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Leon Bakst Leon Bakst 1866 - 1924 Scene and costume design for the Ballets Russes
Sarfraz Rafiqui Sarfraz Rafiqui 1935 - 1965 Flying ace and war hero
Tahir Allauddin Al Qadri Al Gillani Tahir Allauddin Al Qadri Al Gillani 980 - 1037 Shafi'i scholar and mathematician
Ndoc Nikaj Ndoc Nikaj 1864 - 1951 Literary historian and writer
Giacomo Puccini Giacomo Puccini 1858 - 1924 Composer
James Randi James Randi 1928 - 2020 Stage Magician, Scientific Skeptic
Yellapragada Subbarow Yellapragada Subbarow 1895 - 1948 Biochemist and researcher
Abu Mansur al Baghdadi Abu Mansur al Baghdadi 980 - 1037 Shafi'i scholar and mathematician
Ahmed Rushdi Ahmed Rushdi 1934 - 1983 Folk singer and musician
Thabit AbdulNour Thabit AbdulNour 1890 - 1945 Leader of the Golden Square group
Iolanda Balas Iolanda Balas 1936 - 2016 Athlete
Jakob Fugger Jakob Fugger 1459 - 1525 Mining entrepreneur and financier of the Habsburgs
Gal Costa Gal Costa 1945 - 2022 Samba-canção singer and actress
Nur Muhammad Taraki Nur Muhammad Taraki 1917 - 1979 Politician, Journalist, Writer
Mihail Sebastian Mihail Sebastian 1907 - 1945 Playwright
Flor Silvestre Flor Silvestre 1930 - 2020 Singer and actress
Dragotin Cvetko Dragotin Cvetko 1911 - 1993 Musicologist
Boris Strel Boris Strel 1959 - 2013 Alpine Skier
Mimi Mariani Mimi Mariani 1928 - 1971 Actress and singer
Ezra Dangoor Ezra Dangoor 1848 - 1930 Chief Rabbi of Baghdad and founder
Ignacio Lopez Tarso Ignacio Lopez Tarso 1925 - 2023 Actor of stage, film and television
Salvador Elizondo Salvador Elizondo 1932 - 2006 Novelist, poet, critic, playwright, journalist
Andrei Grechko Andrei Grechko 1903 - 1976 Soviet military commander and Minister
Amjad Khan Amjad Khan 1940 - 1992 Hindi film actor
Karimanal Venkatesan Anand Karimanal Venkatesan Anand 1966 - 2021 Cinematographer and director
Manuel Carpio Manuel Carpio 1791 - 1860 Poet, theologian, physician, and politician
Nazir Ahmed Nazir Ahmed 1898 - 1998 Medical researcher, writer, and founder
Thich Quang Duc Thich Quang Duc 1897 - 1963 Monk
Bogdan Norcic Bogdan Norcic 1953 - 2004 Ski jumper
Sidhu Moose Wala Sidhu Moose Wala 1993 - 2022 Rapper, singer, songwriter, actor, politician
Ruby Rich Ruby Rich 1888 - 1988 journalist, editor, and feminist
Hassan Sobhi Mourad Hassan Sobhi Mourad 1942 - 2015 Academic
Isao Tomita Isao Tomita 1932 - 2016 Electronic music pioneer
Vasily Polenov Vasily Polenov 1844 - 1927 Founder of the school of Russian landscape
Cornelio Reyna Cornelio Reyna 1940 - 1997 Regional Mexican singer, composer and actor
Leif Larsen Leif Larsen 1906 - 1990 Shetland bus operator
Nils Collett Vogt Nils Collett Vogt 1864 - 1937 Poet and writer
Ja'afar Mahmud Adam Ja'afar Mahmud Adam 1960 - 2007 Salafist Islamic scholar
Hernan Cortes Hernan Cortes 1485 - 1547 Spanish conquistador
Mariana Nicolesco Mariana Nicolesco 1948 - 2022 Operatic Soprano
Xuan Dieu Xuan Dieu 1916 - 1985 Poet
Irina Gribulina Irina Gribulina 1953 - 2008 Folk singer-songwriter
Manuel Esperon Manuel Esperon 1911 - 2011 Composer and songwriter for Mexican films
Max Bruch Max Bruch 1838 - 1920 Composer of violin concertos and other works
Bhupen Khakhar Bhupen Khakhar 1934 - 2003 India's first Pop artist
Alan Arnett McLeod Alan Arnett McLeod 1899 - 1918 Aviator
Ivana Kobilca Ivana Kobilca 1861 - 1926 Painter
Maki Kureishi Maki Kureishi 1927 - 1995 Poet, writer, broadcaster
Henri Matisse Henri Matisse 1869 - 1954 Painter, printmaker, sculptor, draughtsman
Isambard Kingdom Brunel Isambard Kingdom Brunel 1806 - 1859 Mechanical and construction engineer
Yu Ji Yu Ji 1739 - 1823 Painter of the Qing Dynasty
Gordon Piper Gordon Piper 1932 - 2004 Actor, theatre director, scriptwriter and comedian
Anecy Rocha Anecy Rocha 1942 - 1977 Actress of cinema, television and theater
Abdullahi Ibrahim Abdullahi Ibrahim 1939 - 2021 Federal Minister of Justice
Fran Ramovs Fran Ramovs 1890 - 1952 Linguist
