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Jutta Graae Jutta Graae 1906 - 1997 Bank employee, resistance member
Wang Yuanqi Wang Yuanqi 1642 - 1715 Landscape painter and theorist
Violeta Manushi Violeta Manushi 1926 - 2007 Actress and poet for The Voice
Tafa Oloyede Tafa Oloyede 1953 - 2022 Yoruba theatre artist
John Bromwich John Bromwich 1918 - 1999 Tennis player, winner
Gloria Fuertes Gloria Fuertes 1917 - 1998 Novelist and poet
Tancredo Neves Tancredo Neves 1910 - 1985 President-elect of Brazil
Ana Luisa Amaral Ana Luisa Amaral 1956 - 2022 Poet, translator
Frances Power Cobbe Frances Power Cobbe 1822 - 1904 Writer, philosopher, social reformer
Murad III Murad III 1546 - 1595 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Nexhmije Pagarusha Nexhmije Pagarusha 1933 - 2020 Singer and soprano
Ivan Zulueta Ivan Zulueta 1943 - 2009 Film director, designer, screenwriter, actor
Isao Inokuma Isao Inokuma 1938 - 2001 Judo champion
Ibnu Sutowo Ibnu Sutowo 1914 - 2001 President Director of Pertamina
Mustafa III Mustafa III 1717 - 1774 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Muhib Al Din Al Khatib Muhib Al Din Al Khatib 1886 - 1969 Salafi writer and editor
Gabriela Zapolska Gabriela Zapolska 1857 - 1921 Novelist, playwright, naturalist writer
Balwant Rai Mehta Balwant Rai Mehta 1899 - 1965 Chief Minister of Gujarat
Sudharmono Sudharmono 1927 - 2006 Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly
Maeve Binchy Maeve Binchy 1939 - 2012 Novelist and columnist
Henri de Saint-Simon Henri de Saint-Simon 1760 - 1825 Social reformer and founder of Christian socialism
Ephrem the Syrian Ephrem the Syrian 306 - 373 Hymnographer and biblical commentator
Srinivasa Ramanujan Srinivasa Ramanujan 1887 - 1920 Mathematical genius
Iuliu Hossu Iuliu Hossu 1885 - 1970 Bishop
Leopold von Ranke Leopold von Ranke 1795 - 1886 founder of modern source-based history
Gbenga Adeboye Gbenga Adeboye 1959 - 2003 Comedian and radio presenter
Ahmed Zaki Ahmed Zaki 1949 - 2005
Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski 1807 - 1867 Composer, pianist, conductor, teacher
Germaine Dulac Germaine Dulac 1882 - 1942 Film director, film theorist
Luis Zapata Luis Zapata 1951 - 2020 Novelist
Gudolf Blakstad Gudolf Blakstad 1893 - 1985 Architect
Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih 1925 - 2004 Actress
Doppo Kunikida Doppo Kunikida 1871 - 1908 Novelist and romantic poet
Nini Roll Anker Nini Roll Anker 1873 - 1942 Novelist and playwright
Xawery Dunikowski Xawery Dunikowski 1875 - 1964 Sculptor and artist
Alexander Grigoriev Alexander Grigoriev 1831 - 1894 Painter of historical and religious subjects
Jakkrit Panichpatikum Jakkrit Panichpatikum 1973 - 2013 Sport Shooter
Pisharoth Rama Pisharoty Pisharoth Rama Pisharoty 1909 - 2002 Remote sensing, meteorology
Chiranjeevi Sarja Chiranjeevi Sarja 1980 - 2020 Actor and director
Jacques Davy Duperron Jacques Davy Duperron 1556 - 1618 Cardinal and diplomat
V K Wellington Koo Wei chun V K Wellington Koo Wei chun 1888 - 1985 Diplomat and statesman of the Republic of China
Ismail Cem ipeki Ismail Cem ipeki 1940 - 2007 Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey
Henrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen 1828 - 1906 Playwright and theatre director
Philip IV of France Philip IV of France 1268 - 1314 King of France and Navarre
Dimitrie Cantemir Dimitrie Cantemir 1673 - 1723 Prince of Moldavia
Dionysios Solomos Dionysios Solomos 1798 - 1857 Writer of the Hymn to Liberty
Ernest Cormier Ernest Cormier 1885 - 1980 Architect and engineer
Empress Go-Sakuramachi Empress Go-Sakuramachi 1740 - 1813 Empress regnant of Japan
Hiep Hoa Hiep Hoa 1847 - 1883 Emperor
