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Joe Tamuno-Bididamaa Tom West Joe Tamuno-Bididamaa Tom West 1965 - 2006 Nollywood actor
Kon Ichikawa Kon Ichikawa 1915 - 2008 Film director and screenwriter
Abraham Palatnik Abraham Palatnik 1928 - 2020 Abstract artist and inventor
Markis Kido Markis Kido 1984 - 2021 Badminton player and coach
Reginald Fessenden Reginald Fessenden 1866 - 1932 Radio and sonar
Irena Sendler Irena Sendler 1910 - 2008 Social worker and nurse
Abdul Aziz al Hakim Abdul Aziz al Hakim 1953 - 2009 Leader of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
Afonso Augusto da Costa Afonso Augusto da Costa 1871 - 1937 Prime Minister & leader of the Portuguese Republic
Taufiq Wahby Taufiq Wahby 1891 - 1984 Kurdish writer and army officer
Felix Dupanloup Felix Dupanloup 1802 - 1878 Bishop of Orléans, leader of Liberal Catholicism
Henryk Sienkiewicz Henryk Sienkiewicz 1846 - 1916 Novelist and journalist
Montserrat Caballe Montserrat Caballe 1933 - 2018 Opera singer
Michael Iheonukara Okpara Michael Iheonukara Okpara 1920 - 1984 Premier of Eastern Nigeria
Amjad Sabri Amjad Sabri 1976 - 2016 Qawwali singer and Sufi proponent
Titu Liviu Maiorescu Titu Liviu Maiorescu 1840 - 1917 Critic and politician
Empress Suiko Empress Suiko 554 - 628 Empress of Japan
Serm Vinicchayakul Serm Vinicchayakul 1907 - 1985 Economist, Legal Scholar
Francisco Gento Francisco Gento 1933 - 2022 Footballer
Hysen Hakani Hysen Hakani 1932 - 2011 Albanian film director and screenwriter
Jakob Aljaz Jakob Aljaz 1845 - 1927 Priest, Composer, Mountaineer
Gombloh Gombloh 1948 - 1988 Balada singer and songwriter
Christodoulos Paraskevaidis Christodoulos Paraskevaidis 1939 - 2008 Archbishop of Athens and All Greece
Henryk Arctowski Henryk Arctowski 1871 - 1958 Polar and Antarctic researcher
Francisco Franco Francisco Franco 1892 - 1975 Leader of the Nationalist forces
Emil Racovita Emil Racovita 1868 - 1947 Biologist, Explorer
Suwat Woradilok Suwat Woradilok 1923 - 2007 Writer, National Artist
Miguel Moreno Arreola Miguel Moreno Arreola 1921 - 2005 Military pilot
Augusto Huaman Velasco Augusto Huaman Velasco 1924 - 1998 Physician
Khun Wichitmatra Khun Wichitmatra 1897 - 1980 Writer, Film Director
Abdullah Ansari Abdullah Ansari 1006 - 1088 Poet, mystic, scholar, commentator of the Quran
Sarunyoo Wongkrachang Sarunyoo Wongkrachang 1960 - 2020 Actor, Director
Ryu Ryu Ko Ryu Ryu Ko 1793 - 1882 Fujian White Crane Kung Fu master
Hoang Tuy Hoang Tuy 1927 - 2019 Mathematician
Max Bruch Max Bruch 1838 - 1920 Composer of violin concertos and other works
Badr Shakir al Sayyab Badr Shakir al Sayyab 1926 - 1964 Poet, journalist, publisher, translator
Dejan Bravnicar Dejan Bravnicar 1937 - 2018 Violinist
Nani Widjaja Nani Widjaja 1944 - 2023 Actress and model
Ayyash Al-Haj Hussein Al-Jassim Ayyash Al-Haj Hussein Al-Jassim 1864 - 1926 fighter against French occupation
Joanna Chmielewska Joanna Chmielewska 1932 - 2013 Novelist and screenwriter
Mohammad Daoud Khan Mohammad Daoud Khan 1909 - 1978 President
Vangjush Mio Vangjush Mio 1891 - 1957 Painter and teacher
Youssef Chahine Youssef Chahine 1926 - 2008 Film director, actor, writer and producer
Charles de Foucauld Charles de Foucauld 1858 - 1916 Catholic priest
Mentor Xhemali Mentor Xhemali 1926 - 1992 Singer and composer
