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Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Charles Maurice de Talleyrand 1754 - 1838 French secularized clergyman, statesman
Ciprian Ilie Foias Ciprian Ilie Foias 1933 - 2020 Mathematician
Sunthorn Kongsompong Sunthorn Kongsompong 1931 - 1999 Military Leader, Politician
Yusuf Idris Yusuf Idris 1927 - 1991 Writer and playwright
Harrison McCain Harrison McCain 1927 - 2004 Co-founder of McCain Foods Limited
Raden Ajeng Srimulat Raden Ajeng Srimulat 1908 - 1968 Comedian, actor, singer
Liang Sili Liang Sili 1924 - 2016 Aerospace engineer
Duc Hoan Duc Hoan 1937 - 2003 Film Director and Actress
Barbara Piasecka Johnson Barbara Piasecka Johnson 1937 - 2013 Heiress of Johnson & Johnson fortune
Guru Dutt Guru Dutt 1925 - 1964 Film director, producer, actor, choreographer
Osman III Osman III 1699 - 1757 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Carl Hogset Carl Hogset 1941 - 2021 Lecturer, singer and choral conductor
Edward Mulhare Edward Mulhare 1923 - 1997 actor
Mina Mangal Mina Mangal 1992 - 2019 Political Advisor
Alfred Firmin Loisy Alfred Firmin Loisy 1857 - 1940 Biblical scholar and critic of traditional views
Yegor Gaidar Yegor Gaidar 1956 - 2009 Acting Prime Minister of Russia architect
Clement VI Clement VI 1291 - 1352 Pope of the Catholic Church
Sam Eyde Sam Eyde 1866 - 1940 Founder of Norsk Hydro and Elkem
Itti Balangura Itti Balangura 1955 - 2004 Singer, Musician, Record Producer
Fariha Razzaq Haroon Fariha Razzaq Haroon 1956 - 2018 Journalist, academic, and script-writer
Achmad Soebardjo Achmad Soebardjo 1896 - 1978 Poet, politician, first Foreign Minister
Iris Barbura Iris Barbura 1912 - 1969 Dancer, Choreographer
Lygia Clark Lygia Clark 1928 - 2020 Abstract artist and inventor
Paul Hausser Paul Hausser 1880 - 1972 Waffen-SS commander
Fazel Ahmad Zekrya Fazel Ahmad Zekrya 1935 - 1979 Artist, Poet, Composer
Francis de Sales Francis de Sales 1567 - 1622 Bishop of Geneva and Doctor of the Church
Raoul Aslan Raoul Aslan 1886 - 1958 Theater actor and director
Chen Changxing Chen Changxing 1771 - 1853 Chen-style tai chi master
Gheorghe I. Bratianu Gheorghe I. Bratianu 1898 - 1953 Historian
Qais Al Zawawi Qais Al Zawawi 1935 - 1995 Deputy Prime Minister
Jose Lins do Rego Jose Lins do Rego 1901 - 1957 Novelist and short story writer
Wang Renmei Wang Renmei 1914 - 1987 Actress and singer
Elsina Hidersha Elsina Hidersha 1989 - 2011 Singer
Ali Riza Pasha Ali Riza Pasha 1860 - 1932 Grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Kenneth MacMillan Kenneth MacMillan 1929 - 1992 Ballet choreographer and director
Pyotr Vologodsky Pyotr Vologodsky 1863 - 1915 Finance minister and prime minister
Sippanondha Ketudat Sippanondha Ketudat 1931 - 2006 Nuclear Physicist, Educator
Frank Whittle Frank Whittle 1907 - 1996 Inventor and pioneer of the jet engine
Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu 1543 - 1616 Shogun of Japan, founder of the Tokugawa shogunate
Roy Herbert Thomson Roy Herbert Thomson 1894 - 1976 Founder of Thomson Corporation
Max Muller Max Muller 1823 - 1900 Sanskrit scholar, philologist, orientalist
Teresa Cieply Teresa Cieply 1937 - 2006 Olympic medalist in athletics
Pius Adesanmi Pius Adesanmi 1972 - 2019 Professor of literature and African studies
Emil Baerentzen Emil Baerentzen 1799 - 1868 Painter
Pavel Groselj Pavel Groselj 1883 - 1940 Biologist, Literary Historian
