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Shiv Ram Kashyap Shiv Ram Kashyap 1882 - 1934 botany professor and researcher
Yellapragada Subbarow Yellapragada Subbarow 1895 - 1948 Biochemist and researcher
Fazal Hadi Shinwari Fazal Hadi Shinwari 1927 - 2011 Chief Justice
Guru Dutt Guru Dutt 1925 - 1964 Film director, producer, actor, choreographer
Chandulal Shah Chandulal Shah 1898 - 1975 director, producer, screenwriter, founder
Charusita Chakravarty Charusita Chakravarty 1964 - 2016 Professor of chemistry at IIT Delhi
Balwant Rai Mehta Balwant Rai Mehta 1899 - 1965 Chief Minister of Gujarat
Kalpana Chawla Kalpana Chawla 1962 - 2003 Astronaut and aerospace engineer
Gemini Ganesan Gemini Ganesan 1920 - 2005 Actor in Tamil cinema
Kashinath Kashinath 1951 - 2018 Actor, director, producer, screenwriter, composer
Channapatna Ramaswami Simha Channapatna Ramaswami Simha 1942 - 2014 Acting and directing in Kannada films
Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya 1918 - 2010 General theory of relativity, Vaidya metric
Ramesh Deo Ramesh Deo 1929 - 2022 Actor, producer, director
James Henry Cousins James Henry Cousins 1873 - 1956 Writer, actor, critic, editor, teacher and poet
Jagjit Singh Jagjit Singh 1941 - 2011 Ghazal singer
Muddu Babu Shetty Muddu Babu Shetty 1938 - 1982 Stuntman, action choreographer and actor
Bob Christo Bob Christo 1938 - 2011 Actor in Hindi films
Hijab Imtiaz Ali Hijab Imtiaz Ali 1908 - 1999 Writer, editor, pilot
Gufi Paintal Gufi Paintal 1944 - 2023 Actor, casting director
Karaganahalli Subbaraya Ashwathanarayana Karaganahalli Subbaraya Ashwathanarayana 1935 - 2022 Actor, producer, director, and politician
Chhabi Biswas Chhabi Biswas 1900 - 1962 Actor and director
Jawaharlal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru 1889 - 1964 First prime minister of independent
Kailasam Balachander Kailasam Balachander 1930 - 2014 Director, writer and producer of Tamil cinema
Gopalasamudram Narayanan Ramachandran Gopalasamudram Narayanan Ramachandran 1922 - 2001 physicist and biophysicist
Waheeda Naseem Waheeda Naseem 1927 - 1996 Novelist, poet, short story writer, fiction writer
Mohammad Hussain Sarahang Mohammad Hussain Sarahang 1924 - 1983 Classical Musician
Johnny Walker Johnny Walker 1924 - 2003 Actor, comedian, bus conductor
Bhim Singh Bhim Singh 1924 - 1978 Film director, producer, editor, and writer
Kamala Sohonie Kamala Sohonie 1911 - 1998 Biochemist and nutritionist
Mrinal Sen Mrinal Sen 1923 - 2018 Film director and screenwriter
Dasari Narayana Rao Dasari Narayana Rao 1942 - 2017 director, producer, screenwriter, actor, lyricist
Zubeida Habib Rahimtoola Zubeida Habib Rahimtoola 1917 - 2015 Social worker, political activist
Abdul Kadar Khatri Abdul Kadar Khatri 1961 - 2019 Bagh Print master craftsman
Jaspal Bhatti Jaspal Bhatti 1955 - 2012 Comedian, satirist, actor, director, producer
Nishikant Kamat Nishikant Kamat 1970 - 2020 Director of Drishyam and Madaari
Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon 1928 - 2016 particle physics and cosmic rays research
Kalipada Ghoshal Kalipada Ghoshal 1906 - 1995 Painter
Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao 1923 - 1996 Actor, director, producer, chief minister
S. P. Jananathan S. P. Jananathan 1959 - 2021 Film director, screenwriter, producer
Laxmikant Berde Laxmikant Berde 1954 - 2004 Actor and comedian, appeared
Ada Jafri Ada Jafri 1924 - 2015 Poet, writer, broadcaster
Ambazhathil Karunakaran Lohithadas Ambazhathil Karunakaran Lohithadas 1955 - 2009 Screenwriter and director of Malayalam cinema
Honnappa Bhagavathar Honnappa Bhagavathar 1915 - 1992 Theatre and film actor, producer, musician
Inder Kumar Inder Kumar 1973 - 2017 Supporting roles in Hindi films
Zafar Muhammad Khan Zafar Muhammad Khan 1942 - 1971 Naval captain and commanding officer
Syed Abdulla Hussain Syed Abdulla Hussain 1944 - 2009 Ornithologist and conservationist
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 1931 - 2015 Missile Man of India
Krishna Raju Krishna Raju 1948 - 2002 Ornithologist and bird ringer
Khawaja Nazimuddin Khawaja Nazimuddin 1894 - 1964 Second Governor-General and Prime Minister
Avtar Kishan Hangal Avtar Kishan Hangal 1914 - 2012 Character actor in Hindi cinema
