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Ubayd Zakani Ubayd Zakani 1319 - 1369 Poet and satirist of the Mongol era
Anwar Sadat Anwar Sadat 1918 - 1981
Misto Treska Misto Treska 1914 - 1993 Translator, diplomat, writer and politician
Jan Mohammad Baloch Jan Mohammad Baloch 1950 - 2012 Boxer and coach
Michael Faraday Michael Faraday 1791 - 1867 Physicist and chemist
Kostas Paskalis Kostas Paskalis 1929 - 2007 Opera singer
Ghalib al-Hinai Ghalib al-Hinai 1912 - 2009 Imam
Medea Medea -1300 - -1350 Helper of Jason and the Argonauts
Alexandros Papagos Alexandros Papagos 1883 - 1955 General and Prime Minister of Greece
Kim Lefevre Kim Lefevre 1935 - 2021 Writer, Translator
Artidjo Alkostar Artidjo Alkostar 1948 - 2021 Supreme Court Judge and Chairman
Haleem Brohi Haleem Brohi 1935 - 2010 Journalist, satirist, writer, film critic
Tudor Vianu Tudor Vianu 1898 - 1964 Literary critic
Obaid Siddiqi Obaid Siddiqi 1932 - 2013 Molecular biology, neurogenetics
Jayan Jayan 1939 - 1980 Actor, stunt performer, naval officer
Rashad Barmada Rashad Barmada 1913 - 1988 Deputy Prime Minister of Syria, Minister of Defene
Mikhail Kalinin Mikhail Kalinin 1875 - 1946 Head of state of the Soviet Union
Joseph Marie Terray Joseph Marie Terray 1715 - 1778 Controller-General of Finances
Paul Hausser Paul Hausser 1880 - 1972 Waffen-SS commander
Antun Maqdisi Antun Maqdisi 1914 - 2005 Philosopher, politician and human rights activist
Kalpana Chawla Kalpana Chawla 1962 - 2003 Astronaut and aerospace engineer
Peter Clodt Peter Clodt 1805 - 1867 History and portrait sculptor
Tormod Kristoffer Hustad Tormod Kristoffer Hustad 1889 - 1973 Minister of agriculture and labour
Feng Youlan Feng Youlan 1895 - 1990 Philosopher, historian, and writer
Liviu Rebreanu Liviu Rebreanu 1885 - 1944 novelist, playwright
Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti 1904 - 1981 Engineer
Dimitrios Loundras Dimitrios Loundras 1885 - 1970 Gymnast and naval officer
Clara Wieck Schumann Clara Wieck Schumann 1819 - 1896 Pianist, composer, and piano teacher
Abdullah Totong Mahmud Abdullah Totong Mahmud 1930 - 2010 Children's song composer
Sadiq Jalal al-Azm Sadiq Jalal al-Azm 1934 - 2016 Professor of Modern European Philosophy
Dionisie Alexandru Ghermani Dionisie Alexandru Ghermani 1922 - 2009 Professor
Virginia Woolf Virginia Woolf 1882 - 1941 Novelist, essayist, publisher, critic
Hamid bin Muhammad bin Ruzayq Hamid bin Muhammad bin Ruzayq 1783 - 1874 Historian, Poet
Munir Said Thalib Munir Said Thalib 1965 - 2004 Founder of Kontras and Imparsial
Park Won-soon Park Won-soon 1956 - 2020 Mayor of Seoul
Wang Danfeng Wang Danfeng 1924 - 2018 Silent film actress
Clive Staples Lewis Clive Staples Lewis 1898 - 1963 Author
Pita Amor Pita Amor 1918 - 2000 Poet
Miyoshi Umeki Miyoshi Umeki 1929 - 2007 Singer and actress
John Henry Comstock John Henry Comstock 1849 - 1931 Entomology and arachnology researcher
Alexander Opekushin Alexander Opekushin 1838 - 1923 Painter and art theorist
Mohammed Ghani Hikmat Mohammed Ghani Hikmat 1929 - 2011 Creating Baghdad's highest-profile sculptures
Siti Hartinah Siti Hartinah 1923 - 1996 First Lady of Indonesia
Edward VII Edward VII 1841 - 1910 King of the United Kingdom and British Dominions
Cho Jang Mi Cho Jang Mi 1994 - 2022 Twitch streamer and volleyball player
Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou 1113 - 1151 Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy
Michael Gambon Michael Gambon 1940 - 2023 Stage and screen actor
Yasar Dogu Yasar Dogu 1913 - 1961 Wrestler
Bartolomeu Dias Bartolomeu Dias 1450 - 1500 Navigator and explorer
Sutan Sjahrir Sutan Sjahrir 1909 - 1966 Governor of Bank Indonesia and Minister of Finance
Matsuo Basho Matsuo Basho 1644 - 1694 Haiku poet and traveler
Anastase Dragomir Anastase Dragomir 1896 - 1966 Inventor
Maria Nikiforova Maria Nikiforova 1885 - 1919 Anarchist partisan leader
