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Alfred Wegener Alfred Wegener 1880 - 1930 Continental drift theory
Netrnoi Sor Vorasingh Netrnoi Sor Vorasingh 1959 - 1982 Professional Boxer
Agustin de Iturbide Agustin de Iturbide 1783 - 1824 First emperor of Mexico
Jagjit Singh Jagjit Singh 1941 - 2011 Ghazal singer
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 1809 - 1865 Founder of mutualism and anarchism
Eugenia Popescu-Judet Eugenia Popescu-Judet 1925 - 2011 Dancer, Choreographer
Octavian Goga Octavian Goga 1881 - 1938 Politician, Poet
Cezar Bolliac Cezar Bolliac 1813 - 1881 Poet
Win Mortimer Win Mortimer 1919 - 1998 Comic strip artist and writer
Kamal al-Qassab Kamal al-Qassab 1853 - 1954 founder of the Syrian Higher National Committee
Sven Moren Sven Moren 1871 - 1908 Poet and playwright
Caspar David Friedrich Caspar David Friedrich 1774 - 1840 Romantic landscape painter
Vasile Alecsandri Vasile Alecsandri 1821 - 1890 Poet, Playwright, Politician, Diplomat
Chad Allan Chad Allan 1943 - 2023 Singer-songwriter
Yasuko Namba Yasuko Namba 1949 - 1996 Businesswoman and climber
Saif bin Sultan II Saif bin Sultan II 1706 - 1743 Imam
Abdullah I bin Al Hussein Abdullah I bin Al Hussein 1882 - 1951 First ruler of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Thurstan of Bayeux Thurstan of Bayeux 1070 - 1140 Archbishop of York
Chica Xavier Chica Xavier 1932 - 2020 Actress and theater star
Mohammed Aziz Mohammed Aziz 1954 - 2018 Playback Singer
Ieoh Ming Pei Ieoh Ming Pei 1917 - 2019 Architect of modern buildings and complexes
Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark 1914 - 2001 Princess of Hesse-Kassel and Hanover
Irene Lisboa Irene Lisboa 1892 - 1958 Writer, teacher and pedagogue
Abu al-Mughith al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj Abu al-Mughith al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj 858 - 922 Mystic, poet, teacher of Sufism
Siva Brata Bhattacherjee Siva Brata Bhattacherjee 1921 - 2003 Professor of physics at the University
Theodosius the Cenobiarch Theodosius the Cenobiarch 423 - 529 organizer of the cenobitic way of monastic life
Vladimir Bartol Vladimir Bartol 1903 - 1967 Writer
Ada Ameh Ada Ameh 1974 - 2022 Actress
Theodor W. Adorno Theodor W. Adorno 1903 - 1969 philosopher, sociologist, and music critic
Iosif Constantin Dragan Iosif Constantin Dragan 1917 - 2008 Businessman, Historian
Zhang Tingyu Zhang Tingyu 1672 - 1755 Minister of Justice and historian
Agnieszka Osiecka Agnieszka Osiecka 1936 - 1997 Poet, writer, author,film director and journalist
Janusz Kupcewicz Janusz Kupcewicz 1955 - 2022 Midfielder
Fernando Pessoa Fernando Pessoa 1888 - 1935 Modernist poet and writer
Jean du Vergier de Hauranne Jean du Vergier de Hauranne 1581 - 1643 Jansenism leader
Nadine Gordimer Nadine Gordimer 1923 - 2014
Peter Enahoro Peter Enahoro 1935 - 2023 Journalist and author
Sophus Bugge Sophus Bugge 1833 - 1907 Professor of comparative philology and Old Norse
John Philoponus John Philoponus 490 - 570 Aristotelian commentator, Christian apologist
Ivan Khrutsky Ivan Khrutsky 1810 - 1885 Painter of still lifes and portraits
Rushdi al-Kikhya Rushdi al-Kikhya 1899 - 1987 Founder of the People's Party
Frederic Passy Frederic Passy 1822 - 1912 Economist and advocate of international
Zbigniew Namyslowski Zbigniew Namyslowski 1939 - 2022 Jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger
Hevrin Khalaf Hevrin Khalaf 1984 - 2019 Secretary General of the Future Syria Party
Franz Halder Franz Halder 1884 - 1972 Chief of the Army General Staff
Jose Mojica Marins Jose Mojica Marins 1936 - 2020 Horror filmmaker and actor
Khurto Hajji Ismail Khurto Hajji Ismail 1933 - 1855 Islamic scholar and astronomer
