apparecida Maria d'Apparecida 1926 - 2017 Abstract painter
Patcha Ramachandra Rao Patcha Ramachandra Rao 1942 - 2010 Metallurgy, material science and engineering
Lyudmila Gurchenko Lyudmila Gurchenko 1935 - 2011 Pop singer and actress
Charles Bukowski Charles Bukowski 1920 - 1994 Poet, novelist, short story writer, columnist
Barry Fitzgerald Barry Fitzgerald 1888 - 1961 Actor
Emperor Go-Daigo Emperor Go-Daigo 1288 - 1339 Emperor of Japan
Oswaldo Goeldi Oswaldo Goeldi 1895 - 1961 Expressionist xylographer
Mustafa Dagistanli Mustafa Dagistanli 1931 - 2022 Wrestler and politician
Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 1786 - 1861 Mother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom
Mustafa Krantja Mustafa Krantja 1921 - 2002 Conductor and composer
Giovanni Boccaccio Giovanni Boccaccio 1313 - 1375 Writer, poet
Sadao Araki Sadao Araki 1877 - 1966 General in the Imperial Japanese Army and Minister
Paul Gustave Fischer Paul Gustave Fischer 1860 - 1934 Painter of city life and bathing scenes
Alexander Opekushin Alexander Opekushin 1838 - 1923 Painter and art theorist
Olubayo Adefemi Olubayo Adefemi 1985 - 2011 Defender
Kim Young-sam Kim Young-sam 1927 - 2015 President of South Korea
Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake 1540 - 1596 Circumnavigating the globe and fighting
Niaz Ahmed Niaz Ahmed 1945 - 2000 Fast-medium bowler
Ignatius Peter IV Ignatius Peter IV 1798 - 1894 Patriarch of Antioch and head
Ferzat Jarban Ferzat Jarban 1965 - 2011 Cameraman
Remi Oyo Remi Oyo 1952 - 2014 Journalist and presidential spokesperson
Maria Tanase Maria Tanase 1913 - 1963 Singer, Actress
Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria of Saxe Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria of Saxe 1878 - 1942 Princess consort of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Jesus Jesus -4 - 33
Muhsin al-Barazi Muhsin al-Barazi 1904 - 1949 Prime Minister of Syria
Carlos Drummond de Andrade Carlos Drummond de Andrade 1902 - 1987 Poet and writer
Gjon Simoni Gjon Simoni 1936 - 1999 Albanian musicologist and composer
Anton Lajovic Anton Lajovic 1878 - 1960 Composer
Khalid bin Sultan Al Qasimi Khalid bin Sultan Al Qasimi 1980 - 2019 Qasimi fashion label
William Christopher Macdonald William Christopher Macdonald 1831 - 1917 Tobacco manufacturer and education benefactor
Antoinette Waroh Antoinette Waroh 1901 - 1991 Parliament member of East Indonesia
Sabbatai Zevi Sabbatai Zevi 1626 - 1676 Jewish mystic and messianic claimant
Enebeli Elebuwa Enebeli Elebuwa 1947 - 2012 Actor
Tunde Idiagbon Tunde Idiagbon 1943 - 1999 Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters
Anne of Brittany Anne of Brittany 1477 - 1514 Duchess of Brittany and Queen of France
Addai II Giwargis Addai II Giwargis 1948 - 2022 Catholicos-Patriarch of the Ancient Church
Yildirim Akbulut Yildirim Akbulut 1935 - 2021 Prime Minister of Turkey
Orhan Bey Orhan Bey 1281 - 1362 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Stanislaw Lem Stanislaw Lem 1921 - 2006 Science fiction writer and philosopher
Grande Otelo Grande Otelo 1915 - 1993 Actor, comedian and singer
Stylianos Pattakos Stylianos Pattakos 1912 - 2016 Military officer and junta leader
Henrik Anker Bjerregaard Henrik Anker Bjerregaard 1792 - 1842 Poet and judge
Gunhild Emanuelsen Gunhild Emanuelsen 1914 - 2006 Trade unionist and politician
Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala 1930 - 2008 Defense Minister of Egypt
Franz Halder Franz Halder 1884 - 1972 Chief of the Army General Staff
Shabaka Shabaka -712 - -696 Kushite king and founder of the 25th dynasty
Neil Hamilton Fairley Neil Hamilton Fairley 1891 - 1966 Medical researcher and army officer
Ashikaga Takauji Ashikaga Takauji 1305 - 1358 Shogun and founder of the Ashikaga shogunate
Donatello Donatello 1386 - 1466
Jose Saramago Jose Saramago 1922 - 2010 Writer and Nobel laureate
Mohammad Husni Thamrin Mohammad Husni Thamrin 1894 - 1941 Member of the Volksraad and leader
Daniel Ellsberg Daniel Ellsberg 1931 - 2023 Analyzer