Iosif Constantin Dragan Iosif Constantin Dragan 1917 - 2008 Businessman, Historian
Hubert Ogunde Hubert Ogunde 1916 - 1990 Theatre manager and musician
Indra Sen Johar Indra Sen Johar 1920 - 1984 Comedian, actor, writer, producer and director
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare 1564 - 1616 Playwright, poet, actor
Moshe Barazani Moshe Barazani 1926 - 1947 Member of Lehi underground movement
MUnir Ozkul MUnir Ozkul 1925 - 2018 Theater and cinema actor
Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 1918 - 2004 Former Ruler of AbuDhabi,Founding President of UAE
Mikhail Mikeshin Mikhail Mikeshin 1835 - 1896 Outdoor statues in the major cities
Sepp Dietrich Sepp Dietrich 1892 - 1966 SS commander and Nazi politician
Mahmud II Mahmud II 1785 - 1839 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Zerefeh Bashur Zerefeh Bashur 1884 - 1968 First female licensed physician in the Levant
Arnstein Arneberg Arnstein Arneberg 1882 - 1961 Architect of Oslo City Hall
Marc Bolan Marc Bolan 1947 - 1977 Glam rock pioneer and T. Rex frontman
Sun Daolin Sun Daolin 1921 - 2007 Actor and film director
Justus Esiri Justus Esiri 1942 - 2013 Actor
Johan Laurentz Jensen Johan Laurentz Jensen 1800 - 1856 Flower painter
George I of Great Britain George I of Great Britain 1660 - 1727 King of Great Britain and Ireland
Rani Lakshmi Bai Rani Lakshmi Bai 1828 - 1858 Queen of Jhansi and leader
Vanchak Voradilok Vanchak Voradilok 1934 - 2017 Sprinter
Aktham Naisse Aktham Naisse 1951 - 2022 Human rights defender
Kim Ja-ok Kim Ja-ok 1951 - 2014 actress
Aleksandr Baryatinsky Aleksandr Baryatinsky 1815 - 1879 Military leader in the Napoleonic Wars
Hassan Sadpara Hassan Sadpara 1964 - 2016 Mountaineer and adventurer
Bronislaw Geremek Bronislaw Geremek 1932 - 2008 Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland
Pandeli Sotiri Pandeli Sotiri 1843 - 1892 Literary historian and writer
Ojo Arowosafe Ojo Arowosafe 1957 - 2023 Nollywood actor and filmmaker
Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi 1918 - 2010 Former Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah.
Yusuf Zaarur Yusuf Zaarur 1902 - 1969 Qanun player, director of Radio Orchestra
Sophus Bugge Sophus Bugge 1833 - 1907 Professor of comparative philology and Old Norse
Sun Baoqi Sun Baoqi 1867 - 1931 Premier of the Republic of China
Jeronimo Arango Jeronimo Arango 1927 - 2020 Co-founder of Aurrerá supermarket chain
Puttanna Kanagal Puttanna Kanagal 1933 - 1985 Film director, producer, screenwriter
Ctesibius of Alexandria Ctesibius of Alexandria -285 - -222 Father of pneumatics
Robert Gordon Menzies Robert Gordon Menzies 1894 - 1978 Prime Minister of Australia and founder
Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland 1866 - 1926 Architect and professor of building art
Paul Hester Paul Hester 1959 - 2005 Drummer and percussionist for Split Enz
Christopher Ifekandu Okigbo Christopher Ifekandu Okigbo 1932 - 1967 Poet, teacher, librarian
Hebe Camargo Hebe Camargo 1929 - 2012 TV host, singer and actress
Enrico Cecchetti Enrico Cecchetti 1850 - 1928 Ballet dancer
Mitrush Kuteli Mitrush Kuteli 1907 - 1967 Writer, translator, economist
Tawfiq al Suwaidi Tawfiq al Suwaidi 1892 - 1968 Prime Minister of Iraq
Nagisa Oshima Nagisa Oshima 1932 - 2013 Film director and screenwriter
Sompote Sands Sompote Sands 1941 - 2021 Filmmaker
