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Aleksey Antropov Aleksey Antropov 1716 - 1795 Cityscapes and landscapes
Akira Yoshizawa Akira Yoshizawa 1911 - 2005 Origami master
Manea Manescu Manea Manescu 1916 - 2009 Prime Minister
Mohammad al Sadr Mohammad al Sadr 1882 - 1956 Prime Minister of Iraq from 1948 to 1948
Aliki Vougiouklaki Aliki Vougiouklaki 1934 - 1996 Actress, singer and theatrical producer
Victoria Louise of Prussia Victoria Louise of Prussia 1892 - 1980 Princess of Prussia and Duchess of Brunswick
Francis Chit Francis Chit 1830 - 1891 Photographer
Edward Gierek Edward Gierek 1913 - 2001 First Secretary of Polish United Workers' Party
Ignatius Zakka I Ignatius Zakka I 1933 - 2014 Patriarch of Antioch and head
Ivan Bilibin Ivan Bilibin 1876 - 1942 Illustrations of Russian fairy tales
Irena Kwiatkowska Irena Kwiatkowska 1912 - 2011 Actress, cabaret artist
Ryu Ryu Ko Ryu Ryu Ko 1793 - 1882 Fujian White Crane Kung Fu master
Nicolae Manolescu Nicolae Manolescu 1939 - 2024 Literary critic
Siva Brata Bhattacherjee Siva Brata Bhattacherjee 1921 - 2003 Professor of physics at the University
David Mitrany David Mitrany 1888 - 1975 Political Scientist
Lilyan Chauvin Lilyan Chauvin 1925 - 2008 character actress, television host, director
Lyubov Popova Lyubov Popova 1889 - 1924 Avant-garde artist and designer
Pierre Francois Xavier de Charlevoix Pierre Francois Xavier de Charlevoix 1682 - 1761 Jesuit priest, traveller, and historian France
Stylianos Pattakos Stylianos Pattakos 1912 - 2016 Military officer and junta leader
Adekunle Fajuyi Adekunle Fajuyi 1926 - 1966 Military governor of Western Nigeria
Mir Nooruddin Mengal Mir Nooruddin Mengal 1952 - 2010 Baloch nationalist leader and former senator
Syed Saleem Shahzad Syed Saleem Shahzad 1970 - 2011 Investigative journalist and author
Maurice Allais Maurice Allais 1911 - 2010 Nobel laureate in economics
Mohammad Musa Shafiq Mohammad Musa Shafiq 1932 - 1979 Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Afghanistan
Miu Chu Miu Chu 1970 - 2009 Mandopop singer
Ayorinde Babayemi Ilori Faboro Ayorinde Babayemi Ilori Faboro 1985 - 2021 Music producer
Samoila Marza Samoila Marza 1886 - 1967 Photographer
Dinu Lipatti Dinu Lipatti 1917 - 1950 Pianist, Composer
Karl Marx Karl Marx 1818 - 1883 Revolutionary socialist, historian
Grigory Soroka Grigory Soroka 1823 - 1864 Painter, member of Venetsianov school
Eugenio Mendez Docurro Eugenio Mendez Docurro 1913 - 1998 Secretary of Communications and Transportation
Peter Musevski Peter Musevski 1965 - 2020 Actor
Abdul Rahim Sarban Abdul Rahim Sarban 1930 - 1993 Singer
Elna Lassen Elna Lassen 1901 - 1930 Ballet dancer
Bozidar Kantuser Bozidar Kantuser 1921 - 1999 Composer
Sherkhan Farnood Sherkhan Farnood 1963 - 2018 Bank Chairman
Mulla Effendi Mulla Effendi 1778 - 1855 Islamic scholar and astronomer
Pepi I Meryre Pepi I Meryre -2332 - -2283 Third king of the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt
Subhi al Badri al Samerai Subhi al Badri al Samerai 1936 - 2013 Islamic scholar and astronomer
Vlad II Dracul Vlad II Dracul -1395 - 1447 Voivode of Wallachia
Aziz Sedky Aziz Sedky 1920 - 2008 Prime Minister of Egypt
Johan Vilhelm Gertner Johan Vilhelm Gertner 1818 - 1871 Painter, portraitist, professor
Hovhannes Tcholakian Hovhannes Tcholakian 1919 - 2016 Archbishop of the Armenian Catholic Church
Fares al-Khoury Fares al-Khoury 1877 - 1962 father of modern Syrian politics
Henry Norwest Henry Norwest 1881 - 1918 Military Sniper
Anton Tomaz Linhart Anton Tomaz Linhart 1756 - 1795 Playwright and Historian
Empress Matilda Empress Matilda 1102 - 1167 Claimant to the English throne during the Anarchy
Laozi Laozi -551 - -479 Founder of Taoism
Edvard Grieg Edvard Grieg 1843 - 1907 Composer and pianist