Murtala Ramat Muhammed Murtala Ramat Muhammed 1938 - 1976 Head of State of Nigeria
Lech Kaczynski Lech Kaczynski 1949 - 2010 President of Poland
Gul Mohamad Zhowandai Gul Mohamad Zhowandai 1905 - 1988 Poet, Writer, Editor
Zola Amaro Zola Amaro 1891 - 1944 Operatic soprano
Ayrton Senna da Silva Ayrton Senna da Silva 1960 - 1994 Formula One driver
Abdullah Totong Mahmud Abdullah Totong Mahmud 1930 - 2010 Children's song composer
Federico Campbell Federico Campbell 1941 - 2014 Author of Tijuanenses and Transpeninsular
Yoichiro Nambu Yoichiro Nambu 1921 - 2015 Theoretical physicist
Dorothy Hill Dorothy Hill 1907 - 1997 Geologist, palaeontologist
Abhas Kumar Ganguly Abhas Kumar Ganguly 1929 - 1987 Playback singer, actor, music director
Jorgjia Filce Truja Jorgjia Filce Truja 1907 - 1994 Singer and soprano
Emad Zaki Yehya Emad Zaki Yehya 1955 - 2016 Petroleum consultant, author, professor
Thomas Rodney Berger Thomas Rodney Berger 1933 - 2021 Lawyer, Judge, Politician
Evelyn Emmet, Baroness Emmet of Amberley Evelyn Emmet, Baroness Emmet of Amberley 1899 - 1980 Member of Parliament for East Grinstead
Jin Yunpeng Jin Yunpeng 1877 - 1951 Premier of the Republic of China
Eduard Caudella Eduard Caudella 1841 - 1924 Composer
Lucas Alaman Lucas Alaman 1792 - 1853 Conservative statesman and writer
Hevrin Khalaf Hevrin Khalaf 1984 - 2019 Secretary General of the Future Syria Party
Konstantin Bogaevsky Konstantin Bogaevsky 1872 - 1943 Painter
Nguyen Binh Khiem Nguyen Binh Khiem 1491 - 1585 Magistrate, Poet, Educator
Freshta Kohistani Freshta Kohistani 1991 - 2020 Activist
Fahmida Riaz Fahmida Riaz 1946 - 2018 Poet, writer and feminist of Urdu
Franciszka Arnsztajnowa Franciszka Arnsztajnowa 1865 - 1942 Poet, playwright, and translator
Nazar ul Islam Nazar ul Islam 1939 - 1994 Film director and filmmaker
Shitao Shitao 1642 - 1707 Ink painter, calligrapher, poet, seal carver
Carmen de Burgos Carmen de Burgos 1867 - 1932 Writer, journalist, translator, pedagogue
Khan Roshan Khan Khan Roshan Khan 1914 - 1988 Civil servant, historian, biographer, author
Vladimir Skrbinsek Vladimir Skrbinsek 1902 - 1987 actor
Lavo Cermelj Lavo Cermelj 1889 - 1980 Physicist, Political Activist
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod Alexandru Vaida-Voevod 1872 - 1950 Politician
Laozi Laozi -551 - -479 Founder of Taoism
Wang Chonghui Wang Chonghui 1881 - 1958 Premier of the Republic of China
Malcolm Fraser Malcolm Fraser 1930 - 1945 Prime Minister of Australia
Ken Takakura Ken Takakura 1931 - 2014 Yakuza and action films
Anatoly Sobchak Anatoly Sobchak 1937 - 2000 Mayor of Saint Petersburg, co-author
Julia Perez Julia Perez 1980 - 2017 Actress, singer, model, announcer
Jeong Seung-hwa Jeong Seung-hwa 1929 - 2002 22nd Republic of Korea Army Chief of Staff
Hayreddin Barbarossa Hayreddin Barbarossa 1478 - 1546 Ottoman naval commander and corsair
Teresa Remiszewska Teresa Remiszewska 1928 - 2002 Sailor, journalist, political activist
Jose Maria da Silva Paranhos Junior Jose Maria da Silva Paranhos Junior 1845 - 1912 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Artemisia I of Caria Artemisia I of Caria 350 - 450 Queen of Halicarnassus and ally of Xerxes I
Chen Tingjing Chen Tingjing 1746 - 1809 Historian, reformist scholar of the Qing dynasty
Amoroso Katamsi Amoroso Katamsi 1943 - 2018 Actor, singer, performer
Milita Petrascu Milita Petrascu 1892 - 1976 Sculptor
Jack Britto Jack Britto 1926 - 2013 Cricketer
Kenzo Tange Kenzo Tange 1913 - 2005 Architect and urban planner
Liang Shiyi Liang Shiyi 1634 - 1711 Premier of the Republic of China
Christopher Hitchens Christopher Hitchens 1949 - 2011 Author, literary critic
Justinian Marina Justinian Marina 1901 - 1977 Patriarch
Clovis I Clovis I -466 - 511 King of the Franks
Anastasius I Dicorus Anastasius I Dicorus 431 - 518 Byzantine emperor
Demetrius Vikelas Demetrius Vikelas 1835 - 1908 Businessman and writer
Sean Garland Sean Garland 1934 - 2018 President of the Workers' Party of Ireland
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 2. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

