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Tomasz Arciszewski Tomasz Arciszewski 1877 - 1955 Prime Minister of Poland in exile
Deokhye Deokhye 1912 - 1989 Last princess of the Korean Empire
Ray Stevenson Ray Stevenson 1964 - 2023 actor
Pappu Sain Pappu Sain 1925 - 2021 Sufi dhol player
Carmen Mondragon Carmen Mondragon 1893 - 1978 Painter and poet
Anne Frank Anne Frank 1929 - 1945 Diarist
Heo Gyun Heo Gyun 1569 - 1618 Novelist, poet, and reformist
Sima Wali Sima Wali 1951 - 2017 Human Rights Advocate
George Brent George Brent 1904 - 1979 Leading man of Bette Davis
Johan Nygaardsvold Johan Nygaardsvold 1879 - 1952 Prime minister of Norway
Alina Szapocznikow Alina Szapocznikow 1926 - 1973 Sculptor and graphic artist
Amenhotep II Amenhotep II -1427 - -1400 King of ancient Egypt
Gottfried Semper Gottfried Semper 1803 - 1879 Architect and art critic
Esther Carstensen Esther Carstensen 1873 - 1955 Nurse, resistance member, intelligence officer
Jean de Brebeuf Jean de Brebeuf 1593 - 1649 Jesuit priest and missionary to the Huron people
Anacreon Anacreon -582 - -485 Lyric poet
Sigbjorn Obstfelder Sigbjorn Obstfelder 1866 - 1900 Poet, writer
An Thuyen An Thuyen 1949 - 2015 Composer, Musician
Wang Fuchun Wang Fuchun 1943 - 2021 Train photographer
Prajim Wongsuwan Prajim Wongsuwan 1938 - 1990 Novelist and Sprinter
Onn Jaafar Onn Jaafar 1895 - 1962 Menteri Besar of Johor and President of UMNO
Margarita Salas Margarita Salas 1938 - 2019 Biochemistry and molecular genetics
Konstantin Somov Konstantin Somov 1869 - 1939 Russian and French painter
Oguz Atay Oguz Atay 1934 - 1977 Pioneer of the modern novel in Turkey
Amalia Mendoza Amalia Mendoza 1923 - 2001 Ranchera and bolero singer
Jozef Beck Jozef Beck 1894 - 1944 Foreign minister of Poland
Musarrat Hussain Musarrat Hussain 1951 - 2008 Surgeon General of Pakistan Army
Benito Perez Galdpos Benito Perez Galdpos 1843 - 1920 Spanish realist novelist and playwright
Egil Monn-Iversen Egil Monn-Iversen 1928 - 2017 Composer, conductor, arranger, film producer
Stefania Maracineanu Stefania Maracineanu 1882 - 1944 Physicist
Benjamin Adekunle Benjamin Adekunle 1936 - 2014 Civil War commander
Ernest Buckmaster Ernest Buckmaster 1897 - 1968 Painter and art teacher
Knut Hamsun Knut Hamsun 1859 - 1952 Novelist, poet, dramatist, social critic
Louis XIII of France Louis XIII of France 1601 - 1643 King of France and Navarre
Avelina Carrera Avelina Carrera 1871 - 1939 Opera singer
Johannes Tauler Johannes Tauler 1300 - 1361 Dominican friar and theologian
Aziz Ullah Haidari Aziz Ullah Haidari 1968 - 2001 Reuters correspondent
Rizwan Wasti Rizwan Wasti 1937 - 2011 Television actor, banker, and newscaster
Jozef Haller Jozef Haller 1873 - 1960 Lieutenant general of the Polish Army
Ovadia Yosef Ovadia Yosef 1920 - 2013 Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel
Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti 1876 - 1924 Writer and poet
Max Rojas Max Rojas 1940 - 2015 Poet, essayist, literary critic
Michel de Certeau Michel de Certeau 1925 - 1986 Historian, cultural theorist, psychoanalyst
William I William I 1797 - 1888 Monarch and unifier of Germany
Rattanbai Jinnah Rattanbai Jinnah 1900 - 1929 First Lady of Pakistan, socialite
Henrik Anker Bjerregaard Henrik Anker Bjerregaard 1792 - 1842 Poet and judge
Al Hariri of Basra Al Hariri of Basra 1054 - 1122 Poet, scholar of the Arabic language, official
Louis Hippolyte Menard Louis Hippolyte Menard 1807 - 1864 Premier
Kamtorn Sanidwong Kamtorn Sanidwong 1925 - 2000 Music Educator
Umm Kulthum Umm Kulthum 1898 - 1975 Singer, songwriter, and film actress
Anna Marie Johanne Sophie Holten Anna Marie Johanne Sophie Holten 1858 - 1930 Portraits, flower paintings and genre works
Jean Francois Paul de Gondi Jean Francois Paul de Gondi 1613 - 1679 Archbishop of Paris and memoirist
Natasha Jane Richardson Natasha Jane Richardson 1963 - 2009 Actress of film, television, and theatre
Tam Minh Pham Tam Minh Pham 1949 - 2019 Military Officer
Ahmet Ertegun Ahmet Ertegun 1923 - 2006 Co-founder and president of Atlantic Records
Sisir Kumar Mitra Sisir Kumar Mitra 1890 - 1963 Radio physics and atmospheric science
Xu Shichang Xu Shichang 1855 - 1939 President of the Republic of China
Louis XIV Louis XIV 1638 - 1715 King of France and Navarre
Boris Yeltsin Boris Yeltsin 1931 - 2007 First president of the Russian Federation
Neville Chamberlain Neville Chamberlain 1869 - 1940 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Johnny Walker Johnny Walker 1924 - 2003 Actor, comedian, bus conductor
Lewis Frederick Urry Lewis Frederick Urry 1927 - 2004 Inventor of alkaline and lithium batteries
Pavel Popovich Pavel Popovich 1930 - 2009 Soviet cosmonaut
Ram Mohan Rao Ram Mohan Rao 1939 - 2005 Lead actor in Telugu cinema
Andre Truong Trong Thi Andre Truong Trong Thi 1936 - 2005 Computer Engineer
Sarah Millicent Hermione Touchet-Jesson Sarah Millicent Hermione Touchet-Jesson 1914 - 1982 Actress and dancer
Luisa Todi Luisa Todi 1753 - 1833 Mezzo-soprano opera singer
Victor Hugo Victor Hugo 1802 - 1885 Romantic writer and politician
Emperor Shomu Emperor Shomu 701 - 756 Emperor of Japan
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan 1890 - 1988 Founder of Khudai Khidmatgar and ally
Alexander Kerensky Alexander Kerensky 1881 - 1970 Minister-Chairman
Mihai Olos Mihai Olos 1940 - 2015 conceptual artist
Ioan lon Cantacuzino Ioan lon Cantacuzino 1863 - 1934 Physician and Bacteriologist
Ricardo Miledi Ricardo Miledi 1927 - 2017 Neurotransmitter release and receptor expression
Ramon Maria del Valle-Inclan Ramon Maria del Valle-Inclan 1866 - 1936 Writer and dramatist of the Spanish Modernism
Emiliano Di Cavalcanti Emiliano Di Cavalcanti 1897 - 1976 Painter and illustrator