Anita Aarons Anita Aarons 1912 - 2000 Artist, jeweller, teacher, critic
Ratna Asmara Ratna Asmara 1913 - 1968 Actress, director, activist
Ida Brun Ida Brun 1792 - 1857 Singer, dancer, and classical mime artist
Xin Fengxia Xin Fengxia 1927 - 1998 Pingju opera performer, actress, writer,painter
Kim Si-seup Kim Si-seup 1435 - 1493 scholar and author
Zakia Zaki Zakia Zaki 1972 - 2007 Journalist
Orest Kiprensky Orest Kiprensky 1782 - 1836 Painter of still lifes and portraits
Katy Jurado Katy Jurado 1924 - 2002 Actress
Pridi Phanomyong Pridi Phanomyong 1900 - 1983 Prime Minister
Llazar Fundo Llazar Fundo 1899 - 1944 Writer, philosopher, activist
Ivan Argunov Ivan Argunov 1753 - 1795 Cityscapes and landscapes
Lin Huiyin Lin Huiyin 1904 - 1955 Architect and writer
Sejong the Great Sejong the Great 1397 - 1450 King of Joseon and inventor of Hangul
Azmi Mohamed Megahed Azmi Mohamed Megahed 1950 - 2020 volleyball player
Koxinga Koxinga 1624 - 1662 Southern Ming general and ruler of Taiwan
Bao Shichen Bao Shichen 1775 - 1855 Calligraphe, reformist scholar of the Qing dynasty
Mahsuri binti Pandak Mayah Mahsuri binti Pandak Mayah 1760 - 1819
Sylwester Checinski Sylwester Checinski 1930 - 2021 Film and television director and screenwriter
William I William I 1797 - 1888 Monarch and unifier of Germany
Prem Purachatra Prem Purachatra 1915 - 1981 Diplomat, English instructor, publisher
Oswaldo Aranha Oswaldo Aranha 1894 - 1960 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Chaudhry Aslam Khan Chaudhry Aslam Khan 1967 - 2014 Police officer and head of the Anti-Extremist
Henry IV of France Henry IV of France 1553 - 1610 King of France and Navarre
Barbara Skarga Barbara Skarga 1919 - 2009 Philosophy historian and philosopher
Victor Toma Victor Toma 1922 - 2008 Engineer and Scientist
Saadallah Wannous Saadallah Wannous 1941 - 1997 Playwright, writer and editor on Arabic theater
Ignacio Solares Ignacio Solares 1945 - 2023 Novelist, playwright, academic
Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki Henryk Mikolaj Gorecki 1933 - 2010 Composer of contemporary classical music
Sergio Britto Sergio Britto 1923 - 2011 Actor, director, presenter and writer
Abdul Qadeer Khan Abdul Qadeer Khan 1936 - 2021 Founder of Pakistan's nuclear weapons program
Stavros Spyrou Niarchos Stavros Spyrou Niarchos 1909 - 1996 Shipping tycoon and art collector
Prajadhipok Prajadhipok 1893 - 1941 King of Siam, Reformer
Riyad al-Rayyes Riyad al-Rayyes 1937 - 2020 journalist and publisher
Harold Wilson Harold Wilson 1916 - 1995 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Chen Changxing Chen Changxing 1771 - 1853 Chen-style tai chi master
Ghazala Javed Ghazala Javed 1988 - 2012 Pashto playback singer
Delma Juzar Delma Juzar 1929 - 1980 Actor and custom employee
Ulrich Schrade Ulrich Schrade 1943 - 2009 philosopher, educationist and ethicist
Federico Fellini Federico Fellini 1920 - 1993 Filmmaker
Abdur Rahman Chughtai Abdur Rahman Chughtai 1897 - 1975 Painter and artist
V K Wellington Koo Wei chun V K Wellington Koo Wei chun 1888 - 1985 Diplomat and statesman of the Republic of China
Narinder Singh Kapany Narinder Singh Kapany 1926 - 2020 Fiber optics, lasers, solar energy
Adolfo Lopez Mateos Adolfo Lopez Mateos 1909 - 1969 President of Mexico
Giovanni Boccaccio Giovanni Boccaccio 1313 - 1375 Writer, poet
Charles Robert Darwin Charles Robert Darwin 1809 - 1882 Naturalist, geologist, biologist
Okita Soji Okita Soji 1802 - 1868 Captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi
Mircea Ionescu-Quintus Mircea Ionescu-Quintus 1917 - 2017 Politician
Carlos Lacerda Carlos Lacerda 1914 - 1977 Mayor of São Paulo and governor of São Paulo
Nguyen Thi Kim Nguyen Thi Kim 1917 - 2011 Sculptor