  • 3. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 4. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 5. Edvard Grieg

    Died: 1907 A.D
    Slogan: I love the country that has given me everything

    Edvard Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist who lived from 1843 to 1907. He is widely regarded as one of the leading Romantic era composers and a pioneer of the Norwegian nationalist school of music. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, his incidental music for Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, and his Lyric Pieces for piano. He also used Norwegian folk music elements in his compositions, which helped to promote the music and culture of Norway. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, where he was influenced by Mendelssohn and Schumann, but later developed his own distinctive style. He was friends with other Scandinavian composers, such as Rikard Nordraak and Niels Gade. He married his cousin Nina Hagerup, who was a singer and an interpreter of his songs. He suffered from poor health throughout his life and died in his hometown of Bergen. He is buried there in a mountain cave overlooking the city. He is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues, buildings, and institutions named after him. His music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide and has inspired many other composers.

    Edvard Grieg Profile

  • 6. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 7. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 8. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

    Stephen the Great Profile

  • 9. Qaboos bin Said al Said

    Died: 2020 A.D
    Slogan: We are friends to all and enemies to none.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said was the Sultan of Oman from 1970 until his death in 2020. He was a fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said and was the longest-serving leader in the Middle East and Arab world at the time of his death. Educated in England, he served briefly in the British Army before returning to Oman. After overthrowing his father in a coup d'état, he implemented policies of modernization and ended Oman's international isolation. His reign saw a rise in living standards and development in the country, the abolition of slavery, the end of the Dhofar Rebellion, and the promulgation of Oman's constitution.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said Profile

  • 10. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

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