Chung Ju-yung Chung Ju-yung 1915 - 2001 Founder of Hyundai Group
Mikhail Kutuzov Mikhail Kutuzov 1745 - 1813 Field marshal who repelled Napoleon's invasion
Gerd Thoreid Gerd Thoreid 1924 - 2020 Stand-up comedian
Rosalind Elsie Franklin Rosalind Elsie Franklin 1920 - 1958 Chemist and x-ray crystallographer
Edward Plunket Taylor Edward Plunket Taylor 1901 - 1989 Chairman of Argus Corporation
Kirsten Flagstad Kirsten Flagstad 1895 - 1962 Opera singer
Tish Daija Tish Daija 1926 - 2003 Composer of the first Albanian ballet
Liam Hampson Liam Hampson 1998 - 2020 Rugby league player for Redcliffe Dolphins
Yevgeny Primakov Yevgeny Primakov 1929 - 2015 Prime Minister of Russia
Adnan Menderes Adnan Menderes 1899 - 1961 Prime Minister of Turkey
Ayodele Awojobi Ayodele Awojobi 1937 - 1984 Mechanical engineer, social activist, author
Robert Cinnamond Robert Cinnamond 1884 - 1968 Traditional singer and collector of songs
Edward I Plantagenet Edward I Plantagenet 1239 - 1307 King of England and founder
Ahmed Omaid Khpalwak Ahmed Omaid Khpalwak 1987 - 2011 Journalist
Tina Turner Tina Turner 1939 - 2023 Singer songwriter Actor the author
Sessue Hayakawa Sessue Hayakawa 1886 - 1973 Silent film star and Academy Award nominee
Ernest Cormier Ernest Cormier 1885 - 1980 Architect and engineer
Jayan Jayan 1939 - 1980 Actor, stunt performer, naval officer
Nikolay Arutyunov Nikolay Arutyunov 1958 - 2021 Blues and rock vocalist
Bronislaw Malinowski Bronislaw Malinowski 1884 - 1942 Founder of social anthropology and fieldwork
Kostis Palamas Kostis Palamas 1859 - 1943 Poet and lyricist of the Olympic Hymn
Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland 1866 - 1926 Architect and professor of building art
Anthony the Great Anthony the Great 251 - 356 Christian monasticism
Francis Chit Francis Chit 1830 - 1891 Photographer
Stanko Prek Stanko Prek 1915 - 1999 Classical Guitarist and Composer
James Ashton James Ashton 1881 - 1963 Painter and art critic
Raquel Seruca Raquel Seruca 1962 - 2022 Oncobiologist
Helen of Greece and Denmark Helen of Greece and Denmark 1896 - 1982 Princess of Greece and Denmark
Anisa Wahab Anisa Wahab 1957 - 2010 Actress and Singer
Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki 1933 - 2010 Composer of contemporary classical music
Rizwan Wasti Rizwan Wasti 1937 - 2011 Television actor, banker, and newscaster
Jens Tvedt Jens Tvedt 1857 - 1935 Novelist and short story writer
Sofjan Saury Siregar Sofjan Saury Siregar 1951 - 2017 Author of De Edele Koran
Sean Garland Sean Garland 1934 - 2018 President of the Workers' Party of Ireland
Constantin C. Giurescu Constantin C. Giurescu 1901 - 1977 Historian
Abu Nuwas Abu Nuwas 756 - 814 Poet, satirist, courtier of the Abbasid caliphate
Don Raimundo Don Raimundo 1090 - 1152 Archbishop of Toledo and patron of the Toledan
Pascal Bentoiu Pascal Bentoiu 1927 - 2016 Composer
Malaysia Vasudevan Malaysia Vasudevan 1944 - 2011 Playback singer and actor in Tamil cinema
Hubert Ogunde Hubert Ogunde 1916 - 1990 Theatre manager and musician
Albert Ross Tilley Albert Ross Tilley 1904 - 1988 Plastic surgeon and war hero
Inder Kumar Inder Kumar 1973 - 2017 Supporting roles in Hindi films
Zdzislaw Jachimecki Zdzislaw Jachimecki 1882 - 1953 Historian of music, professor
Venustiano Carranza Venustiano Carranza 1859 - 1920 President of Mexico