Padmarajan Padmanabhan Pillai better known Padmarajan Padmanabhan Pillai better known 1945 - 1991 Filmmaker, writer, and newsreader
Paritala Ravindra Paritala Ravindra 1958 - 2005 Cabinet minister and MLA of Andhra Pradesh
Diogo do Couto Diogo do Couto 1542 - 1616 Historian of the Portuguese in Asia and Africa
Manchanahalli Rangaswamy Satyanarayana Rao Manchanahalli Rangaswamy Satyanarayana Rao 1948 - 2023 Chromatin Biology and Cancer Biology
Syed Zahoor Qasim Syed Zahoor Qasim 1926 - 2015 Marine biologist and Antarctic explorer
Surinder Shinda Surinder Shinda 1959 - 2023 Playback singer
Upendranath Brahmachari Upendranath Brahmachari 1873 - 1946 discovering urea stibamine for kala-azar treatment
Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran 1947 - 2017 Film director
Adurthi Subba Rao Adurthi Subba Rao 1912 - 1975 Director, cinematographer, screenwriter,
Gaganendranath Tagore Gaganendranath Tagore 1867 - 1938 Painter and cartoonist of the Bengal School of Art
Jishnu Raghavan Jishnu Raghavan 1979 - 2016 Actor, engineer, social activist
Hara Patnaik Hara Patnaik 1958 - 2015 Actor, director, screenplay writer, singer
Bharat Bhushan Bharat Bhushan 1920 - 1992 Playing Baiju Bawra in the 1952 film
Bholekar Srihari Bholekar Srihari 1941 - 2018 Painter, sculptor and printmaker
Nitin Chandrakant Desai Nitin Chandrakant Desai 1965 - 2023 Art director and production designer
Rajesh Pillai Rajesh Pillai 1974 - 2016 Film director, screenwriter, and newsreader
Prafulla Dahanukar Prafulla Dahanukar 1934 - 2014 Painter, leader in modern Indian art, benefactor
Mother Teresa Mother Teresa 1910 - 1997
 Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jaffrey Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jaffrey 1939 - 2020 Comedian, actor, director, singer
Thanu Padmanabhan Thanu Padmanabhan 1957 - 2021 Theoretical physicist and cosmologist
Farhat Ezekiel Nadira Farhat Ezekiel Nadira 1932 - 2006 Playing seductive and glamorous roles
Subhash Mukhopadhyay Subhash Mukhopadhyay 1931 - 1981 Creator of India's first test tube baby
Raja Ramanna Raja Ramanna 1925 - 2004 Nuclear physicist and director
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri 1923 - 2005 Theoretical physicist and cosmologist
Lala Jagat Narain Lala Jagat Narain 1899 - 1981 Editor, founder of Hind Samachar media group
Sardar Ganda Thakur Singh Sardar Ganda Thakur Singh 1899 - 1976 Painter
Chandrashekhar Vaidya Chandrashekhar Vaidya 1922 - 2021 Actor and filmmaker
Yash Pal Yash Pal 1926 - 2017 Cosmic rays physics, institution-building
Lekh Tandon Lekh Tandon 1929 - 2017 Filmmaker and actor, directed movies
Deven Verma Deven Verma 1937 - 2014 Actor, director and producer of Hindi cinema
Narinder Singh Kapany Narinder Singh Kapany 1926 - 2020 Fiber optics, lasers, solar energy
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis 1893 - 1972 Mahalanobis distance, Feldman–Mahalanobis model,
Naba Kishore Das Naba Kishore Das 1962 - 2023 Minister of Health and Family Welfare of Odisha
Turaga Sundara Rama Prasada Rao Turaga Sundara Rama Prasada Rao 1939 - 2022 Petroleum engineering and heterogeneous catalysis
Vidya Charan Shukla Vidya Charan Shukla 1929 - 2013 Minister of Information and Broadcasting
Ajit Khan Ajit Khan 1922 - 1998 Hindi film actor
Bappi Lahiri Bappi Lahiri 1952 - 2022 Playback singer
Ranajit Chakraborty Ranajit Chakraborty 1946 - 2018 Human and population geneticist
Sufi Ghulam Mustafa Tabassum Sufi Ghulam Mustafa Tabassum 1899 - 1978 Poet, scholar and translator who wrote
Yelavarthy Nayudamma Yelavarthy Nayudamma 1922 - 1985 Chemical engineer and leather technologist
Obaid Siddiqi Obaid Siddiqi 1932 - 2013 Molecular biology, neurogenetics
Ashok Kumar Ashok Kumar 1911 - 2001 Hindi film actor and singer
Vikram Sarabhai Vikram Sarabhai 1919 - 1971 Physicist and astronomer, founder of ISRO
Asima Chatterjee Asima Chatterjee 1917 - 2006 organic chemist and phytomedicine researcher
Shridhar Venkatesh Ketkar Shridhar Venkatesh Ketkar 1884 - 1937 chief editor of Maharashtriya Jnanakosha
Ambareesh Ambareesh 1952 - 2018 Kannada film actor and politician
Badri Narayan Badri Narayan 1929 - 2013 Artist, illustrator, author and story-teller
Rajo Singh Rajo Singh 1928 - 2005 Member of parliament, Lok Sabha