Abdul Razak Hussein Abdul Razak Hussein 1922 - 1976 Prime Minister of Malaysia
Jose Ferraz de Almeida Junior Jose Ferraz de Almeida Junior 1850 - 1899 Painter
Ahmed Rushdi Ahmed Rushdi 1934 - 1983 Folk singer and musician
Izzat Traboulsi Izzat Traboulsi 1913 - 2000 Governor of the Central Bank of Syria
Gavriil Gorelov Gavriil Gorelov 1880 - 1966 Painter and art teacher
Ivan Paskevich Ivan Paskevich 1782 - 1856 Field marshal who repelled Napoleon's invasion
Hippocrates Hippocrates -460 - -370 Father of medicine
Betty Cuthbert Betty Cuthbert 1938 - 2017 Olympic champion
Mihal Zallari Mihal Zallari 1889 - 1964 Editor of Drita and The Adriatic Review
Pak Kyongni Pak Kyongni 1926 - 2008 Novelist
Helena Rojo Helena Rojo 1944 - 2024 Telenovela star
Louis Cheikho Louis Cheikho 1859 - 1927 Jesuit, historian and Arabist
Anjuman Shehzadi Anjuman Shehzadi 1987 - 2011 Stage and film actress
Maruja Mallo Maruja Mallo 1902 - 1995 Painter
Eduardo Lourenco de Faria Eduardo Lourenco de Faria 1923 - 2020 Essayist, professor, critic, philosopher, writer
Nizami Ganjavi Nizami Ganjavi 1141 - 1209 Poet, mystic, traveler, philosopher
Nils Collett Vogt Nils Collett Vogt 1864 - 1937 Poet and writer
Khun Wichitmatra Khun Wichitmatra 1897 - 1980 Writer, Film Director
Theophylact Simocatta Theophylact Simocatta -585 - -640 Byzantine historiographer
Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti 1876 - 1924 Writer and poet
Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus 12 - 41 Roman emperor
Fernando Silva Santisteban Fernando Silva Santisteban 1929 - 2006 Historian, anthropologist, professor
Larisa Avdeyeva Larisa Avdeyeva 1925 - 2013 Soviet film star and singer
Thich Thien-An Thich Thien-An 1925 - 1980 Zen Buddhist monk
John Wesley John Wesley 1703 - 1791 Theologian, evangelist, and founder of Methodism
Luis Ocana Luis Ocana 1945 - 1994 Road bicycle racer
Roald Aas Roald Aas 1928 - 2012 Speed skater and cyclist
Huner Coskuner Huner Coskuner 1963 - 2021 Classical Turkish music
Kristo Negovani Kristo Negovani 1875 - 1905 Author of Istori e dhiatësë vietërë
Octavio Paz Octavio Paz 1914 - 1998 Poet, Diplomat
Eduardo Campos Eduardo Campos 1965 - 2014 Governor of Pernambuco
Lionel Guy d'Artois Lionel Guy d'Artois 1917 - 1999 SOE Agent, Military Officer
Gerd Muller Gerd Muller 1945 - 2021 football player
Grigoras Dinicu Grigoras Dinicu 1889 - 1949 Violin virtuoso and composer
Tommy Prince Tommy Prince 1915 - 1977 Soldier and Advocate
Sultan Mohammad Khan Sultan Mohammad Khan 1795 - 1861 Emir of Afghanistan
Adolfo Suarez Adolfo Suarez 1932 - 2014 Prime minister of Spain, president of the Union
Marie Bell Marie Bell 1900 - 1985 Tragedian, comic actor, stage director
Leo Strauss Leo Strauss 1899 - 1973 Political philosopher and classical scholar
Edgar Manas Edgar Manas 1875 - 1964 Composer, conductor and musicologist
Ibrahim Erkal Ibrahim Erkal 1966 - 2017 Singer, songwriter, composer and actor
Francisco de Zurbaran Francisco de Zurbaran 1598 - 1664 Landscape painter with figures
Mary Shelley Mary Shelley 1797 - 1851 Novelist, editor, biographer
Hijab Imtiaz Ali Hijab Imtiaz Ali 1908 - 1999 Writer, editor, pilot
Sunday Akanbi Akinola Sunday Akanbi Akinola 1942 - 2023 Actor and comedian
George Stephenson George Stephenson 1781 - 1848 Railroad locomotive inventor
Jesus Jesus -4 - 33
Rudolf Cvetko Rudolf Cvetko 1880 - 1977 Fencer
James Ussher James Ussher 1581 - 1656 Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland
Fu Baoshi Fu Baoshi 1904 - 1965 Chinese ink painting, religious history
Ch ien Mu Ch ien Mu 1895 - 1990 Chinese history, intellectual history
Thomas Leopold Willson Thomas Leopold Willson 1860 - 1915 Inventor of the electric arc furnace