Hajra Masroor Hajra Masroor 1930 - 2012 Writer, feminist and activist
Said al-Ghazzi Said al-Ghazzi 1893 - 1967 Prime Minister of Syria
Faisal I of Iraq Faisal I of Iraq 1885 - 1933 King of Iraq and Syria
Havzi Nela Havzi Nela 1934 - 1988 Poet and short story writer
Abdul Aziz al Hakim Abdul Aziz al Hakim 1953 - 2009 Leader of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare 1950 - 2021 Former Speaker of Kaduna State House of Assembly
Arkhip Kuindzhi Arkhip Kuindzhi 1842 - 1910 Painter of landscapes, portraits
Anne Frank Anne Frank 1929 - 1945 Diarist
Nadezhda Obukhova Nadezhda Obukhova 1886 - 1961 Russian and Soviet opera singer
Henri Arnaud Henri Arnaud 1641 - 1721 Waldensian pastor and military leader
Herbert Marcuse Herbert Marcuse 1898 - 1979 Political philosopher and social theorist
Sultan Idris ibn Raja Iskandar Sultan Idris ibn Raja Iskandar 1849 - 1916 Sultan of Perak
Honda Tadakatsu Honda Tadakatsu 1548 - 1610 Samurai, general and daimyo
Weng Wenhao Weng Wenhao 1889 - 1971 Geology, paleontology, meteorology
Ernesto Che Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara 1928 - 1967 Doctor writer guerrilla diplomat war theorist
Nguyen Trong Tri Nguyen Trong Tri 1912 - 1940 Poet
William Donald Hamilton William Donald Hamilton 1936 - 2000 Evolutionary theorist
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1770 - 1831 German idealism, dialectical logic
Bogdan Norcic Bogdan Norcic 1953 - 2004 Ski jumper
Robert Koch Robert Koch 1843 - 1910 Bacteriologist and microbiologist
Antranig Chalabian Antranig Chalabian 1922 - 2011 Medical illustrator, cartographer, historian
Jaspal Bhatti Jaspal Bhatti 1955 - 2012 Comedian, satirist, actor, director, producer
Kang Youwei Kang Youwei 1858 - 1927 Scholar and reformer
Brian McGuire Brian McGuire 1945 - 1977 Racing driver and constructor
Thomas Mann Thomas Mann 1875 - 1955 Novelist and essayist
Maqbool Fida Husain Maqbool Fida Husain 1915 - 2011 Modernist painter and filmmaker
Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln 1809 - 1865 statesman American lawyer
Gustav Ipavec Gustav Ipavec 1831 - 1908 Composer
Anton Vratusa Anton Vratusa 1915 - 2017 Prime Minister of Slovenia
Samuel Balto Samuel Balto 1861 - 1921 Crossing Greenland with Nansen
Sayan Sanya Sayan Sanya 1953 - 2013 Singer, Actor
Lai Afong Lai Afong 1838 - 1890 Photographer
Ivan Zorman Ivan Zorman 1889 - 1957 Poet and composer
Meghnad Saha Meghnad Saha 1893 - 1956 Thermal ionisation و Saha ionisation equation
Afsar Madad Naqvi Afsar Madad Naqvi 1933 - 1997 Sculpture, painting, murals
Fernando del Paso Fernando del Paso 1935 - 2018 Novelist, essayist, poet, diplomat
Flor Silvestre Flor Silvestre 1930 - 2020 Singer and actress
Mario Schenberg Mario Schenberg 1914 - 1990 divulgation of science and medicine
Iustin Moisescu Iustin Moisescu 1910 - 1986 Patriarch
Yevgeny Vuchetich Yevgeny Vuchetich 1908 - 1974 Soviet sculptor and artist
Khaled al Rahal Khaled al Rahal 1926 - 1987 Painter and sculptor
Van Phung Van Phung 1930 - 1999 Songwriter
Henrik Kacser Henrik Kacser 1918 - 1995 Biochemist
Juan Ramon Jimenez Juan Ramon Jimenez 1881 - 1958 Poet and Nobel Prize winner
Louis Victor Wijnhamer Louis Victor Wijnhamer 1904 - 1975 Social worker and stage and film actor
Ivan Grohar Ivan Grohar 1867 - 1911 Impressionist Painter
Samuel Bronfman Samuel Bronfman 1889 - 1971 Founder of Seagram Company
Rahim Bakhsh Rahim Bakhsh 1922 - 2002 Hindustani Classical Vocalist
Camilla Collett Camilla Collett 1813 - 1895 Writer and feminist
Otto the Great Otto the Great 912 - 973 Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany
Vicente Aleixandre Vicente Aleixandre 1898 - 1984 winner of the Cervantes,and the Lenin Peace Prize
Jerzy Chromik Jerzy Chromik 1931 - 1987 Long-distance runner
Prajadhipok Prajadhipok 1893 - 1941 King of Siam, Reformer