Bertrand Arthur William Russell Bertrand Arthur William Russell 1872 - 1970 Philosopher and founder of analytic philosophy
Ndre Mjeda Ndre Mjeda 1866 - 1937 Poet and philologist
Umar Wirahadikusumah Umar Wirahadikusumah 1924 - 2003 Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly
Karl Donitz Karl Donitz 1891 - 1980 Commander-in-Chief of the Kriegsmarine
Wong Ka Kui Wong Ka Kui 1962 - 1993 Hong Kong musician, singer and songwriter
Jeong Seung-hwa Jeong Seung-hwa 1929 - 2002 22nd Republic of Korea Army Chief of Staff
Dimitrie Bolintineanu Dimitrie Bolintineanu 1819 - 1872 Poet, politician, diplomat
Pote Sarasin Pote Sarasin 1905 - 2000 Prime Minister, Diplomat
Artidjo Alkostar Artidjo Alkostar 1948 - 2021 Supreme Court Judge and Chairman
Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy 1928 - 2010 Grand Imam of Al-Azhar
Ramiro Castro de la Mata Ramiro Castro de la Mata 1931 - 2006 scientist
Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz 1872 - 1917 Physician and scientist
Vassilis Alexakis Vassilis Alexakis 1943 - 2021 Writer and self-translator
Cha In Ha Cha In Ha 1992 - 2019 Actor and singer
Thich Thien-An Thich Thien-An 1925 - 1980 Zen Buddhist monk
Len Norris Len Norris 1913 - 1997 Editorial cartoonist for the Vancouver Sun
Edmund Piatkowski Edmund Piatkowski 1936 - 2016 Discus thrower
Karl Bryullov Karl Bryullov 1799 - 1852 Painting portraits and historical scenes
George Bacovia George Bacovia 1881 - 1957 Poet
Qiamuddin Khadim Qiamuddin Khadim 1901 - 1979 Scholar
Uzra Butt Uzra Butt 1917 - 2010 Film actress, director and producer
Huang Zongxi Huang Zongxi 1610 - 1695 Classical scholar and political theorist
Helen McCrory Helen McCrory 1968 - 2021 Member of Peaky Blinders and Harry Potter films
Shashikala Shashikala 1932 - 2021 Supporting roles in Bollywood films and TV serials
Peter of Castelnau Peter of Castelnau 1170 - 1208 Cistercian monk and inquisitor
Ulrich Schrade Ulrich Schrade 1943 - 2009 philosopher, educationist and ethicist
Werner Theodor Otto Forssmann Werner Theodor Otto Forssmann 1904 - 1979 Pioneer of cardiac catheterization
Abdul Hamid II Abdul Hamid II 1842 - 1918 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam
Marielle Franco Marielle Franco 1979 - 2018 Councillor of Rio de Janeiro
Olivia Newton-John Olivia Newton-John 1948 - 2022 Singer of pop and country songs
Louis Cappel Louis Cappel 1585 - 1658 Protestant churchman and scholar
Tariq Jameel Paracha Tariq Jameel Paracha 1950 - 2023 Film, television and stage producer, actor
Ruby Violet Payne-Scott Ruby Violet Payne-Scott 1912 - 1981 Radio astronomer and radio physicist
Antonio Carlos Gomes Antonio Carlos Gomes 1836 - 1896 Opera composer
Ahmed Rushdi Ahmed Rushdi 1934 - 1983 Folk singer and musician
Harichand Megha Dalaya Harichand Megha Dalaya 1921 - 2004 Inventor of spray-drying buffalo milk
Jean-Jacques Olier Jean-Jacques Olier 1608 - 1657 Founder of the Sulpicians
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis 1929 - 1994 America s first lady
Djedefre Djedefre -2575 - -2465 King of the 4th Dynasty
Suchart Chaovisith Suchart Chaovisith 1940 - 2009 Finance Minister, Deputy Prime Minister
Walter Hugo Khouri Walter Hugo Khouri 1929 - 2003 Film director, screenwriter, producer
Ramsey Muir Withers Ramsey Muir Withers 1930 - 2014 Chief of Defence Staff
Alexandru Ioan Cuza Alexandru Ioan Cuza 1820 - 1873 Prince
