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Anton Peterlin Anton Peterlin 1908 - 1993 Mathematical physicist
Janez Strnad Janez Strnad 1934 - 2015 Physicist
Saigo Takamori Saigo Takamori 1828 - 1877 Samurai, Meiji Restoration leader
Kirin Kiki Kirin Kiki 1943 - 2018 Actress for Japanese cinema and television
Boes Boestami Boes Boestami 1922 - 1970 Journalist and film actor
Phraya Manopakorn Nititada Phraya Manopakorn Nititada 1884 - 1948 Prime Minister
Shane Warne Shane Warne 1969 - 2022 Cricket legend and leg spin bowler
Herbert Edward Badham Herbert Edward Badham 1899 - 1961 Realist painter and art teacher
Puyi Puyi 1906 - 1967 last emperor ,and puppet ruler of Manchukuo
Shunroku Hata Shunroku Hata 1879 - 1962 Field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army
Cevdet Sunay Cevdet Sunay 1899 - 1982 President of Turkey and army officer
Ramses V Ramses V -1220 - -1145 Pharaoh of the 20th dynasty of Egypt
Konstantin Somov Konstantin Somov 1869 - 1939 Russian and French painter
Lyudmila Gurchenko Lyudmila Gurchenko 1935 - 2011 Pop singer and actress
Paul Goma Paul Goma 1935 - 2020 Writer and dissident
Nguyen Khanh Nguyen Khanh 1927 - 2013 Military officer, Head of state
Sven Moren Sven Moren 1871 - 1908 Poet and playwright
Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed 1872 - 1963 First president of Cairo University
Samuel Balto Samuel Balto 1861 - 1921 Crossing Greenland with Nansen
Princess Farial of Egypt Princess Farial of Egypt 1938 - 2009 Teacher
Masa Saito Masa Saito 1942 - 2018 professional wrestler
George Orwell George Orwell 1903 - 1950 Writer, novelist, essayist, and critic
Juan Jose Arreola Juan Jose Arreola 1918 - 2001 Short story writer and humorist
Abdul Rahim Sarban Abdul Rahim Sarban 1930 - 1993 Singer
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho 1936 - 2021 Chief strategist of the Carnation Revolution
Namik Kemal Namik Kemal 1840 - 1888 Poet, playwright and social reformer
William Thompson William Thompson 1775 - 1833 Political economist and social reformer
Tayyeb Tizini Tayyeb Tizini 1934 - 2019 Philosopher, researcher and academic
Ali Podrimja Ali Podrimja 1942 - 2012 Poet and author
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan 1948 - 1997 Singer and master of Qawwali style
Sarunyoo Wongkrachang Sarunyoo Wongkrachang 1960 - 2020 Actor, Director
Jacques Cousteau Jacques Cousteau 1910 - 1997 Ocean explorer and co-inventor of the Aqua-Lung
Abo of Tiflis Abo of Tiflis 756 - 786 Perfumer and Christian convert
Masaki Kobayashi Masaki Kobayashi 1916 - 1996 Film director and screenwriter
Richard Harris Richard Harris 1930 - 2002 actor and singer
Louis-Andre de Grimaldi Louis-Andre de Grimaldi 1736 - 1804 Bishop of Le Mans and Noyon, Peer of France
Estrellita Castro Estrellita Castro 1908 - 1983 Copla and flamenco singer and actress
Jean Bellette Jean Bellette 1908 - 1991 Painter and art teacher
Ahmad Zahir Ahmad Zahir 1946 - 1979 Singer, Songwriter, Composer
Janez Jalen Janez Jalen 1891 - 1966 Writer, Priest
J. Paul Getty J. Paul Getty 1892 - 1976 Businessman
Chico Xavier Chico Xavier 1910 - 2002 Spiritist writer and psychographer
Ludovika Wilhelmine of Bavaria Ludovika Wilhelmine of Bavaria 1808 - 1892 Princess of Bavaria
Szymon Askenazy Szymon Askenazy 1865 - 1935 Historian, educator, statesman and diplomat
Nguyen Duc Toan Nguyen Duc Toan 1929 - 2016 Composer
Miguel Delibes Miguel Delibes 1920 - 2010 Writer, novelist, journalist
Augustine Magdalena Waworuntu Augustine Magdalena Waworuntu 1899 - 1987 Mayor of Manado
Alina Szapocznikow Alina Szapocznikow 1926 - 1973 Sculptor and graphic artist
Donatello Donatello 1386 - 1466
Carol Davila Carol Davila 1828 - 1884 Physician
Julius Borcea Julius Borcea 1968 - 2009 Mathematician
Chaophraya Phrasadet Surentharathibodi Chaophraya Phrasadet Surentharathibodi 1867 - 1917 Minister of Public Instruction
Allama Muhammad Iqbal Allama Muhammad Iqbal 1877 - 1938 Poet, philosopher, and politician
Jean Michel Basquiat Jean Michel Basquiat 1960 - 1988 Painter, graffiti artist
Sukru Saracoglu Sukru Saracoglu 1887 - 1953 Prime Minister of Turkey
Sani Abacha Sani Abacha 1943 - 1998 Head of state of Nigeria
Iqbal Bano Iqbal Bano 1928 - 2009 Ghazal singer
Zhou Chen Zhou Chen 1460 - 1535 Landscape painter, calligrapher and essayist
Jorge Basadre Jorge Basadre 1903 - 1980 Historian
Michael I of Romania Michael I of Romania 1921 - 2017 King of Romania
