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Jose Emilio Pacheco Jose Emilio Pacheco 1939 - 2014 Writer, poet, critic, translator
Sun Yu Sun Yu 1900 - 1990 Film director and screenwriter
Yinka Craig Yinka Craig 1948 - 2008 Sports commentator and analyst
Matsuo Basho Matsuo Basho 1644 - 1694 Haiku poet and traveler
Huang Zongxi Huang Zongxi 1610 - 1695 Classical scholar and political theorist
David Josiah Brewer David Josiah Brewer 1837 - 1910 Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
Paulo Caruso Paulo Caruso 1949 - 2023 political cartoonist and humorist
Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven 1770 - 1827
Leonid Pasternak Leonid Pasternak 1862 - 1945 Painter, illustrator
George Orwell George Orwell 1903 - 1950 Writer, novelist, essayist, and critic
Constant Tonegaru Constant Tonegaru 1919 - 1952 poet, journalist, activist, civil servant
Pothinus Pothinus -177 - -47 Regent for Ptolemy XIII
Duc Hoan Duc Hoan 1937 - 2003 Film Director and Actress
Tancredo Neves Tancredo Neves 1910 - 1985 President-elect of Brazil
Norman Bethune Norman Bethune 1890 - 1939 Mobile blood-transfusion service
Paritala Ravindra Paritala Ravindra 1958 - 2005 Cabinet minister and MLA of Andhra Pradesh
Hasan Tahsini Hasan Tahsini 1811 - 1881 Astronomer and mathematician
Puyi Puyi 1906 - 1967 last emperor ,and puppet ruler of Manchukuo
Hovhannes Tcholakian Hovhannes Tcholakian 1919 - 2016 Archbishop of the Armenian Catholic Church
Santiago Carrillo Santiago Carrillo 1915 - 2012 Secretary-general of the Communist Party of Spain
Alec Guinness Alec Guinness 1914 - 2000 Actor of stage and screen
Carlos Drummond de Andrade Carlos Drummond de Andrade 1902 - 1987 Poet and writer
Witold Lutoslawski Witold Lutoslawski 1913 - 1994 Composer and conductor
Johann Augustin Pucher Johann Augustin Pucher 1814 - 1864 Priest, inventor, photographer
Hans E. Kinck Hans E. Kinck 1865 - 1926 Novelist, short-story writer, dramatist, essayist
Abdulkadir Kure Abdulkadir Kure 1956 - 2017 Governor of Niger State
Abdullahi Ibrahim Abdullahi Ibrahim 1939 - 2021 Federal Minister of Justice
Zdzislaw Krzyszkowiak Zdzislaw Krzyszkowiak 1929 - 2003 Runner
Shashikala Shashikala 1932 - 2021 Supporting roles in Bollywood films and TV serials
Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark 1913 - 2007 Painter
Feng Yunhe Feng Yunhe 1898 - 1988 Chemical engineer and Minister of Textile Industry
Mimi Rasinah Mimi Rasinah 1930 - 2010 Topeng dancer
Hannah Idowu Dideolu Awolowo Hannah Idowu Dideolu Awolowo 1915 - 2015 First Lady of the Western Region
Roberto Marinho Roberto Marinho 1904 - 2003 Founder and owner of Grupo Globo
Boris Yefimov Boris Yefimov 1900 - 2008 Political cartoonist
Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya 1918 - 2010 General theory of relativity, Vaidya metric
Tam Minh Pham Tam Minh Pham 1949 - 2019 Military Officer
Gustave Eiffel Gustave Eiffel 1832 - 1923 Civil engineer and architect
Andrzej Wajda Andrzej Wajda 1926 - 2016 Film and theatre director
Deven Verma Deven Verma 1937 - 2014 Actor, director and producer of Hindi cinema
Helder Camara Helder Camara 1909 - 1999 Archbishop of Olinda and Recife
Janez Jalen Janez Jalen 1891 - 1966 Writer, Priest
Adolf Galland Adolf Galland 1912 - 1996 Fighter pilot and commander
Ishfaq Ahmad Khan Ishfaq Ahmad Khan 1930 - 2018 Nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer
Buddha Buddha -564 - -483
Obafemi Awolowo Obafemi Awolowo 1909 - 1987 Premier of Western Nigeria, Federal Commissioner
Germanus of Auxerre Germanus of Auxerre 378 - 445 Bishop of Autissiodorum and defender of orthodoxy
Bertolt Brecht Bertolt Brecht 1898 - 1956 playwright
Shangguan Yunzhu Shangguan Yunzhu 1920 - 1968 Actress and singer
Yen Chen hsing Yen Chen hsing 1912 - 2005 president of National Taiwan University
Yasin al Hashimi Yasin al Hashimi 1884 - 1937 Prime Minister of Iraq
Dennis Chukude Osadebay Dennis Chukude Osadebay 1911 - 1994 Premier of Mid-Western Region of Nigeria