Henri de Saint-Simon Henri de Saint-Simon 1760 - 1825 Social reformer and founder of Christian socialism
Luang Wisansinlapakam Luang Wisansinlapakam 1885 - 1982 Traditional Artisan, Architect
Amjad Islam Amjad Amjad Islam Amjad 1944 - 2023 Urdu poet, screenwriter, playwright and lyricist
Robert Helpmann Robert Helpmann 1909 - 1986 Ballet dancer, actor, director
Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal 1921 - 1973 Prime Minister of Afghanistan
Paul-Emile Leger Paul-Emile Leger 1904 - 1991 Cardinal, Archbishop
Josip Jurcic Josip Jurcic 1844 - 1881 Writer and Journalist
Xu Shiying Xu Shiying 1873 - 1964 Premier of the Republic of China
Abdulmecid I Abdulmecid I 1823 - 1861 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Ignatius Zakka I Ignatius Zakka I 1933 - 2014 Patriarch of Antioch and head
Soekiman Wirjosandjojo Soekiman Wirjosandjojo 1898 - 1974 Prime Minister of Indonesia
Samuel Bronfman Samuel Bronfman 1889 - 1971 Founder of Seagram Company
Nakano Takeko Nakano Takeko 1847 - 1868 Leader of the Jōshitai (Girls' Army)
Talat Mahmood Talat Mahmood 1924 - 1998 Playback Singer and Ghazal Singer
Julius Borcea Julius Borcea 1968 - 2009 Mathematician
Carmen Salinas Carmen Salinas 1939 - 2021 Actress, impressionist, comedian, politician
Margaret Lin Xavier Margaret Lin Xavier 1898 - 1932 Physician
Alexandru Froda Alexandru Froda 1894 - 1973 Mathematician
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

  • 2. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

  • 3. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

  • 4. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

  • 5. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

  • 6. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

  • 7. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

  • 8. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

  • 9. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

    Died: 1938 A.D
    Slogan: Peace at home, peace in the world

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish soldier, statesman, and reformer who is widely regarded as the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey. He rose to prominence as a military commander in the Ottoman army during World War I, where he successfully defended the Gallipoli peninsula against the Allied invasion. After the war, he led the Turkish War of Independence against the occupying forces of the victorious powers. He established a provisional government in Ankara and repelled the Greek forces that aimed to annex western Anatolia. He abolished the Ottoman monarchy and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923, becoming its first president. He embarked on a series of radical reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and westernized nation-state, with a new alphabet, civil code, education system, and women's rights. He also promoted Turkish nationalism and cultural identity, while suppressing Kurdish and other ethnic minorities. He is revered by many Turks as the "Father of the Turks" and the "Great Leader", and his mausoleum in Ankara is a national symbol. He is also widely respected internationally as a visionary leader and a military genius. He died of liver cirrhosis in 1938, leaving behind a lasting legacy of modernization and secularism.

  • 10. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

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