Luis Carlos Prestes Luis Carlos Prestes 1898 - 1990 Leader of the Prestes Column
Denis Johnston Denis Johnston 1901 - 1984 Playwright and war correspondent
Gheorghe I. Bratianu Gheorghe I. Bratianu 1898 - 1953 Historian
Mamdouh Salem Mamdouh Salem 1918 - 1988 Prime Minister of Egypt
Cecilia Meireles Cecilia Meireles 1901 - 1964 Poet and writer
Kazi Zainul Abedin Kazi Zainul Abedin 1892 - 1962 Poet and scholar of Pashto and Persian
Jean Paul Sartre Jean Paul Sartre 1905 - 1980
Ivan Kramberger Ivan Kramberger 1936 - 1992 Inventor, Politician
Harold  Rogers Harold Rogers 1899 - 1994 Founder of Kin Canada
Kazuo Koike Kazuo Koike 1936 - 2019 Manga writer, novelist, entrepreneur
Saydal Sokhandan Saydal Sokhandan 1950 - 1973 Maoist student leader
Asma Jahangir Asma Jahangir 1952 - 2018 Human rights lawyer and social activist
Sultan Hashim Ahmad al Tai Sultan Hashim Ahmad al Tai 1945 - 2010 Minister of Defense and Interior
Le Duan Le Duan 1907 - 1986 Politician
Leon Dehon Leon Dehon 1843 - 1925 Founder of the Congregation of the Sacred Heart
Lutfi al-Haffar Lutfi al-Haffar 1885 - 1968 Founder of the National Bloc
Jiang Zemin Jiang Zemin 1926 - 2022 General secretary of the Chinese Communist
Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi 1931 - 1972 Former Ruler of Sharjah.
Ho Ping sung Ho Ping sung 1890 - 1946 Educator, writer, historian
Jaroslaw Marek Rymkiewicz Jaroslaw Marek Rymkiewicz 1935 - 2022 Poet, essayist, dramatist, translator
Jeronimo Trevino Jeronimo Trevino 1835 - 1914 General and Governor of Nuevo León
Gheorghe Craciun Gheorghe Craciun 1950 - 2007 Writer
Stanislava Brezovar Stanislava Brezovar 1937 - 2003 Ballerina
Stefania Maracineanu Stefania Maracineanu 1882 - 1944 Physicist
Abdurrahim Buza Abdurrahim Buza 1905 - 1986 Painter and teacher of Drawing Artistic School
S. P. Jananathan S. P. Jananathan 1959 - 2021 Film director, screenwriter, producer
Sejfulla Maleshova Sejfulla Maleshova 1900 - 1971 Writer, translator, activist
Jerzy Chromik Jerzy Chromik 1931 - 1987 Long-distance runner
Hong Liangji Hong Liangji 1746 - 1809 Historian, reformist scholar of the Qing dynasty
Elias Gleizer Elias Gleizer 1934 - 2015 TV and theater pioneer
Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe 1918 - 1947 Regent of Suppa, commander
Sun Yu Sun Yu 1900 - 1990 Film director and screenwriter
Fou Ts ong Fou Ts ong 1934 - 2020 Pianist of contemporary classical music
Xiao Hong Xiao Hong 1911 - 1942 Writer ,novelist of modern Chinese literature
Chen Yunshang Chen Yunshang 1919 - 2016 Actress and singer
Grigore Gafencu Grigore Gafencu 1892 - 1957 Diplomat
Sinuhe Sinuhe -1990 - -1940 Royal official and adventurer
Arthur Wellesley Arthur Wellesley 1769 - 1852 Defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo
Jamila Hashmi Jamila Hashmi 1929 - 1988 Novelist, playwright, and drama writer
Victor Kennedy Copps Victor Kennedy Copps 1919 - 1988 Mayor
Brian Jones Brian Jones 1942 - 1969 Multi-instrumentalist
Chen Lin Chen Lin 1970 - 2009 Mandopop singer
Jose Luis Saenz de Heredia Jose Luis Saenz de Heredia 1911 - 1992 Film director, documentary maker, producer, actor
Juzo Itami Juzo Itami 1933 - 1997 Film director, screenwriter, actor
Murad II Murad II 1404 - 1451 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Virginia Woolf Virginia Woolf 1882 - 1941 Novelist, essayist, publisher, critic
Vangjush Mio Vangjush Mio 1891 - 1957 Painter and teacher
Pavel Kunaver Pavel Kunaver 1889 - 1988 Educator
Ikram Antaki Ikram Antaki 1948 - 2000 Writer and philosopher
Akechi Mitsuhide Akechi Mitsuhide 1528 - 1582 Samurai general and assassin of Oda Nobunaga
Amaka Igwe Amaka Igwe 1963 - 2014 Writer and director
Vo Chi Cong Vo Chi Cong 1912 - 2011 Politician
