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Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi 1830 - 1900 Poet and Leader
Togo Heihachiro Togo Heihachiro 1848 - 1934 Admiral of the fleet in the Imperial Japanese Navy
Boris Pahor Boris Pahor 1913 - 2022 Writer
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1770 - 1831 German idealism, dialectical logic
Yu Ji Yu Ji 1739 - 1823 Painter of the Qing Dynasty
Marie Luplau Marie Luplau 1848 - 1925 Painter and educator
Aristarkh Lentulov Aristarkh Lentulov 1882 - 1943 Painter and stage designer
Ion Antonescu Ion Antonescu 1882 - 1946 Prime Minister and Conducător of Romania
Giuseppe Nahmad Giuseppe Nahmad 1932 - 2012 Art dealer and collector
Anghel Saligny Anghel Saligny 1854 - 1925 Engineer
Esther Seligson Esther Seligson 1941 - 2010 Writer, poet, translator, and historian
Dame Nellie Melba Dame Nellie Melba 1861 - 1931 operatic lyric coloratura soprano
Araken Peixoto Araken Peixoto 1930 - 2009 Singer and trumpeter of jazz, samba and bossa nova
Khan Roshan Khan Khan Roshan Khan 1914 - 1988 Civil servant, historian, biographer, author
Khadija Mastoor Khadija Mastoor 1927 - 1982 Dramatist and short story writer
Dao Thi Nguyet Minh Dao Thi Nguyet Minh 1903 - 1964 Poet
Joseph Tomelty Joseph Tomelty 1911 - 1995 Actor and playwright
Malik Ishaq Malik Ishaq 1959 - 2015 Senior commander of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
Carlos Wiesse Portocarrero Carlos Wiesse Portocarrero 1859 - 1945 scholar, historian
Naziha al Dulaimi Naziha al Dulaimi 1923 - 2007 founder and first president of the Iraqi Women's
Elena Moldovan Popoviciu Elena Moldovan Popoviciu 1924 - 2009 Mathematician
Hans-Georg Gadamer Hans-Georg Gadamer 1900 - 2002 Philosophical hermeneutics
Robert Campeau Robert Campeau 1923 - 2017 Real estate developer and corporate raider
Saito Makoto Saito Makoto 1858 - 1936 Prime Minister of Japan, Governor-General of Korea
Astrud Gilberto Astrud Gilberto 1940 - 2023 Bossa nova singer and songwriter
Sun Duoci Sun Duoci 1912 - 1975 Avant-garde painter
Wu Yin Wu Yin 1909 - 1991 Actress
Silviu Brucan Silviu Brucan 1916 - 2006 political analyst
Nostradamus Nostradamus 1503 - 1566 Astrologer and physician
John Meillon John Meillon 1934 - 1989 Character actor and voice-over artist
Ivan Paskevich Ivan Paskevich 1782 - 1856 Field marshal who repelled Napoleon's invasion
Tsin Ting Tsin Ting 1934 - 2022 Punjabi folk singer and dubbing artist
Janez Jalen Janez Jalen 1891 - 1966 Writer, Priest
Daniel Sada Daniel Sada 1953 - 2011 Poet and writer
Hamengkubuwono IX Hamengkubuwono IX 1912 - 1988 Deputy Army chief-of-staff
Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr 1913 - 1996 General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood
Abdul Raziq Achakzai Abdul Raziq Achakzai 1979 - 2018 Police Chief
Jozef Noji Jozef Noji 1909 - 1943 Long-distance runner
Christopher Robin Milne Christopher Robin Milne 1920 - 1996 Author and bookseller
Phraya Manopakorn Nititada Phraya Manopakorn Nititada 1884 - 1948 Prime Minister
Margaret Morris Margaret Morris 1891 - 1980 Dancer and choreographer
Ahuti Prasad Ahuti Prasad 1958 - 2015 Telugu film actor
Oswaldo Cruz Oswaldo Cruz 1872 - 1917 Physician and scientist
Arne Garborg Arne Garborg 1851 - 1924 Novelist, poet, playwright, essayist
Shabbir Rana Shabbir Rana 1952 - 2023 Film, television and stage actor, director
Pietro Kobke Krohn Pietro Kobke Krohn 1840 - 1905 Portrait painter
Tuanku Imam Bonjol Tuanku Imam Bonjol 1772 - 1864 Islamic leader and fighter in the Padri War
John Hurt John Hurt 1940 - 2017 Actor and voice actor
Aare Boluwatife Akin-Olugbade Aare Boluwatife Akin-Olugbade 1956 - 2021 lawyer and Rolls-Royce collector
Ahmet Ertegun Ahmet Ertegun 1923 - 2006 Co-founder and president of Atlantic Records
Jamil Bachir Jamil Bachir 1920 - 1977 Oud player and teacher
Freshta Kohistani Freshta Kohistani 1991 - 2020 Activist
Emil Botta Emil Botta 1911 - 1977 Actor, Writer