Sardar Mohammad Khan Sardar Mohammad Khan 1915 - 1998 Punjabi-Urdu dictionary
Panait Istrati Panait Istrati 1884 - 1935 Writer
Per Sivle Per Sivle 1857 - 1904 Poet, novelist and newspaper editor
Ratan Lal Brahmachary Ratan Lal Brahmachary 1932 - 2018 Biochemist and pioneer of tiger pheromone studies
Abdul Halim Khaddam Abdul Halim Khaddam 1932 - 2020 Vice President of Syria
Ronald Vaughan Joyce Ronald Vaughan Joyce 1930 - 2019 Co-founder of Tim Hortons
Dinu C. Giurescu Dinu C. Giurescu 1927 - 2018 Historian
Kieron Moore Kieron Moore 1924 - 2007 Film and television actor
Sergei Frolov Sergei Frolov 1924 - 1998 Painter and art teacher
George VI George VI 1895 - 1952 King of the United Kingdom
Sir Grafton Elliot Smith Sir Grafton Elliot Smith 1871 - 1937 Anatomy, Egyptology, and hyperdiffusionism
Vasily Tropinin Vasily Tropinin 1776 - 1857 Romantic painter
Gusmiati Suid Gusmiati Suid 1942 - 2001 Dancer and choreographer
Samuel Ladoke Akintola Samuel Ladoke Akintola 1910 - 1966 Premier of Western Nigeria
Rene Descartes Rene Descartes 1596 - 1650 Founder of modern philosophy and analytic geometry
J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien 1892 - 1973 Author of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings
Anton Karinger Anton Karinger 1829 - 1870 Painter and poet
Doi Sartika Doi Sartika 1884 - 1947 Founder of the first school for women in Indonesia
Thomas Rodney Berger Thomas Rodney Berger 1933 - 2021 Lawyer, Judge, Politician
Roman Viktyuk Roman Viktyuk 1936 - 2020 Theatre Director
Carlos Montemayor Carlos Montemayor 1947 - 2010 Writer, translator, social activist, tenor
Constantin Brancusi Constantin Brancusi 1876 - 1957 Sculptor
Noboru Takeshita Noboru Takeshita 1924 - 2000 Prime Minister of Japan
Shenoute Shenoute 348 - 465 Abbot of the White Monastery, Coptic writer
Yi Saek Yi Saek 1328 - 1396 Neo-Confucian scholar and literary figure
Albert, Prince Consort Albert, Prince Consort 1819 - 1861 Husband of Queen Victoria
Andres Segovia Andres Segovia 1893 - 1987 Classical guitarist and virtuoso
Anh Tho Anh Tho 1918 - 2005 poet
Christian Christie Christian Christie 1832 - 1906 Architect
Alfred Wegener Alfred Wegener 1880 - 1930 Continental drift theory
Ludwig Feuerbach Ludwig Feuerbach 1804 - 1872 Philosopher and anthropologist
Taishi Shotoku Taishi Shotoku 574 - 622 Regent, politician, and author
Gabriela Brimmer Gabriela Brimmer 1947 - 2000 Writer and activist for people with disabilities
Armando Manzanero Armando Manzanero 1935 - 2020 bolero musician
Zubair Dahlan Zubair Dahlan 1905 - 1969 Islamic leader and scholar
Harichand Megha Dalaya Harichand Megha Dalaya 1921 - 2004 Inventor of spray-drying buffalo milk
Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya 1861 - 1962 Civil engineer, administrator, and scholar
Ergi Dini Ergi Dini 1994 - 2016 Singer and composer
Chen Shuren Chen Shuren 1884 - 1948 Painter of the Qing Dynasty
Abdul Razak Hussein Abdul Razak Hussein 1922 - 1976 Prime Minister of Malaysia
Mrinal Sen Mrinal Sen 1923 - 2018 Film director and screenwriter
Jiro Horikoshi Jiro Horikoshi 1903 - 1982 Chief engineer of Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighter
Moin Akhter Moin Akhter 1950 - 2011 Television, film and stage artist, humorist
George Washington George Washington 1732 - 1799 First president of the United States
Mustafa Krantja Mustafa Krantja 1921 - 2002 Conductor and composer
Voltaire Voltaire 1694 - 1778 Writer, philosopher, historian
Mutsuhito Mutsuhito 1852 - 1912 Emperor of Japan and leader
Munir al-Rayyes Munir al-Rayyes 1901 - 1992 Newspaper editor and historian
Lu Shijia Lu Shijia 1911 - 1986 physicist and aerospace engineer
Anna Marie Johanne Sophie Holten Anna Marie Johanne Sophie Holten 1858 - 1930 Portraits, flower paintings and genre works
Dipa Nusantara Aidit Dipa Nusantara Aidit 1923 - 1965 General Secretary of the Communist Party
Sadik Kaceli Sadik Kaceli 1914 - 2000 Painter and teacher of Drawing Artistic School
Hovhannes Tcholakian Hovhannes Tcholakian 1919 - 2016 Archbishop of the Armenian Catholic Church
Ahmed Aboki Abdullahi Ahmed Aboki Abdullahi 1945 - 2021 Brigadier General of the Nigerian army
Watban Ibrahim al Tikriti Watban Ibrahim al Tikriti 1952 - 2015 Interior Minister of Iraq
Ryan Larkin Ryan Larkin 1943 - 2007 animator, artist
Isabel Fraire Isabel Fraire 1934 - 2015 Poet, translator and literary critic
Mohammad Ali Jinnah Mohammad Ali Jinnah 1876 - 1948 Founder and first governor-general of Pakistan