Vani Jairam Vani Jairam 1945 - 2023 Playback singer
Dhiraj Choudhury Dhiraj Choudhury 1936 - 2018 Modern Indian painter and art teacher
Jnan Chandra Ghosh Jnan Chandra Ghosh 1894 - 1959 Chemist and director of IIT Kharagpur
Arun Sarnaik Arun Sarnaik 1935 - 1984 Marathi film actor and singer
Kundan Lal Saigal Kundan Lal Saigal 1904 - 1947 Singer,actor,first superstar film industry
Govindan Aravindan Govindan Aravindan 1935 - 1991 Film director, screenwriter, musician, cartoonist
Ram Mohan Rao Ram Mohan Rao 1939 - 2005 Lead actor in Telugu cinema
Maqbool Fida Husain Maqbool Fida Husain 1915 - 2011 Modernist painter and filmmaker
Farooq Sheikh Farooq Sheikh 1948 - 2013 Actor, film producer, and television presenter
Siva Brata Bhattacherjee Siva Brata Bhattacherjee 1921 - 2003 Professor of physics at the University
Azhikodan Raghavan Azhikodan Raghavan 1919 - 1972 Chief Minister of Saurashtra, leader of opposition
Fakhruddin Ebrahim Fakhruddin Ebrahim 1928 - 2020 Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan
Srinivasa Ramanujan Srinivasa Ramanujan 1887 - 1920 Mathematical genius
Mahendran Mahendran 1939 - 2019 Film director, screenwriter and actor
Harshita Dahiya Harshita Dahiya 1995 - 2017 Playback singer
Ahuti Prasad Ahuti Prasad 1958 - 2015 Telugu film actor
Enebeli Elebuwa Enebeli Elebuwa 1947 - 2012 Actor
Vijay Kumar Kapahi Vijay Kumar Kapahi 1944 - 1999 Astrophysicist and director
Palissery Narayanankutty Menon Palissery Narayanankutty Menon 1926 - 2008 director and art director in Malayalam cinema
Martim Afonso de Sousa Martim Afonso de Sousa 1500 - 1564 First colonizer of Brazil
Sambhu Nath De Sambhu Nath De 1915 - 1985 Medical scientist and researcher
Lata Mangeshkar Lata Mangeshkar 1929 - 2022 Playback Singer and Music Composer
Ramkinkar Baij Ramkinkar Baij 1906 - 1980 Modern Indian sculpture and painting
Chittajallu Pullayya Chittajallu Pullayya 1898 - 1967 Director and producer of Telugu cinema
Satish Gujral Satish Gujral 1925 - 2020 Painter, sculptor, muralist, writer, architect
Sanjay Surkar Sanjay Surkar 1959 - 2012 Marathi film director
Anup Ghoshal Anup Ghoshal 1944 - 2023 Playback singer
Surajit Chandra Sinha Surajit Chandra Sinha 1926 - 2002 anthropologist and administrator
Pratap Singh Kairon Pratap Singh Kairon 1901 - 1965 Chief Minister of Punjab, institution-builder
Rabin Mondal Rabin Mondal 1929 - 2019 founding member of the Calcutta Painters
Raja Paranjape Raja Paranjape 1910 - 1979 Actor, director, producer and writer
Dev Anand Dev Anand 1923 - 2011 Actor, director and producer of Hindi cinema
Karimanal Venkatesan Anand Karimanal Venkatesan Anand 1966 - 2021 Cinematographer and director
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi 1869 - 1948 Leader of the Indian independence movement
Amar Singh Chamkila Amar Singh Chamkila 1960 - 1988 Folk Singer and Songwriter
Haziqul Khairi Haziqul Khairi 1931 - 2023 Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court
Nandalal Bose Nandalal Bose 1882 - 1966 Pioneer of modern Indian art
Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti 1904 - 1981 Engineer
Puttanna Kanagal Puttanna Kanagal 1933 - 1985 Film director, producer, screenwriter
Abanindranath Tagore Abanindranath Tagore 1871 - 1951 Painter and writer
Srikumar Banerjee Srikumar Banerjee 1946 - 2021 Nuclear scientist and engineer
Dada Kondke Dada Kondke 1932 - 1998 Comedy films
Bikash Bhattacharjee Bikash Bhattacharjee 1940 - 2006 Realist and surrealist painter
Chiranjeevi Sarja Chiranjeevi Sarja 1980 - 2020 Actor and director
Buddha Buddha -564 - -483
Kedareswar Banerjee Kedareswar Banerjee 1900 - 1975 X-ray crystallography
Sayed Haider Raza Sayed Haider Raza 1922 - 2016 Modernist painter
Shashikala Shashikala 1932 - 2021 Supporting roles in Bollywood films and TV serials
Bobby Kottarakkara Bobby Kottarakkara 1952 - 2000 Acting in Malayalam films and TV serials
Jaya Prakash Reddy Jaya Prakash Reddy 1946 - 2020 Actor
Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore 1861 - 1941 Poet, writer, composer, painter, philosopher
Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre 1901 - 1990 Film director, producer, actor, and screenwriter
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Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