Dennis Chukude Osadebay Dennis Chukude Osadebay 1911 - 1994 Premier of Mid-Western Region of Nigeria
Lo Hsiang lin Lo Hsiang lin 1906 - 1978 Historian and educator
Munawar Sultana Munawar Sultana 1924 - 2007 Film playback singer
Tadeusz Rozewicz Tadeusz Rozewicz 1921 - 2014 Writer and translator
Per Sivle Per Sivle 1857 - 1904 Poet, novelist and newspaper editor
William Herschel William Herschel 1738 - 1822 Founder of sidereal astronomy
Albert Namatjira Albert Namatjira 1902 - 1959 Watercolour landscape painter
Mehmet Fuat Koprulu Mehmet Fuat Koprulu 1890 - 1966 Turkologist, sociologist, historian
Yen Chen hsing Yen Chen hsing 1912 - 2005 president of National Taiwan University
Anatol Emilian Baconsky Anatol Emilian Baconsky 1925 - 1977 Poet, Critic
Muddu Babu Shetty Muddu Babu Shetty 1938 - 1982 Stuntman, action choreographer and actor
Harald Saeverud Harald Saeverud 1897 - 1992 Composer of symphonies and piano pieces
Shashikala Shashikala 1932 - 2021 Supporting roles in Bollywood films and TV serials
Puey Ungphakorn Puey Ungphakorn 1916 - 1999 Economist, Rector
Pavel Milyukov Pavel Milyukov 1859 - 1943 Historian and foreign minister
Donald Metcalf Donald Metcalf 1929 - 2014 Discoverer of hormones
Monika Dannemann Monika Dannemann 1945 - 1996 Figure skater and painter
Hoang Cam Hoang Cam 1922 - 2010 Poet
Satyajit Ray Satyajit Ray 1921 - 1992 Director, screenwriter, composer, illustrator
Izaak Walton Killam Izaak Walton Killam 1885 - 1955 Investor in utilities, pulp and paper
Andrzej Badenski Andrzej Badenski 1943 - 2008 400 metres runner
Alexandre Benois Alexandre Benois 1870 - 1960 Art critic and historian
Ralph Henry Baer Ralph Henry Baer 1922 - 2014 Inventor of the first home video game console
Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard 1742 - 1822 Instructor of the deaf
Rosario Castellanos Rosario Castellanos 1925 - 1974 Writer and diplomat
Jean Vanier Jean Vanier 1928 - 2019 Creating communities for people
Cluny MacPherson Cluny MacPherson 1879 - 1966 Gas mask
Julio Prestes Julio Prestes 1882 - 1946 President-elect of Brazil
Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jaffrey Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jaffrey 1939 - 2020 Comedian, actor, director, singer
Yasujiro Ozu Yasujiro Ozu 1903 - 1963 Film director and screenwriter
Ibrahim I Ibrahim I 1615 - 1648 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Huang Zuolin Huang Zuolin 1906 - 1994 Playwright, director, administrator, theorist
Kato Kiyomasa Kato Kiyomasa 1562 - 1611 Military leader and feudal lord
Sunthorn Kongsompong Sunthorn Kongsompong 1931 - 1999 Military Leader, Politician
Sid Vicious Sid Vicious 1957 - 1979 Bassist for the Sex Pistols
Eduard Caudella Eduard Caudella 1841 - 1924 Composer
Tjung Tin Jan Tjung Tin Jan 1919 - 1994 Politician and lawyer
Tran Dan Tran Dan 1926 - 1997 Poet and Novelist
Juan Garcia Ponce Juan Garcia Ponce 1932 - 2003 Novelist, essayist, translator, critic
Nguyen An Nguyen An 1381 - 1453 Architect
Xu Shiying Xu Shiying 1873 - 1964 Premier of the Republic of China
Ghazi of Iraq Ghazi of Iraq 1912 - 1939 King of Iraq
Adolfo Lutz Adolfo Lutz 1855 - 1940 tropical medicine and zoology
Haron Amin Haron Amin 1969 - 2015 Ambassador
Murad III Murad III 1546 - 1595 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Allan Napier MacNab Allan Napier MacNab 1798 - 1862 Politician, Lawyer
Katy Jurado Katy Jurado 1924 - 2002 Actress
Buddhadasa Bhikkhu Buddhadasa Bhikkhu 1906 - 1993 Buddhist Monk, Philosopher
Peter Lymburner Robertson Peter Lymburner Robertson 1879 - 1951 Inventor of the Robertson screw and screwdriver
Grigore Alexandrescu Grigore Alexandrescu 1810 - 1885 poet and fabulist
Johann Augustin Pucher Johann Augustin Pucher 1814 - 1864 Priest, inventor, photographer
Carmen Salinas Carmen Salinas 1939 - 2021 Actress, impressionist, comedian, politician
Hussein Onn Hussein Onn 1922 - 1990 Prime Minister of Malaysia
Henryk Sienkiewicz Henryk Sienkiewicz 1846 - 1916 Novelist and journalist
Toshiki Kaifu Toshiki Kaifu 1931 - 2022 Prime minister of Japan
Ahmet Tevfik Pasha Ahmet Tevfik Pasha 1845 - 1936 Last Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Emil Adamic Emil Adamic 1877 - 1936 Composer
Akram Osman Akram Osman 1937 - 2016 Short story writer
Tunku Abdul Rahman Tunku Abdul Rahman 1903 - 1990 First Prime Minister of Malaysia
Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass 1815 - 1897 Father of modern analysis
Ales Debeljak Ales Debeljak 1961 - 2016 Cultural critic
Bao Long Bao Long 1936 - 2007 Crown Prince
Elizabeth I Elizabeth I 1533 - 1603 Queen of England, Elizabethan era
Edward Gierek Edward Gierek 1913 - 2001 First Secretary of Polish United Workers' Party
Niels Peter Holbech Niels Peter Holbech 1804 - 1889 Social realist painter
Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao 1923 - 1996 Actor, director, producer, chief minister
Roger Etchegaray Roger Etchegaray 1922 - 2019 President of the Pontifical Council for Justice
Por Intharapalit Por Intharapalit 1910 - 1968 Humorist, Writer
Johnny Raducanu Johnny Raducanu 1931 - 2011 Jazz Musician
Markos Vafiades Markos Vafiades 1906 - 1992 Communist leader and guerrilla commander
Victoria de los Angeles Victoria de los Angeles 1923 - 2005 Operatic lyric soprano and recitalist
George Balaita George Balaita 1935 - 2017 Novelist
Marsi Paribatra Marsi Paribatra 1930 - 2013 Artist, Academic
Farid Simaika Farid Simaika 1907 - 1943 Olympic diver
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 2. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 3. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 4. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 5. Plato