John Edward Broadbent John Edward Broadbent 1936 - 2024 Politician, Political Scientist
Mohammad Ali Bogra Mohammad Ali Bogra 1909 - 1963 Third Prime Minister of Pakistan
Margaret of Provence Margaret of Provence 1221 - 1295 Queen of France, wife of Louis IX
Omar Dhani Omar Dhani 1924 - 1965 Commander of the Indonesian Air Force
Paula Rego Paula Rego 1935 - 2022 Painter and printmaker
Hussain Hotak Hussain Hotak 1709 - 1738 Maoist student leader
Kom Chuanchuen Kom Chuanchuen 1958 - 2021 Comedian, Actor
Philip Jaisohn Philip Jaisohn 1864 - 1951 Korean independence activist and journalist
Akkamappettai Paramasivan Nagarajan Akkamappettai Paramasivan Nagarajan 1928 - 1977 Film director, producer, actor and writer
Ricardo Gonzalez Gutierrez Ricardo Gonzalez Gutierrez 1946 - 2021 Clown, TV host, actor
Louis Cappel Louis Cappel 1585 - 1658 Protestant churchman and scholar
Nils Kaer Nils Kaer 1870 - 1924 Playwright and critic
Munzir Al Musawa Munzir Al Musawa 1973 - 2013 Former robber and gambling tycoon
Kazimierz Funk Kazimierz Funk 1884 - 1967 Biochemist
Natasja Saad Natasja Saad 1974 - 2007 Singer and deejay
Jardel Filho Jardel Filho 1927 - 1983 TV and theater pioneer
Johann Augustin Pucher Johann Augustin Pucher 1814 - 1864 Priest, inventor, photographer
Ewa Demarczyk Ewa Demarczyk 1941 - 2020 singer
Anders Hovden Anders Hovden 1860 - 1943 Lutheran minister and author
Mihai Olos Mihai Olos 1940 - 2015 conceptual artist
Vicente Lenero Vicente Lenero 1933 - 2014 Novelist, playwright, screenwriter
Prafulla Dahanukar Prafulla Dahanukar 1934 - 2014 Painter, leader in modern Indian art, benefactor
Vintila Horia Vintila Horia 1915 - 1992 Writer
Henning von Tresckow Henning von Tresckow 1901 - 1944 Major general in the German Army
Jesus Jesus -4 - 33
Pavel Korin Pavel Korin 1892 - 1967 Painter and art restorer
Nikos Skalkottas Nikos Skalkottas 1904 - 1949 modernist composer and violinist
Antonio Jesus Correia Antonio Jesus Correia 1924 - 2003 Football and roller hockey player
Ignacio Barraquer Barraquer Ignacio Barraquer Barraquer 1884 - 1965 Ophthalmologist
Felix Dupanloup Felix Dupanloup 1802 - 1878 Bishop of Orléans, leader of Liberal Catholicism
Joseph Michael Kerrigan Joseph Michael Kerrigan 1884 - 1964 Actor and director
Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan 1948 - 2022
Vilhelmine Jais Oppenheim Vilhelmine Jais Oppenheim 1886 - 1949 Painter and sculptor
Willibrordus Rendra Willibrordus Rendra 1935 - 2009 Poet, dramatist, activist, performer, actor
Anton Tomaz Linhart Anton Tomaz Linhart 1756 - 1795 Playwright and Historian
Liu Changchun Liu Changchun 1909 - 1983 Sprinter
Antonio Carlos Jobim Antonio Carlos Jobim 1927 - 1994 Composer of bossa nova and Latin jazz
Guy Fawkes Guy Fawkes 1570 - 1606 Conspirator
Shiv Ram Kashyap Shiv Ram Kashyap 1882 - 1934 botany professor and researcher
Fadwa Souleimane Fadwa Souleimane 1970 - 2017 Actress
Dao Duy Tu Dao Duy Tu 1572 - 1634 scholar, poet, mandarin
Barbara Orbison Barbara Orbison 1950 - 2011 Music producer and publisher, entrepreneur
Zaleha Ismail Zaleha Ismail 1936 - 2020 Minister of National Unity
Lor Tok Lor Tok 1914 - 2002 Comedian, Actor
John Winston Ono Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon 1940 - 1980 Musician-peace activist
Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet 1899 - 1985 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine
Kadri Roshi Kadri Roshi 1924 - 2007 Actor for National Theatre of Albania
Sam Loco Efe Sam Loco Efe 1945 - 2011 Actor, producer, director
Wilhelm Wundt Wilhelm Wundt 1832 - 1920 Founder of experimental psychology, Structuralism
Camilo Jose Cela Camilo Jose Cela 1916 - 2002 Writer, novelist, essayist, journalist
Arif Mardin Arif Mardin 1932 - 2006 Music producer and arranger
Ouay Ketusingh Ouay Ketusingh 1908 - 1990 Physician, Professor
Petru Mocanu Petru Mocanu 1931 - 2016 Mathematician
Homer Homer -701 - -800 Epic poet
Khalilullah Khalili Khalilullah Khalili 1907 - 1987 Poet, Historian