  • 2. Mother Teresa

    Died: 1997 A.D
    Slogan:

  • 3. Rani Lakshmi Bai

    Died: 1858 A.D
    Slogan: I shall not surrender my Jhansi.

    Rani Lakshmi Bai was the queen of the princely state of Jhansi in North India and a leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. She was born as Manikarnika Tambe in a Brahmin family in Kashi, where she received education in martial arts, horse riding, and fencing. She married Gangadhar Rao, the maharaja of Jhansi, in 1842 and became the rani of Jhansi. She adopted a son, Damodar Rao, as her heir after the death of her biological son and her husband. However, the British East India Company refused to recognize the adoption and annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse in 1853. The rani resisted the British attempts to take over her state and joined the rebellion of 1857, which broke out in Meerut. She became the regent of Jhansi and mobilized her troops to fight against the British. She defended Jhansi from the siege of the British forces led by Sir Hugh Rose in March 1858, but had to flee the fort when the British breached the walls. She escaped to Kalpi, where she joined other rebel leaders like Nana Sahib and Tantia Tope. She then moved to Gwalior, where she captured the fort and proclaimed Nana Sahib as the peshwa of the Maratha Empire. She died on 18 June 1858, while fighting against the British troops at the Battle of Kotah-ki-Serai near Gwalior. She was wounded by a sabre and shot by a carbine. She asked a hermit to burn her body, so that the British could not capture it. She was cremated at Phool Bagh in Gwalior. She is remembered as one of the bravest and most inspirational women in Indian history, who fought for her rights and her country's freedom with courage and valour.

  • 4. Mohammad Ali Jinnah

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Faith, unity, and discipline.