James Henry Cousins James Henry Cousins 1873 - 1956 Writer, actor, critic, editor, teacher and poet
Stefania Maracineanu Stefania Maracineanu 1882 - 1944 Physicist
Miron Cristea Miron Cristea 1868 - 1939 Patriarch
Patrick White Patrick White 1912 - 1990 Writing novels that explore the human condition
Rakhshanda Khattak Rakhshanda Khattak 1947 - 2011 Model and actress
Frederick William I of Prussia Frederick William I of Prussia 1688 - 1740 King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg
Ahmad Syech Albar Ahmad Syech Albar 1946 - 2021 Rock singer and vocalist of God Bless
Sriwati Masmundari Sriwati Masmundari 1904 - 2005 Topeng dancer and damar kurung painter
Ferzat Jarban Ferzat Jarban 1965 - 2011 Cameraman
Alexandru Averescu Alexandru Averescu 1859 - 1938 Prime Minister
El Greco El Greco 1541 - 1614 Painter and architect of the Spanish Renaissance
Greedy Smith Greedy Smith 1956 - 2019 Vocalist, keyboardist, harmonicist and songwriter
Moses Olaiya Moses Olaiya 1936 - 2018 Comedy and drama
Akram Shammaa Akram Shammaa 1930 - 2012 Prince of Zengid dynasty, opposition leader
Mary of Guise Mary of Guise 1515 - 1560 Queen consort and regent of Scotland
Abd al-Razzaq al-Dandashi Abd al-Razzaq al-Dandashi 1899 - 1935 Founder of League of Nationalist Action
Abdul Qadir Abdul Qadir 1955 - 2019 Leg spin bowler
Jeanna Friske Jeanna Friske 1974 - 2015 Pop singer and actress
Necla Hibetullah Sultan Necla Hibetullah Sultan 1926 - 2006 Ottoman and Egyptian royalty
Julij Betetto Julij Betetto 1885 - 1963 Bass singer
Ivan Paskevich Ivan Paskevich 1782 - 1856 Field marshal who repelled Napoleon's invasion
Nguyen Trong Tri Nguyen Trong Tri 1912 - 1940 Poet
Sunday Akanbi Akinola Sunday Akanbi Akinola 1942 - 2023 Actor and comedian
Tamara Miansarova Tamara Miansarova 1931 - 2017 Soviet pop and soprano singer
Anecy Rocha Anecy Rocha 1942 - 1977 Actress of cinema, television and theater
Filippo Brunelleschi Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 - 1446 Architecture, sculpture, mechanical engineering
Ruhana Kuddus Ruhana Kuddus 1884 - 1972 First female Indonesian journalist
Nikolai Baskakov Nikolai Baskakov 1918 - 1993 Painter
Alexandros Koumoundouros Alexandros Koumoundouros 1815 - 1883 Prime Minister of Greece
Ahmed Sefik Midhat Pasha Ahmed Sefik Midhat Pasha 1822 - 1883 Grand Vizier and author of the Ottoman Constitutio
Luisa Todi Luisa Todi 1753 - 1833 Mezzo-soprano opera singer
Shane Warne Shane Warne 1969 - 2022 Cricket legend and leg spin bowler
Christopher Gable Christopher Gable 1940 - 1998 Ballet dancer, choreographer and actor
Marka Gjoni Marka Gjoni 1861 - 1925 Editor of Drita and The Adriatic Review
Ali Dino Ali Dino 1890 - 1938 Cartoonist and Member of the Greek Parliament
Konstantin Korovin Konstantin Korovin 1861 - 1939 Painter of landscapes, portraits
Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse 1868 - 1937 Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Amirmachmud Amirmachmud 1923 - 1995 Minister of Home Affairs and Speaker
Narinder Singh Kapany Narinder Singh Kapany 1926 - 2020 Fiber optics, lasers, solar energy
Elijah Harper Elijah Harper 1949 - 2013 Politician
Zaitao Zaitao 1887 - 1970 Military leader and diplomat
John XXII John XXII 1244 - 1334 Pope and theologian
Hunein Maassab Hunein Maassab 1926 - 2014 Epidemiologist
Alberto Cavalcanti Alberto Cavalcanti 1897 - 1982 Film director and producer