Jose Luis Cuevas Jose Luis Cuevas 1934 - 2017 Painter, writer, draftsman, engraver, illustrator
Francisco Cavalcanti Pontes de Miranda Francisco Cavalcanti Pontes de Miranda 1892 - 1979 Jurist, professor, diplomat, writer
Niaz Ahmed Niaz Ahmed 1945 - 2000 Fast-medium bowler
Nausheen Masud Nausheen Masud 1978 - 2023 Actor, producer, writer, and host
Gelena Velikanova Gelena Velikanova 1923 - 1998 Estrada singer and comic actor
Huang Xianfan Huang Xianfan 1899 - 1982 Zhuang studies and Chinese history
Empress Suiko Empress Suiko 554 - 628 Empress of Japan
Dionysios Solomos Dionysios Solomos 1798 - 1857 Writer of the Hymn to Liberty
Rainer Werner Fassbinder Rainer Werner Fassbinder 1945 - 1982 Director, actor, and dramatist
Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare 1950 - 2021 Former Speaker of Kaduna State House of Assembly
Badri Narayan Badri Narayan 1929 - 2013 Artist, illustrator, author and story-teller
Farhad Humayun Farhad Humayun 1978 - 2021 Founder and lead vocalist of Overload
Frances Power Cobbe Frances Power Cobbe 1822 - 1904 Writer, philosopher, social reformer
Andreas Kalvos Andreas Kalvos 1792 - 1869 Poet of the Romantic school
Alfred Wegener Alfred Wegener 1880 - 1930 Continental drift theory
Jean Bellette Jean Bellette 1908 - 1991 Painter and art teacher
Miron Bialoszewski Miron Bialoszewski 1922 - 1983 Poet, novelist, playwright, actor
Lin Dai Lin Dai 1934 - 1964 Actress and singer of Mandarin films
Kim Woo-jung Kim Woo-jung 1936 - 2019 Founder and chairman of Daewoo Group
Milka Hartman Milka Hartman 1902 - 1997 Poet and Teacher
Yongjo Yongjo 1694 - 1776 King of Joseon
Plinio Marcos Plinio Marcos 1935 - 1999 Writer, actor and playwright
Bjornstjerne Bjornson Bjornstjerne Bjornson 1832 - 1910 Writer, poet, playwright, lyricist
Govindan Aravindan Govindan Aravindan 1935 - 1991 Film director, screenwriter, musician, cartoonist
Manoel de Oliveira Manoel de Oliveira 1908 - 2015 Film director and screenwriter
Wilhelm Bendz Wilhelm Bendz 1804 - 1832 Painter
Norberto Odebrecht Norberto Odebrecht 1920 - 2014 Founder of Odebrecht Group
Bigas Luna Bigas Luna 1946 - 2013 Film director, designer and artist
Tayo Aderinokun Tayo Aderinokun 1955 - 2011 CEO of Guaranty Trust Bank
Aristides Leao Aristides Leao 1914 - 1993 experimental physicist
Fredrik Rosing Bull Fredrik Rosing Bull 1882 - 1925 Improved punched card machines
Benazir Bhutto Benazir Bhutto 1953 - 2007 First woman leader of a Muslim nation
Roald Amundsen Roald Amundsen 1872 - 1928 Polar explorer
Gamal al-Ghitani Gamal al-Ghitani 1945 - 2015 Historical and political novels and commentaries
Okita Soji Okita Soji 1802 - 1868 Captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi
Abdul Samad Rohani Abdul Samad Rohani 1982 - 2008 Journalist
Khaled Khalifa Khaled Khalifa 1964 - 2023 Novelist, screenwriter, and poet
George Bacovia George Bacovia 1881 - 1957 Poet
Wang Shizhen Wang Shizhen 1634 - 1711 Premier of the Republic of China
Ida Laila Ida Laila 1943 - 2019 Singer of dangdut and Malay music
Juan Rulfo Juan Rulfo 1917 - 1986 Author of Pedro Páramo and El Llano en llamas
Mahendran Mahendran 1939 - 2019 Film director, screenwriter and actor
Adrian Maniu Adrian Maniu 1891 - 1968 Poet, Writer
Cilla Black Cilla Black 1943 - 2015 Singer and television presenter
Peter Allen Peter Allen 1944 - 1992 singer-songwriter, musician, and entertainer
Ignatius Zakka I Ignatius Zakka I 1933 - 2014 Patriarch of Antioch and head
Povl Dissing Povl Dissing 1938 - 2022 Singer and musician
Mohammad Hashem Zamani Mohammad Hashem Zamani 1928 - 2005 Politician, Poet
Basuki Resobowo Basuki Resobowo 1916 - 1999 Painter, production designer, writer
Luis Miramontes Luis Miramontes 1925 - 2004 Synthesis of norethisterone
Adnan Menderes Adnan Menderes 1899 - 1961 Prime Minister of Turkey
Leszek Engelking Leszek Engelking 1955 - 2022 poet, short story writer, novelist, translator