Asif Basra Asif Basra 1967 - 2020 Hindi film and web series actor
Ole Bull Ole Bull 1810 - 1880 Violinist and composer
Ion Mihalache Ion Mihalache 1882 - 1963 Politician
Egas Moniz Egas Moniz 1874 - 1955 Neurologist and developer of cerebral angiography
Khurram Murad Khurram Murad 1932 - 1996 Islamic scholar and writer
Adolfo Lutz Adolfo Lutz 1855 - 1940 tropical medicine and zoology
Thich Quang Duc Thich Quang Duc 1897 - 1963 Monk
Aedy Moward Aedy Moward 1929 - 1980 Actor and custom employee
Josipina Urbancic Josipina Urbancic 1833 - 1854 Writer, poet, composer
Paul Gauguin Paul Gauguin 1848 - 1903 Painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramist, writer
Olaf Nordhagen Olaf Nordhagen 1883 - 1925 Restoration of Nidaros Cathedral
Paritala Ravindra Paritala Ravindra 1958 - 2005 Cabinet minister and MLA of Andhra Pradesh
Irrfan Khan Irrfan Khan 1967 - 2020 Actor in Hindi, British and American films
Evgraf Semenovich Sorokin Evgraf Semenovich Sorokin 1821 - 1892 Historical, religious and genre painter
Lateef Kayode Jakande Lateef Kayode Jakande 1929 - 2021 Governor of Lagos State and Minister of Works
Ivan Khrutsky Ivan Khrutsky 1810 - 1885 Painter of still lifes and portraits
Bao Long Bao Long 1936 - 2007 Crown Prince
Ingeborg Maria Sick Ingeborg Maria Sick 1858 - 1951 Writer, philanthropist, nursing educator
Ragaa Al Geddawy Ragaa Al Geddawy 1934 - 2020 actress and model
Francisco Giner de los Rios Francisco Giner de los Rios 1839 - 1915 Philosopher, literary critic
Nils Kaer Nils Kaer 1870 - 1924 Playwright and critic
Rabin Mondal Rabin Mondal 1929 - 2019 founding member of the Calcutta Painters
Johann Augustin Pucher Johann Augustin Pucher 1814 - 1864 Priest, inventor, photographer
Nico Nico 1938 - 1988 Singer, songwriter, actress and model
Caroline Kellermann Caroline Kellermann 1821 - 1881 Ballet dancer
Javier Solis Javier Solis 1931 - 1966 Bolero and ranchera singer
Manuel de Abreu Manuel de Abreu 1894 - 1962 Physician and scientist
Menotti del Picchia Menotti del Picchia 1892 - 1988 Poet and writer
Sergiu Florin Nicolaescu Sergiu Florin Nicolaescu 1930 - 2013 Film director, actor
Gheorghe Vranceanu Gheorghe Vranceanu 1900 - 1979 Mathematician
Polde Bibic Polde Bibic 1933 - 2012 Actor
Kerr Grant Kerr Grant 1908 - 1983 Physicist and electronics engineer
Bernardin Palaj Bernardin Palaj 1894 - 1946 Poet and short story writer
Hasri Ainun Habibie Hasri Ainun Habibie 1937 - 2010 Physician and First Lady of Indonesia
Constantin Noica Constantin Noica 1909 - 1987 Philosopher
Sami Droubi Sami Droubi 1921 - 1976 Politician, career diplomat, writer, translator
Luke Kelly Luke Kelly 1940 - 1984 Folk musician and actor
Zoroaster Zoroaster -1000 - -551 Prophet and founder of Zoroastrianism
Alphie McCourt Alphie McCourt 1940 - 2016 Writer
Srecko Kosovel Srecko Kosovel 1904 - 1926 Poet
Yasmin Ahmad Yasmin Ahmad 1958 - 2009 Film director, writer and scriptwriter
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Al-Azdi Abu Abdullah Muhammad Al-Azdi -970 - -1043 Physician and Physicist
Gordon Edgar Downie Gordon Edgar Downie 1964 - 2017 singer
Harrie Massey Harrie Massey 1908 - 1983 Physicist and electronics engineer
John Cabot John Cabot 1450 - 1500 he discovered a new foundland CANADA
Riyad Al-Saleh Al-Hussein Riyad Al-Saleh Al-Hussein 1952 - 1982 Modern Arabic poetry
Julio Torri Julio Torri 1889 - 1970 Essayist and literary critic
Gottfried Semper Gottfried Semper 1803 - 1879 Architect and art critic
Nam Son Nam Son 1890 - 1973 painter
Nasib Arida Nasib Arida 1887 - 1946 Mahjar poet and writer
Senusret I Senusret I -1971 - -1926 Pharaoh of Egypt
Carlos Chagas Carlos Chagas 1879 - 1934 Physician and scientist
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 2. Coco Chanel