Maria Luisa Puga Maria Luisa Puga 1944 - 2004 Novelist and essayist
Dimitris Mitropanos Dimitris Mitropanos 1948 - 2012 Singer of laiko and entekhno music
Zhang Tingyu Zhang Tingyu 1672 - 1755 Minister of Justice and historian
Juan de la Cierva Juan de la Cierva 1895 - 1936 Aeronautical engineer inventor of the autogiro
Ovidiu Papadima Ovidiu Papadima 1909 - 1996 Literary Critic
Magna Lykseth-Skogman Magna Lykseth-Skogman 1874 - 1949 Operatic soprano
Nikolaos Makarezos Nikolaos Makarezos 1919 - 2009 Army officer and junta leader
Kamil Pasha al-Qudsi Kamil Pasha al-Qudsi 1845 - 1926 Governor General of the State of Aleppo
Trygve Bratteli Trygve Bratteli 1910 - 1984 Prime minister of Norway
Adnan Pachachi Adnan Pachachi 1923 - 2019 Iraqi Foreign Minister and UN Representative
John Olsen John Olsen 1928 - 2023 Landscape painter
Charles Babbage Charles Babbage 1791 - 1871 Originator of the concept a programmable computer
Sandhya Mukhopadhyay Sandhya Mukhopadhyay 1931 - 2022 Playback singer
Teoctist Arapasu Teoctist Arapasu 1915 - 2007 Patriarch
Princess Farial of Egypt Princess Farial of Egypt 1938 - 2009 Teacher
Leopoldo Nachbin Leopoldo Nachbin 1922 - 1993 structural stability of dynamical systems
Aminu Isah Kontagora Aminu Isah Kontagora 1956 - 2021 military administrator of Benue and Kano states
Ernest Shonekan Ernest Shonekan 1936 - 2022 Interim head of state of Nigeria
Paul Gustave Fischer Paul Gustave Fischer 1860 - 1934 Painter of city life and bathing scenes
Harrison McCain Harrison McCain 1927 - 2004 Co-founder of McCain Foods Limited
Agnes Arnauld Agnes Arnauld 1593 - 1671 Abbess of Port-Royal
Ramesses I Ramesses I -1318 - -1290 Founder of the 19th dynasty
Konstantin Korovin Konstantin Korovin 1861 - 1939 Painter of landscapes, portraits
Xiong Xiling Xiong Xiling 1870 - 1937 Premier of the Republic of China
Peter Wooldridge Townsend Peter Wooldridge Townsend 1914 - 1995 RAF officer and courtier
John Molson John Molson 1763 - 1836 Founder of Molson Brewery
Ahmed Nedim Ahmed Nedim 1681 - 1730 Ottoman lyric poet of the Tulip Period
Ion Gheorghe Duca Ion Gheorghe Duca 1879 - 1933 Politician
Antonio Abujamra Antonio Abujamra 1932 - 2015 acting in O Cangaceiro and other films
Daijiro Kato Daijiro Kato 1976 - 2003 Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
Tamara Miansarova Tamara Miansarova 1931 - 2017 Soviet pop and soprano singer
John David McAfee John David McAfee 1945 - 2021 Computer programmer
Janusz Kupcewicz Janusz Kupcewicz 1955 - 2022 Midfielder
Francesc Pi i Margall Francesc Pi i Margall 1824 - 1901 President of the First Spanish Republic
Mamoru Shigemitsu Mamoru Shigemitsu 1887 - 1957 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Kristaq Mitro Kristaq Mitro 1948 - 2023 Director and writer for National Theatre
Fu Baolu Fu Baolu 1913 - 1943 Pole vaulter
Teresa Remiszewska Teresa Remiszewska 1928 - 2002 Sailor, journalist, political activist
Koxinga Koxinga 1624 - 1662 Southern Ming general and ruler of Taiwan
Zlatko Sugman Zlatko Sugman 1932 - 2008 Theatre and Film Actor
Errol Flynn Errol Flynn 1909 - 1959 known for his romantic swashbuckler roles
Apollinary Vasnetsov Apollinary Vasnetsov 1856 - 1933 Historical and landscape painter
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 2. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 3. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 4. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 5. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 6. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 7. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

    Faisal I of Iraq Profile

  • 8. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 9. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 10. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

    Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Profile

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