Kjell Hallbing Kjell Hallbing 1934 - 2004 Author of western books
Su Xuelin Su Xuelin 1897 - 1999 Writer and literary scholar
Nikolai Bulganin Nikolai Bulganin 1895 - 1975 Premier of the Soviet Union
Angela Ruiz Robles Angela Ruiz Robles 1895 - 1975 Inventor of the mechanical precursor
Maria Bashkirtseva Maria Bashkirtseva 1858 - 1884 Portraits and cityscapes
Amanullah Khan Amanullah Khan 1892 - 1960 King of Afghanistan
George Armstrong Custer George Armstrong Custer 1839 - 1876 Civil War and Indian Wars officer
Kazimierz Funk Kazimierz Funk 1884 - 1967 Biochemist
Hadiya Khalaf Abbas Hadiya Khalaf Abbas 1958 - 2021 Speaker of the People's Council of Syria
Christian Norberg-Schulz Christian Norberg-Schulz 1926 - 2000 Architectural historian and phenomenologist
Joaquina Vedruna de Mas Joaquina Vedruna de Mas 1783 - 1854 Founder of the Carmelite Sisters of Charity
Pascal Bentoiu Pascal Bentoiu 1927 - 2016 Composer
Kubra Noorzai Kubra Noorzai 1932 - 1986 Minister of Public Health
Ali Jawdat al Aiyubi Ali Jawdat al Aiyubi 1913 - 1969 Prime Minister of Iraq
Nelson Rodrigues Nelson Rodrigues 1912 - 1980 Writer and playwright
Solhi al Wadi Solhi al Wadi 1934 - 2007 Qanun player and director of Radio Orchestra
Adedigba Mukaila Adedigba Mukaila 1950 - 2023 Nollywood actor and director
Ghulam Muhammad Ghobar Ghulam Muhammad Ghobar 1897 - 1978 Afghan history and politics
Olive Ashworth Olive Ashworth 1915 - 2000 Graphic designer and industrial designer
Julian Figueroa Julian Figueroa 1996 - 2023 Singer and actor
Prem Tinsulanonda Prem Tinsulanonda 1920 - 2019 Military Officer, Politician
Empress Suiko Empress Suiko 554 - 628 Empress of Japan
Daniel Carasso Daniel Carasso 1905 - 2009 Founder of Danone and Dannon
Maurice Chevalier Maurice Chevalier 1888 - 1972 French musical-comedy star and entertainer
Nubar Pasha Nubar Pasha 1825 - 1899 Prime Minister of Egypt
Francisco Jorge Stanley Albaitero Francisco Jorge Stanley Albaitero 1942 - 1999 TV host, comedian, poet, politician
Kenneth G. Mills Kenneth G. Mills 1923 - 2004 designer
Tonny Koeswoyo Tonny Koeswoyo 1936 - 1987 Leader of Koes Plus
Kundan Lal Saigal Kundan Lal Saigal 1904 - 1947 Singer,actor,first superstar film industry
Shan Tianfang Shan Tianfang 1934 - 2018 Pingshu performer
Wilfred Bigelow Wilfred Bigelow 1913 - 2005 Heart surgeon and scientist
Enoch Powell Enoch Powell 1912 - 1998 Minister of Health, Conservative MP
Leonid Dimov Leonid Dimov 1926 - 1987 Poet and translator
Feng Guozhang Feng Guozhang 1859 - 1919 President of the Republic of China
Narciso Martinez Narciso Martinez 1911 - 1992 Accordionist and composer
Kenzo Tange Kenzo Tange 1913 - 2005 Architect and urban planner
cerciz Topulli cerciz Topulli 1880 - 1915 Revolutionary and guerrilla fighter
Louis IX Louis IX 1214 - 1270 King of France and Crusader
Datuk Rahman Anwar Syed Datuk Rahman Anwar Syed 1932 - 2009 Organic chemist and natural product researcher
Charles Kao Charles Kao 1933 - 2018 Fiber optics,electrical engineering
Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso 1881 - 1973
Ahmed Urabi Ahmed Urabi 1841 - 1911 Army officer and leader of the ʻUrabi revolt
Diophantus Diophantus -200 - -284 Author of Arithmetica
John David McAfee John David McAfee 1945 - 2021 Computer programmer
Arsenie Boca Arsenie Boca 1910 - 1989 Priest
Alfred John Scow Alfred John Scow 1927 - 2013 First Aboriginal lawyer and judge in BC
William Howard Taft William Howard Taft 1857 - 1930 President and chief justice of the United States
William Hall William Hall 1827 - 1904 Naval Seaman
Phan Dinh Phung Phan Dinh Phung 1847 - 1896 Revolutionary Leader
Kjell Lund Kjell Lund 1927 - 2013 Architect, songwriter and singer
Kim In-hyeok Kim In-hyeok 1995 - 2022 Professional volleyball player
Flavian I of Antioch Flavian I of Antioch 320 - 404 Bishop of Antioch
Beatriz Segall Beatriz Segall 1926 - 2018 Actress of cinema, television and theater