    Died: -347 A.D
    Slogan: The measure of a man is what he does with power.

    Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered one of the most important figures in Western philosophy. Plato was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He wrote numerous philosophical dialogues, including The Republic, which presents his vision of an ideal society. Plato's philosophy covers a wide range of topics, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. His ideas continue to be studied and debated to this day.Little is known about Plato's early life and education. He belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, modern scholars believe he was born in Athens or Aegina, between 428[10] and 423 BC. The exact time and place of birth are unknown. He was known to have worn earrings and finger rings during his youth to stand out and make himself look distinguished.The extent of Plato's affinity for jewelry while young was even characterized as "decadent" by Sextus Empiricus. Plato gives little biographical information, but refers at various points to some of his relatives with a great degree of precision, including his brothers, Adeimantus, and Glaucon, in the Plato's Republic. These and other references make it possible to reconstruct Plato's family tree.[15] Plato may have travelled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene,[16] but at 40, Plato founded a school of philosophy in Athens, the Academy, on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus,[17] named after Academus, an Attic hero in Greek mythology. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Sulla in 84 BC. Many philosophers studied at the Academy, the most prominent being Aristotle. According to Diogenes Laertius, throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse, where he attempted to replace the tyrant Dionysius,[20] with Dionysius's brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, whom Plato had recruited as one of his followers, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato almost faced death, but was sold into slavery. Anniceris, a Cyrenaic philosopher, bought Plato's freedom for twenty minas, and sent him home. After Dionysius's death, according to Plato's Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysius II, who seemed to accept Plato's teachings, but eventually became suspicious of their motives, expelling Dion and holding Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse and Dion would return to overthrow Dionysius and rule Syracuse, before being usurped by Callippus, a fellow disciple of Plato. A variety of sources have given accounts of Plato's death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript,[22] suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diogenes Laertius's reference to an account by Hermippus, a third-century Alexandrian. According to Tertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep.