    Mohammad Ali Jinnah was a barrister, politician and the founder of Pakistan. He served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, and then as the Dominion of Pakistan's first governor-general until his death. He is revered as the father of Pakistan and the Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader) by the Pakistani people. He was born in Karachi, British India, into a wealthy merchant family of the Khoja caste. He studied law in London and became a successful lawyer in Bombay. He joined the Indian National Congress in 1906 and advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity and self-government for India. However, he became disillusioned with the Congress and its leader Mahatma Gandhi, who he thought favoured the Hindu majority over the Muslim minority. He left the Congress in 1920 and joined the Muslim League, which sought to protect the rights and interests of the Muslims in India. He became the president of the League in 1913 and transformed it into a mass political movement. He demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India, based on the two-nation theory that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations that could not coexist peacefully. He led the Muslim League in the negotiations with the British government and the Congress for the partition of India. He succeeded in creating Pakistan as a sovereign state on 14 August 1947, after a bloody and violent partition that resulted in the migration of millions of people and the death of hundreds of thousands. He became the first governor-general of Pakistan and worked to establish a democratic and progressive constitution, a strong military, and a stable economy. He also faced many challenges, such as the Kashmir dispute, the refugee crisis, the communal riots, and the opposition from some religious groups. He suffered from poor health and died of tuberculosis on 11 September 1948 in Karachi. He was buried in a mausoleum known as the Mazar-e-Quaid, which is a national symbol of Pakistan. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest leaders of the 20th century and a champion of Muslim rights and dignity.

  • 5. Jawaharlal Nehru

    Died: 1964 A.D
    Slogan: A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old , finds utterance.

    Jawaharlal Nehru was a barrister, politician and the founder of Pakistan. He served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, and then as the Dominion of Pakistan's first governor-general until his death. He is revered as the father of Pakistan and the Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader) by the Pakistani people. He was born in Karachi, British India, into a wealthy merchant family of the Khoja caste. He studied law in London and became a successful lawyer in Bombay. He joined the Indian National Congress in 1906 and advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity and self-government for India. However, he became disillusioned with the Congress and its leader Mahatma Gandhi, who he thought favoured the Hindu majority over the Muslim minority. He left the Congress in 1920 and joined the Muslim League, which sought to protect the rights and interests of the Muslims in India. He became the president of the League in 1913 and transformed it into a mass political movement. He demanded a separate state for the Muslims of India, based on the two-nation theory that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations that could not coexist peacefully. He led the Muslim League in the negotiations with the British government and the Congress for the partition of India. He succeeded in creating Pakistan as a sovereign state on 14 August 1947, after a bloody and violent partition that resulted in the migration of millions of people and the death of hundreds of thousands. He became the first governor-general of Pakistan and worked to establish a democratic and progressive constitution, a strong military, and a stable economy. He also faced many challenges, such as the Kashmir dispute, the refugee crisis, the communal riots, and the opposition from some religious groups. He suffered from poor health and died of tuberculosis on 11 September 1948 in Karachi. He was buried in a mausoleum known as the Mazar-e-Quaid, which is a national symbol of Pakistan. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest leaders of the 20th century and a champion of Muslim rights and dignity.

  • 6. Abanindranath Tagore

    Died: 1951 A.D
    Slogan: The world is fast becoming a big harmonium where we all play our parts.

    Abanindranath Tagore was a prominent artist and writer who played a key role in the development of modern Indian art. He was a nephew of the poet Rabindranath Tagore and a member of the distinguished Tagore family. He learned art from various sources, including European, Japanese, Mughal and Rajput styles. He was the first major exponent of Swadeshi values in Indian art, which aimed to revive the indigenous artistic traditions and counter the influence of Western models. He founded the influential Bengal school of art, which created a nationalistic Indian style that was accepted and promoted by British art institutions. He also wrote several books for children, which are considered landmarks in Bengali literature. Some of his famous works include Bharat Mata, The Passing of Shah Jahan, Buro Angla, Khirer Putul and Shakuntala. He was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Calcutta in 1950. He died on December 5, 1951 at the age of 80. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest artists and writers of India.