Francis I of France Francis I of France 1494 - 1547 king of France and patron of the arts
Klaus Fuchs Klaus Fuchs 1911 - 1988 Nuclear physicist and Soviet spy
Wladyslaw Bartoszewski Wladyslaw Bartoszewski 1922 - 2015 Historian, journalist, politician
Jacob Breda Bull Jacob Breda Bull 1853 - 1930 Author, journalist and editor
Defne Joy Foster Defne Joy Foster 1975 - 2011 Actress, presenter, VJ
George Lawrence Price George Lawrence Price 1892 - 1918 Soldier
Psamtik III Psamtik III -567 - -525 Last pharaoh of the 26th dynasty of Egypt
Emperor Suinin Emperor Suinin -69 - 7 Emperor of Japan
Agustin Lara Agustin Lara 1897 - 1970 Composer and performer of songs and boleros
Faisal II of Iraq Faisal II of Iraq 1935 - 1958 Last King of Iraq
Nausheen Masud Nausheen Masud 1978 - 2023 Actor, producer, writer, and host
Srinivasa Ramanujan Srinivasa Ramanujan 1887 - 1920 Mathematical genius
Hussein bin Ali Hashami Hussein bin Ali Hashami 1854 - 1931 Sharif and Emir of Mecca, King of Hejaz
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt 1882 - 1945 President of the United States
Michael Faraday Michael Faraday 1791 - 1867 Physicist and chemist
Sacha Distel Sacha Distel 1933 - 2004 Singer, guitarist, songwriter and actor
Frank Calder Frank Calder 1915 - 2006 Politician
Mina Mangal Mina Mangal 1992 - 2019 Political Advisor
Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih 1925 - 2004 Actress
Jose Tola Pasquel Jose Tola Pasquel 1914 - 1999 engineer
George Georgescu George Georgescu 1887 - 1964 Conductor
Masako Natsume Masako Natsume 1957 - 1985 portrayal of Tripitaka in the TV series Monkey
Saadallah Wannous Saadallah Wannous 1941 - 1997 Playwright, writer and editor on Arabic theater
Georgios Papanikolaou Georgios Papanikolaou 1883 - 1962 Medical Innovator
Elizabeth Woodville Elizabeth Woodville 1437 - 1492 Queen consort of Edward IV and mother of Edward V
Kim Woo-jung Kim Woo-jung 1936 - 2019 Founder and chairman of Daewoo Group
Wilhelm Franz Canaris Wilhelm Franz Canaris 1887 - 1945 Chief of the Abwehr (German military intelligence)
Annie Jean Macnamara Annie Jean Macnamara 1899 - 1968 Medical doctor and scientist on poliomyelitis
Che Lan Vien Che Lan Vien 1920 - 1989 Poet
Pierre Cauchon Pierre Cauchon 1371 - 1442 Bishop of Beauvais and judge of Joan of Arc
Enomoto Takeaki Enomoto Takeaki 1836 - 1908 Naval officer and statesman
Sayed Yousuf Halim Sayed Yousuf Halim 1959 - 2022 Judge
Anton Medan Anton Medan 1957 - 2021 Former robber and gambling tycoon
Albert Camus Albert Camus 1913 - 1960 Existentialist philosopher and novelist
Keizo Obuchi Keizo Obuchi 1937 - 2000 Prime Minister of Japan
Louis XIV Louis XIV 1638 - 1715 King of France and Navarre
Irena Sendler Irena Sendler 1910 - 2008 Social worker and nurse
James Muir Auld James Muir Auld 1879 - 1942 Painter and illustrator
Pancho Villa Pancho Villa 1878 - 1923 General in the Mexican Revolution
Jalil Zaland Jalil Zaland 1935 - 2009 Singer, Composer
Feodor Tolstoy Feodor Tolstoy 1782 - 1846 Adventurer and duelist
Jonas Lie Jonas Lie 1833 - 1908 Novelist, poet, and playwright
Phan Khac Suu Phan Khac Suu 1893 - 1970 Politician
Dadullah Akhund Dadullah Akhund 1966 - 2007 Taliban's senior military commander
Henri Coanda Henri Coanda 1886 - 1972 Engineer, Physicist, Inventor
Constantine Kanaris Constantine Kanaris 1790 - 1877 Greek naval hero and prime minister
Tadeusz Boy-Zelenski Tadeusz Boy-Zelenski 1874 - 1941 Writer and translator of French literature
Panajot Pano Panajot Pano 1939 - 2010 Forward
Frederick Ross Johnson Frederick Ross Johnson 1931 - 2016 CEO of RJR Nabisco
William Lyon Mackenzie William Lyon Mackenzie 1795 - 1861 Journalist, Politician
Bob Hasan Bob Hasan 1931 - 2020 Real estate developer
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