Moses Olaiya Moses Olaiya 1936 - 2018 Comedy and drama
Timothy Gregg Bachman Timothy Gregg Bachman 1951 - 2023 Guitarist, Singer
Ramesses III Ramesses III -1217 - -1155 Pharaoh of the 20th dynasty
Chung Ju-yung Chung Ju-yung 1915 - 2001 Founder of Hyundai Group
Fernando Flavio Marques de Almeida Fernando Flavio Marques de Almeida 1916 - 2013 geologist
Nikolai Bulganin Nikolai Bulganin 1895 - 1975 Premier of the Soviet Union
Damiao Gois Damiao Gois 1502 - 1574 Humanist philosopher, chronicler, archivist
Adam Mahamed Ismail Adam Mahamed Ismail 1990 - 2019 Celebrity chef and TV host
Antoinette Waroh Antoinette Waroh 1901 - 1991 Parliament member of East Indonesia
Glenn Fredly Glenn Fredly 1975 - 2020 R&B singer and songwriter
Dimitrie Pompeiu Dimitrie Pompeiu 1873 - 1954 Mathematician
Thomas Leland Thomas Leland 1722 - 1785 Historian, translator, academic, author
Ole Paus Ole Paus 1947 - 2023 Singer-songwriter, poet, author
Angelines Fernandez Angelines Fernandez 1924 - 1994 Actress and comedian
Kartini Kartini 1879 - 1904 Activist for women's rights and education
Obaidullah Akhund Obaidullah Akhund 1968 - 2010 Defence Minister
Harry Crerar Harry Crerar 1888 - 1965 General and soldier
Mitrush Kuteli Mitrush Kuteli 1907 - 1967 Writer, translator, economist
Plutarch Plutarch 46 - 119 Biographer of Parallel Lives and author of Moralia
Rahimullah Yusufzai Rahimullah Yusufzai 1954 - 2021 Journalist, political and security analyst
Kurt von Schleicher Kurt von Schleicher 1882 - 1934 General and Chancellor of Germany
Sofjan Saury Siregar Sofjan Saury Siregar 1951 - 2017 Author of De Edele Koran
Anne Robert Jacques Turgot Anne Robert Jacques Turgot 1727 - 1781 Comptroller general of finance under Louis XVI
Constantin Dimitrescu Constantin Dimitrescu 1847 - 1928 Composer
Kenji Miyazawa Kenji Miyazawa 1896 - 1933 Children's literature author and poet
Douglas Bader Douglas Bader 1910 - 1982 Royal Air Force flying Second World War
Andrei Grechko Andrei Grechko 1903 - 1976 Soviet military commander and Minister
Pappu Sain Pappu Sain 1925 - 2021 Sufi dhol player
Chen Boda Chen Boda 1904 - 1989 Journalist and political theorist
Dame Nellie Melba Dame Nellie Melba 1861 - 1931 operatic lyric coloratura soprano
Zubeida Agha Zubeida Agha 1922 - 1997 Painter and modernist
Stefania Wilczynska Stefania Wilczynska 1886 - 1942 Director of Jewish orphanage
Safiye Ali Safiye Ali 1894 - 1952 Physician
Magdalene Barens Magdalene Barens 1737 - 1808 Painter
Sir Feroze Khan Noon Sir Feroze Khan Noon 1893 - 1970 Seventh Prime Minister of Pakistan
Savitri Devi Savitri Devi 1905 - 1982 Proponent of Nazism and Hinduism
Lew Hoad Lew Hoad 1934 - 1994 tennis player
Anders Christian Lunde Anders Christian Lunde 1809 - 1886 Landscape painter
Margaret Ekpo Margaret Ekpo 1914 - 2006 Women's rights activist and social mobilizer
Natasja Saad Natasja Saad 1974 - 2007 Singer and deejay
Milka Hartman Milka Hartman 1902 - 1997 Poet and Teacher
Jean Michel Basquiat Jean Michel Basquiat 1960 - 1988 Painter, graffiti artist
Konstantinos Theotokis Konstantinos Theotokis 1872 - 1923 Novelist of the realist school
Alberto Flores Galindo Alberto Flores Galindo 1949 - 1990 Historian
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 2. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

  • 3. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

    Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Profile

  • 4. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 5. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Profile

  • 6. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 7. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 8. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 9. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 10. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

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