Mazhar Kaleem Mazhar Kaleem 1942 - 2018 Writer, playwright and broadcaster
Bing Slamet Bing Slamet 1927 - 1974 Singer, comedian, actor
Laura Esther Rodriguez Dulanto Laura Esther Rodriguez Dulanto 1872 - 1919 Physician
Chikezie Uwazie Chikezie Uwazie 1978 - 2023 Nollywood actor
Muhammad Anwar Khan Muhammad Anwar Khan 1915 - 2005 Engineer officer and engineer in chief of Army
Shankar Nag Shankar Nag 1954 - 1990 Actor and director in Kannada cinema
Barrington Pheloung Barrington Pheloung 1954 - 2019 Composer and conductor
Jaime Torres Bodet Jaime Torres Bodet 1902 - 1974 Writer, diplomat and educator
Feng Guozhang Feng Guozhang 1859 - 1919 President of the Republic of China
Crown Prince Sado Crown Prince Sado 1735 - 1762 Regent of Joseon
Marlene Dietrich Marlene Dietrich 1901 - 1992 Movie star and cabaret performer
Gheorghe Vranceanu Gheorghe Vranceanu 1900 - 1979 Mathematician
Honorio Delgado Honorio Delgado 1892 - 1969 Psychiatrist
Jaya Prakash Reddy Jaya Prakash Reddy 1946 - 2020 Actor
Uppalapati Venkata Krishnam Raju Uppalapati Venkata Krishnam Raju 1940 - 2022 Actor and politician, appeared
Rui Barbosa Rui Barbosa 1849 - 1923 Writer, diplomat, orator
Ito Hirobumi Ito Hirobumi 1841 - 1909 Prime Minister of Japan and genrō
Lou Wen ngau Lou Wen ngau 1919 - 1960 Long-distance runner
Vilhelm Dahlerup Vilhelm Dahlerup 1836 - 1907 Architect of many buildings in Copenhagen
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

  • 2. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 3. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

    Faisal I of Iraq Profile

  • 4. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 5. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 6. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 7. Edvard Grieg

    Died: 1907 A.D
    Slogan: I love the country that has given me everything

    Edvard Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist who lived from 1843 to 1907. He is widely regarded as one of the leading Romantic era composers and a pioneer of the Norwegian nationalist school of music. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, his incidental music for Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, and his Lyric Pieces for piano. He also used Norwegian folk music elements in his compositions, which helped to promote the music and culture of Norway. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, where he was influenced by Mendelssohn and Schumann, but later developed his own distinctive style. He was friends with other Scandinavian composers, such as Rikard Nordraak and Niels Gade. He married his cousin Nina Hagerup, who was a singer and an interpreter of his songs. He suffered from poor health throughout his life and died in his hometown of Bergen. He is buried there in a mountain cave overlooking the city. He is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues, buildings, and institutions named after him. His music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide and has inspired many other composers.

    Edvard Grieg Profile

  • 8. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 9. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 10. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

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