    Plato Profile

  • 6. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

    Emperor Pedro II Profile

  • 7. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

    Died: 1938 A.D
    Slogan: Peace at home, peace in the world

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish soldier, statesman, and reformer who is widely regarded as the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey. He rose to prominence as a military commander in the Ottoman army during World War I, where he successfully defended the Gallipoli peninsula against the Allied invasion. After the war, he led the Turkish War of Independence against the occupying forces of the victorious powers. He established a provisional government in Ankara and repelled the Greek forces that aimed to annex western Anatolia. He abolished the Ottoman monarchy and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923, becoming its first president. He embarked on a series of radical reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and westernized nation-state, with a new alphabet, civil code, education system, and women's rights. He also promoted Turkish nationalism and cultural identity, while suppressing Kurdish and other ethnic minorities. He is revered by many Turks as the "Father of the Turks" and the "Great Leader", and his mausoleum in Ankara is a national symbol. He is also widely respected internationally as a visionary leader and a military genius. He died of liver cirrhosis in 1938, leaving behind a lasting legacy of modernization and secularism.

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Profile

  • 8. Coco Chanel

    Died: 1971 A.D
    Slogan: A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.

    Coco Chanel was a French fashion designer and businesswoman who revolutionized the style and aesthetics of women's clothing in the 20th century. She was born in a poorhouse in Saumur, France, and raised by nuns after her mother's death. She learned to sew at a young age and started her career as a milliner. She opened her first shop in Paris in 1910, selling hats and later expanding to clothing. She introduced simple, elegant, and comfortable designs that contrasted with the corseted and elaborate fashion of the time. She popularized the use of jersey fabric, tweed, and black color in women's clothing. She also created iconic accessories such as the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the interlocked-CC monogram. She launched her first perfume, Chanel No. 5, in 1921, which became one of the most famous fragrances in the world. She also designed costumes for theater and cinema, collaborating with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, and Jean Cocteau. She closed her fashion house during World War II and faced controversy for her involvement with a German officer. She returned to fashion in 1954, at the age of 71, and continued to create influential collections until her death in 1971. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in fashion history and a symbol of modern, liberated, and independent womanhood.

    Coco Chanel Profile

  • 9. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 10. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

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