Edvard Kocbek Edvard Kocbek 1904 - 1981 Poet, Writer, Politician
Eiko Ishioka Eiko Ishioka 1938 - 2012 Art director, costume designer, graphic designer
Walter Penaloza Walter Penaloza 1920 - 2005 Educator
Conrad Veidt Conrad Veidt 1893 - 1943 Silent film star
Shabbir Rana Shabbir Rana 1952 - 2023 Film, television and stage actor, director
Nubar Pasha Nubar Pasha 1825 - 1899 Prime Minister of Egypt
Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus 12 - 41 Roman emperor
Mirza Muhammad Ali Mirza Muhammad Ali 1853 - 1913 Ottoman generalissimo and grand vizier
Giannis Poulopoulos Giannis Poulopoulos 1941 - 2020 Singer-songwriter
Huseyin Rahmi Gurpinar Huseyin Rahmi Gurpinar 1864 - 1944 Novelist and journalist
George Washington George Washington 1732 - 1799 First president of the United States
Alexandra Feodorovna Alexandra Feodorovna 1872 - 1918 Empress consort of Russia
Antonio Abujamra Antonio Abujamra 1932 - 2015 acting in O Cangaceiro and other films
Alexandros Mavrokordatos Alexandros Mavrokordatos 1791 - 1865 Prime Minister of Greece
Khaled al Rahal Khaled al Rahal 1926 - 1987 Painter and sculptor
Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon 1928 - 2016 particle physics and cosmic rays research
Johan Herman Wessel Johan Herman Wessel 1742 - 1785 Poet and playwright
Matija Bravnicar Matija Bravnicar 1897 - 1977 composer
Rexhep Krasniqi Rexhep Krasniqi 1906 - 1999 Editor of Drita and The Adriatic Review
Ninos Aho Ninos Aho 1945 - 2013 Assyrian poet and activist
Farhad Humayun Farhad Humayun 1978 - 2021 Founder and lead vocalist of Overload
Aleksander Doba Aleksander Doba 1946 - 2021 Ocean kayaker
Murad V Murad V 1840 - 1904 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Ja'afar Mahmud Adam Ja'afar Mahmud Adam 1960 - 2007 Salafist Islamic scholar
Aleksei Brusilov Aleksei Brusilov 1853 - 1926 Military leader in the First World War
Wang Chonghui Wang Chonghui 1881 - 1958 Premier of the Republic of China
Elis Regina Elis Regina 1945 - 1982 Singer of bossa nova, MPB, and jazz
Andrzej Wajda Andrzej Wajda 1926 - 2016 Film and theatre director
Charles Robert Darwin Charles Robert Darwin 1809 - 1882 Naturalist, geologist, biologist
Arsenie Boca Arsenie Boca 1910 - 1989 Priest
Niaz Ahmed Niaz Ahmed 1945 - 2000 Fast-medium bowler
Ahmet Ertegun Ahmet Ertegun 1923 - 2006 Co-founder and president of Atlantic Records
Yang Shoujing Yang Shoujing 1839 - 1915 Minister of Justice and historian
Ion Ghica Ion Ghica 1816 - 1897 Prime Minister
Yao Beina Yao Beina 1981 - 2015 Singer and songwriter
Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez Maria Josefa Cerrato Rodriguez 1897 - 1981 Veterinarian, professor and pharmacist
Erasmo Carlos Erasmo Carlos 1941 - 2022 Singer and composer
Kate Jennings Kate Jennings 1948 - 2021 Writer and feminist activist
Surajit Chandra Sinha Surajit Chandra Sinha 1926 - 2002 anthropologist and administrator
Mihai Olos Mihai Olos 1940 - 2015 conceptual artist
Khawaja Nazimuddin Khawaja Nazimuddin 1894 - 1964 Second Governor-General and Prime Minister
Chatichai Choonhavan Chatichai Choonhavan 1920 - 1998 Politician, Diplomat
Tuti Indra Malaon Tuti Indra Malaon 1939 - 1989 Actress, dancer, lecturer
Xu Shiying Xu Shiying 1873 - 1964 Premier of the Republic of China
Nobusuke Kishi Nobusuke Kishi 1896 - 1987 Prime minister of Japan
Moyses Baumstein Moyses Baumstein 1931 - 1991 Artist, inventor, writer, filmmaker
Toyotomi Hideyori Toyotomi Hideyori 1593 - 1615 Samurai lord, last scion of the Toyotomi clan
Ghulam Haider Hamidi Ghulam Haider Hamidi 1945 - 2011 Mayor of Kandahar
Fernando del Paso Fernando del Paso 1935 - 2018 Novelist, essayist, poet, diplomat
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