Ruby Violet Payne-Scott Ruby Violet Payne-Scott 1912 - 1981 Radio astronomer and radio physicist
Hans Andersen Brendekilde Hans Andersen Brendekilde 1857 - 1942 Realist painter
Nazem al-Jaafari Nazem al-Jaafari 1918 - 2015 Painter, pioneer of impressionism in Syria
Abdullah Ansari Abdullah Ansari 1006 - 1088 Poet, mystic, scholar, commentator of the Quran
Abbe Pierre Abbe Pierre 1912 - 2007 founder of Emmaüs movement
Tahir Shamsi Tahir Shamsi 1962 - 2021 Bone marrow transplant physician
Mikhail Demyanov Mikhail Demyanov 1873 - 1913 Painter and illustrator
Konstantin Korovin Konstantin Korovin 1861 - 1939 Painter of landscapes, portraits
Leo Funtek Leo Funtek 1885 - 1965 Musician, Conductor, Professor
Boonchu Rojanastien Boonchu Rojanastien 1921 - 2007 Banker and Politician
Ali Dino Ali Dino 1890 - 1938 Cartoonist and Member of the Greek Parliament
Mitsumasa Yonai Mitsumasa Yonai 1880 - 1948 Navy admiral and Prime Minister of Japan
Welington de Melo Welington de Melo 1946 - 2016 structural stability of dynamical systems
Martin Luis Guzman Martin Luis Guzman 1887 - 1976 Revolutionary novel
Sukru Kaya Sukru Kaya 1883 - 1959 Minister of Interior and Foreign Affairs
Erich Johann Albert Raeder Erich Johann Albert Raeder 1876 - 1960 Commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine
Janusz Korczak Janusz Korczak 1878 - 1942 Pediatrician, children's author, pedagogue
Will Ashton Will Ashton 1881 - 1963 Painter and art critic
Fernando Lanhas Fernando Lanhas 1923 - 2012 Painter, architect and astronomer
Hans Henrik Jaeger Hans Henrik Jaeger 1854 - 1910 Leader of the Kristiania Bohemians
Menahem Saleh Daniel Menahem Saleh Daniel 1846 - 1940 Businessman, landowner, philanthropist
Dolores Ibarruri Dolores Ibarruri 1895 - 1989 Member of the Communist Party of Spain
Ales Debeljak Ales Debeljak 1961 - 2016 Cultural critic
Halide Edib Adivar Halide Edib Adivar 1884 - 1964 Novelist and feminist activist
Nasrollah Sarvari Nasrollah Sarvari 1942 - 2017 Painter
Emperor Sutoku Emperor Sutoku 1119 - 1164 Emperor of Japan
Miron Nicolescu Miron Nicolescu 1903 - 1975 Mathematician
Artati Marzuki Sudirdjo Artati Marzuki Sudirdjo 1921 - 2011 Indonesia's first labor minister
Cluny MacPherson Cluny MacPherson 1879 - 1966 Gas mask
Maqbula al-Shalak Maqbula al-Shalak 1921 - 1986 Writer and lawyer
Ahn Sahng-hong Ahn Sahng-hong 1918 - 1985 Founder of the Church of God Jesus Witnesses
Obinna Nwafor Obinna Nwafor 1965 - 2023 Nollywood actor and producer
Joao Domingos Bomtempo Joao Domingos Bomtempo 1775 - 1842 Composer and pianist
Janusz Sidlo Janusz Sidlo 1933 - 1993 Javelin thrower
Aftab Ghulam Nabi Kazi Aftab Ghulam Nabi Kazi 1919 - 2016 Organic chemist and natural product researcher
Fu Ssu nien Fu Ssu nien 1896 - 1950 Historian, linguist, writer
Fibonacci Fibonacci 1170 - 1250 Mathematician
Kirsten Sand Kirsten Sand 1895 - 1996 Architect
Galileo di Vincenzo the father of Galileo Galileo di Vincenzo the father of Galileo 1564 - 1642 Italian astronomer physicist engineer
Jozef Beck Jozef Beck 1894 - 1944 Foreign minister of Poland
Nongchanai Prinyathawat Nongchanai Prinyathawat 1921 - 2014 Novelist, Professor
Sun Yat sen Sun Yat sen 1866 - 1925 Founder of the Republic of China
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 2. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

    Vo Nguyen Giap Profile

  • 3. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 4. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

    Faisal I of Iraq Profile

  • 5. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 6. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 7. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 8. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 9. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 10. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Profile

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