  • 2. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

    Vo Nguyen Giap Profile

  • 3. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 4. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

    Died: 1938 A.D
    Slogan: Peace at home, peace in the world

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish soldier, statesman, and reformer who is widely regarded as the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey. He rose to prominence as a military commander in the Ottoman army during World War I, where he successfully defended the Gallipoli peninsula against the Allied invasion. After the war, he led the Turkish War of Independence against the occupying forces of the victorious powers. He established a provisional government in Ankara and repelled the Greek forces that aimed to annex western Anatolia. He abolished the Ottoman monarchy and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923, becoming its first president. He embarked on a series of radical reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and westernized nation-state, with a new alphabet, civil code, education system, and women's rights. He also promoted Turkish nationalism and cultural identity, while suppressing Kurdish and other ethnic minorities. He is revered by many Turks as the "Father of the Turks" and the "Great Leader", and his mausoleum in Ankara is a national symbol. He is also widely respected internationally as a visionary leader and a military genius. He died of liver cirrhosis in 1938, leaving behind a lasting legacy of modernization and secularism.

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Profile

  • 5. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 6. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 7. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 8. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 9. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 10. Qaboos bin Said al Said

    Died: 2020 A.D
    Slogan: We are friends to all and enemies to none.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said was the Sultan of Oman from 1970 until his death in 2020. He was a fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said and was the longest-serving leader in the Middle East and Arab world at the time of his death. Educated in England, he served briefly in the British Army before returning to Oman. After overthrowing his father in a coup d'état, he implemented policies of modernization and ended Oman's international isolation. His reign saw a rise in living standards and development in the country, the abolition of slavery, the end of the Dhofar Rebellion, and the promulgation of Oman's constitution.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said Profile

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