Arsinoe II Arsinoe II -316 - -270 Queen of Thrace, Anatolia, Macedonia, and Egypt
Lee Boon Wang Lee Boon Wang 1934 - 2016 Landscape painter, oil painter, co-founder o
Fou Ts ong Fou Ts ong 1934 - 2020 Pianist of contemporary classical music
Poul Anker Bech Poul Anker Bech 1942 - 2009 Painter
Jawaharlal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru 1889 - 1964 First prime minister of independent
Wojciech Has Wojciech Has 1925 - 2000 Film director, screenwriter and film producer
Jalil Zaland Jalil Zaland 1935 - 2009 Singer, Composer
Masako Natsume Masako Natsume 1957 - 1985 portrayal of Tripitaka in the TV series Monkey
Petro Marko Petro Marko 1913 - 1991 Writer, translator, activist
Constantine Kanaris Constantine Kanaris 1790 - 1877 Greek naval hero and prime minister
Thich Quang Duc Thich Quang Duc 1897 - 1963 Monk
Sabiha Gokcen Sabiha Gokcen 1913 - 2001 World's first female fighter pilot
Aracy Balabanian Aracy Balabanian 1940 - 2023 Actress and theater star
Mamman Jiya Vatsa Mamman Jiya Vatsa 1940 - 1986 Minister of the Federal Capital Abuja
Gunter Meisner Gunter Meisner 1926 - 1994 Character actor
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Johann Friedrich Blumenbach 1752 - 1840 Anthropologist and naturalist
Joe Cocker Joe Cocker 1944 - 2014 Blues-rock singer, songwriter, and musician
Emperor Komei Emperor Komei 1831 - 1867 Emperor of Japan
Farhat Ezekiel Nadira Farhat Ezekiel Nadira 1932 - 2006 Playing seductive and glamorous roles
Chen Yumei Chen Yumei 1910 - 1985 Actress and singer
Taworn Jirapan Taworn Jirapan 1939 - 2014 Cyclist
Ismael Shah Ismael Shah 1962 - 1992 Film actor
Franklin Knight Lane Franklin Knight Lane 1864 - 1921 Secretary of the Interior
Kuzma Petrov Vodkin Kuzma Petrov Vodkin 1878 - 1939 Symbolist painter and writer
Tudor Arghezi Tudor Arghezi 1880 - 1967 Poet, writer
Kristofer Uppdal Kristofer Uppdal 1878 - 1961 Poet and author
Thomaz Soares da Silva Thomaz Soares da Silva 1921 - 2002 Attacking midfielder
Maria Filotti Maria Filotti 1883 - 1956 Actress
Farooq Leghari Farooq Leghari 1940 - 2010 Eighth president of Pakistan ,last general
Liu-Wang Liming Liu-Wang Liming 1932 - 2006 Biophysicist and molecular biologist
Antonio Inoki Antonio Inoki 1943 - 2022 Professional wrestler and mixed martial artist
Hoang Van Chi Hoang Van Chi 1913 - 1988 Author
Jamila Hashmi Jamila Hashmi 1929 - 1988 Novelist, playwright, and drama writer
Luo Zhenyu Luo Zhenyu 1866 - 1940 Classical scholar and epigrapher
Erwin Rommel Erwin Rommel 1891 - 1944 Military General
Pham Duy Pham Duy 1921 - 2013 Songwriter
Emilia Saulea Emilia Saulea 1904 - 1998 Paleontologist
Nicholas Roerich Nicholas Roerich 1874 - 1947 Avant-garde artist and explorer
Maurice Paul Krafft Maurice Paul Krafft 1946 - 1991 Volcanologist
Cornelio Reyna Cornelio Reyna 1940 - 1997 Regional Mexican singer, composer and actor
Pina Bausch Pina Bausch 1940 - 2009 Tanztheater Wuppertal founder and director
Pierre Guillaume Frederic le Play Pierre Guillaume Frederic le Play 1806 - 1882 Sociologist and engineer
Sid Vicious Sid Vicious 1957 - 1979 Bassist for the Sex Pistols
Eugenio Lucas Velazquez Eugenio Lucas Velazquez 1817 - 1870 Romantic painter
Sarah Hegazi Sarah Hegazi 1989 - 2020 IT specialist
Mamdouh Adwan Mamdouh Adwan 1941 - 2004 Poet, writer and translator
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 2. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 3. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 4. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 5. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 6. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 7. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 8. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

    Faisal I of Iraq Profile

  • 9. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 10. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

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