Leo Strauss Leo Strauss 1899 - 1973 Political philosopher and classical scholar
Vasile Voiculescu Vasile Voiculescu 1884 - 1963 Poet, writer
Okita Soji Okita Soji 1802 - 1868 Captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi
Mohammed Inuwa Wushishi Mohammed Inuwa Wushishi 1940 - 2021 Chief of Army Staff
Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher 1742 - 1819 Field marshal
Sabiha Gokcen Sabiha Gokcen 1913 - 2001 World's first female fighter pilot
Sir Feroze Khan Noon Sir Feroze Khan Noon 1893 - 1970 Seventh Prime Minister of Pakistan
Jernej Kopitar Jernej Kopitar 1780 - 1844 linguist
Amir Mehdi Amir Mehdi 1913 - 1999 High altitude porter
Kenan Evren Kenan Evren 1917 - 2015 President and coup leader
Yitzhak Nissim Yitzhak Nissim 1896 - 1981 Sephardic Chief Rabbi of Israel
Jure Robic Jure Robic 1965 - 2010 Ultra-endurance cyclist
Anton Strle Anton Strle 1915 - 2003 Theologian
Octav Onicescu Octav Onicescu 1892 - 1983 Mathematician
Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp 1887 - 1968 Painter, sculptor, chess player, writer
Andreas Munch Andreas Munch 1811 - 1884 Poet's pension
Abdul Qadir Abdul Qadir 1955 - 2019 Leg spin bowler
Katja Boh Katja Boh 1929 - 2008 Sociologist, Politician
Razia Butt Razia Butt 1924 - 2012 Novelist, playwright, and drama writer
Almudena Grandes Almudena Grandes 1960 - 2021 Writer and novelist
Edward Gierek Edward Gierek 1913 - 2001 First Secretary of Polish United Workers' Party
Vilhelmine Jais Oppenheim Vilhelmine Jais Oppenheim 1886 - 1949 Painter and sculptor
Emily Elizabeth Dickinson Emily Elizabeth Dickinson 1830 - 1886 Poet
Charles Tran Van Lam Charles Tran Van Lam 1913 - 2001 Diplomat
Johann Conrad Schlaun Johann Conrad Schlaun 1695 - 1773 Architect of the Westphalian Baroque style
Maria Enriqueta Camarillo Maria Enriqueta Camarillo 1872 - 1968 Poet, novelist, translator, educator
Fikriye Hanim Fikriye Hanim 1887 - 1924 Relative and lover of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Chris Haney Chris Haney 1950 - 2010 Trivial Pursuit
Bruce Edward Hobbs Bruce Edward Hobbs 1936 - 2014 Structural geologist and science administrator
Florian Schneider-Esleben Florian Schneider-Esleben 1947 - 2020 Electronic music pioneer
Ken Shimura Ken Shimura 1950 - 2020 comedy actor and TV personality
Walter Ulbricht Walter Ulbricht 1893 - 1973 First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

  • 2. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

  • 3. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

  • 4. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

  • 5. Coco Chanel

    Died: 1971 A.D
    Slogan: A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.

    Coco Chanel was a French fashion designer and businesswoman who revolutionized the style and aesthetics of women's clothing in the 20th century. She was born in a poorhouse in Saumur, France, and raised by nuns after her mother's death. She learned to sew at a young age and started her career as a milliner. She opened her first shop in Paris in 1910, selling hats and later expanding to clothing. She introduced simple, elegant, and comfortable designs that contrasted with the corseted and elaborate fashion of the time. She popularized the use of jersey fabric, tweed, and black color in women's clothing. She also created iconic accessories such as the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the interlocked-CC monogram. She launched her first perfume, Chanel No. 5, in 1921, which became one of the most famous fragrances in the world. She also designed costumes for theater and cinema, collaborating with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, and Jean Cocteau. She closed her fashion house during World War II and faced controversy for her involvement with a German officer. She returned to fashion in 1954, at the age of 71, and continued to create influential collections until her death in 1971. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in fashion history and a symbol of modern, liberated, and independent womanhood.

  • 6. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

  • 7. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

  • 8. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

  • 9. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

  • 10. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

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