    Died: 1971 A.D
    Slogan: A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.

    Coco Chanel was a French fashion designer and businesswoman who revolutionized the style and aesthetics of women's clothing in the 20th century. She was born in a poorhouse in Saumur, France, and raised by nuns after her mother's death. She learned to sew at a young age and started her career as a milliner. She opened her first shop in Paris in 1910, selling hats and later expanding to clothing. She introduced simple, elegant, and comfortable designs that contrasted with the corseted and elaborate fashion of the time. She popularized the use of jersey fabric, tweed, and black color in women's clothing. She also created iconic accessories such as the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the interlocked-CC monogram. She launched her first perfume, Chanel No. 5, in 1921, which became one of the most famous fragrances in the world. She also designed costumes for theater and cinema, collaborating with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, and Jean Cocteau. She closed her fashion house during World War II and faced controversy for her involvement with a German officer. She returned to fashion in 1954, at the age of 71, and continued to create influential collections until her death in 1971. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in fashion history and a symbol of modern, liberated, and independent womanhood.

    Coco Chanel Profile

  • 3. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

    Stephen the Great Profile

  • 4. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 5. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 6. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 7. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 8. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 9. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 10. Plato

    Died: -347 A.D
    Slogan: The measure of a man is what he does with power.

    Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered one of the most important figures in Western philosophy. Plato was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He wrote numerous philosophical dialogues, including The Republic, which presents his vision of an ideal society. Plato's philosophy covers a wide range of topics, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. His ideas continue to be studied and debated to this day.Little is known about Plato's early life and education. He belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, modern scholars believe he was born in Athens or Aegina, between 428[10] and 423 BC. The exact time and place of birth are unknown. He was known to have worn earrings and finger rings during his youth to stand out and make himself look distinguished.The extent of Plato's affinity for jewelry while young was even characterized as "decadent" by Sextus Empiricus. Plato gives little biographical information, but refers at various points to some of his relatives with a great degree of precision, including his brothers, Adeimantus, and Glaucon, in the Plato's Republic. These and other references make it possible to reconstruct Plato's family tree.[15] Plato may have travelled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene,[16] but at 40, Plato founded a school of philosophy in Athens, the Academy, on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus,[17] named after Academus, an Attic hero in Greek mythology. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Sulla in 84 BC. Many philosophers studied at the Academy, the most prominent being Aristotle. According to Diogenes Laertius, throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse, where he attempted to replace the tyrant Dionysius,[20] with Dionysius's brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, whom Plato had recruited as one of his followers, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato almost faced death, but was sold into slavery. Anniceris, a Cyrenaic philosopher, bought Plato's freedom for twenty minas, and sent him home. After Dionysius's death, according to Plato's Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysius II, who seemed to accept Plato's teachings, but eventually became suspicious of their motives, expelling Dion and holding Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse and Dion would return to overthrow Dionysius and rule Syracuse, before being usurped by Callippus, a fellow disciple of Plato. A variety of sources have given accounts of Plato's death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript,[22] suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diogenes Laertius's reference to an account by Hermippus, a third-century Alexandrian. According to Tertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep.

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