  • 2. Faisal I of Iraq

    Died: 1933 A.D
    Slogan: We are the sons of the Arab nation and its sacred mission.

    Faisal I of Iraq was the King of Iraq from 1921 to 1933 and the King of Syria in 1920. He was the son of Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif of Mecca, and a leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was proclaimed king of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in 1920, but was expelled by the French shortly after. He then became the king of Iraq under the British mandate, and negotiated the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, which granted Iraq independence while maintaining British influence. He was a proponent of pan-Arabism and supported the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq and Jordan. He died of a heart attack in Bern, Switzerland, in 1933, and was succeeded by his son Ghazi. He is considered one of the most influential figures in modern Iraqi history and a symbol of Iraqi nationalism.

  • 3. Coco Chanel

    Died: 1971 A.D
    Slogan: A girl should be two things: classy and fabulous.

    Coco Chanel was a French fashion designer and businesswoman who revolutionized the style and aesthetics of women's clothing in the 20th century. She was born in a poorhouse in Saumur, France, and raised by nuns after her mother's death. She learned to sew at a young age and started her career as a milliner. She opened her first shop in Paris in 1910, selling hats and later expanding to clothing. She introduced simple, elegant, and comfortable designs that contrasted with the corseted and elaborate fashion of the time. She popularized the use of jersey fabric, tweed, and black color in women's clothing. She also created iconic accessories such as the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the interlocked-CC monogram. She launched her first perfume, Chanel No. 5, in 1921, which became one of the most famous fragrances in the world. She also designed costumes for theater and cinema, collaborating with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, and Jean Cocteau. She closed her fashion house during World War II and faced controversy for her involvement with a German officer. She returned to fashion in 1954, at the age of 71, and continued to create influential collections until her death in 1971. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in fashion history and a symbol of modern, liberated, and independent womanhood.

  • 4. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

  • 5. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

  • 6. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

  • 7. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

  • 8. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

  • 9. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

  • 10. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

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