  • 7. Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi

    Died: 1984 A.D
    Slogan: You cannot shake hands with a clenched fist

    Indira Gandhi was born Indira Nehru on 19 November 1917 in Allahabad, a city in the United Provinces of British India. She was the only child of Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamala Nehru, who were both prominent leaders of the Indian National Congress and the freedom movement against British colonial rule. Her father became the first Prime Minister of independent India in 1947 and her mother was a social activist who died of tuberculosis in 1936. She received her early education from various schools in India and abroad, including Modern School in Delhi, Ecole Internationale in Geneva, Ecole Nouvelle in Bex and Pupils' Own School in Poona. She also attended Somerville College at Oxford University for a brief period but did not complete her degree. She returned to India in 1941 and joined the Indian National Congress as a member of its working committee. She also became involved in the Quit India Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942. She married Feroze Gandhi, a Parsi journalist and politician, in 1942 despite opposition from some members of her family and community. The couple had two sons, Rajiv and Sanjay, who were born in 1944 and 1946 respectively. Feroze Gandhi died of a heart attack in 1960. She entered politics as a personal assistant to her father and accompanied him on his foreign trips and official visits. She also became the president of the Indian National Congress in 1959. After her father's death in 1964, she was appointed as a member of the Rajya Sabha (upper house of parliament) and became the Minister of Information and Broadcasting in Lal Bahadur Shastri's cabinet. She became the Prime Minister of India in 1966 after Shastri's sudden death. She faced many challenges and crises during her tenure, such as famine, drought, war with Pakistan, internal dissent, economic instability and political unrest. She also initiated many reforms and policies to improve the condition of the poor and marginalized sections of society, such as nationalization of banks, abolition of privy purses, land reforms, promotion of science and technology, expansion of public sector and launch of Green Revolution to increase agricultural production. She also played a decisive role in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971 by supporting the liberation movement of East Pakistan against West Pakistan. She signed the Simla Agreement with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the President of Pakistan, to end the war and establish peace between the two countries. She faced a major political crisis in 1975 when the Allahabad High Court found her guilty of electoral malpractice and disqualified her from holding any public office for six years. She refused to resign and declared a state of emergency in the country, suspending civil liberties and arresting her political opponents. She also launched a controversial family planning program that involved forced sterilization of thousands of men. She lifted the emergency in 1977 and called for fresh elections, in which she and her party suffered a humiliating defeat. She returned to power in 1980 after winning the general elections with a thumping majority. She faced another challenge in the form of Sikh separatism and militancy in Punjab, led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, who demanded a separate state of Khalistan. She ordered a military operation, codenamed Operation Blue Star, to flush out the militants from the Golden Temple, the holiest shrine of the Sikhs, in June 1984. The operation resulted in heavy casualties and damage to the temple, and provoked widespread anger and resentment among the Sikh community. She was assassinated on 31 October 1984 by two of her Sikh bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh, who shot her at point-blank range as she was walking to her office from her residence. Her death sparked anti-Sikh riots in Delhi and other parts of India, in which thousands of Sikhs were killed by mobs. She was cremated with full state honors at Shakti Sthal, a memorial site near Raj Ghat in New Delhi. Her elder son Rajiv Gandhi succeeded her as the Prime Minister of India. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential and charismatic leaders of India who shaped its destiny and development. She is also remembered as a champion of women's rights, secularism, social justice and national security. She was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor, posthumously in 1971. She was also named as "Woman of the Millennium" by a BBC poll in 1999.

  • 8. Maqbool Fida Husain

    Died: 2011 A.D
    Slogan: Art is not a handicraft; it is the transmission of feeling that the artist has experienced.

    Maqbool Fida Husain, also known as M.F. Husain, was one of the most celebrated and internationally recognized Indian artists of the 20th century. He was a founding member of the Bombay Progressive Artists' Group, which aimed to break away from the traditional Indian art style and embrace the modernist movement. He was influenced by the Indian culture, history, and mythology, as well as by the works of European masters such as Picasso and Cezanne. Husain was born on 17 September 1915 in Pandharpur, Maharashtra, India, in a Suleymani Bohra family. He developed an interest in art at an early age and learned calligraphy and Kufic script. He attended the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art in Mumbai but did not complete his education. He started his career as a painter of cinema posters and billboards for Bollywood movies. He also worked as a toy designer and maker. Husain's artistic career took off after the independence and partition of India in 1947. He became associated with the Bombay Progressive Artists' Group, which included artists such as F.N. Souza, S.H. Raza, K.H. Ara, H.A. Gade, and S.K. Bakre. They sought to create a new Indian art that was inspired by the contemporary realities and challenges of the newly independent nation. Husain's paintings depicted a wide range of subjects, such as Gandhi, Mother Teresa, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, the British Raj, and motifs of Indian urban and rural life. He used a vibrant and expressive colour palette and a modified Cubist style to create his distinctive works. Husain was also a prolific filmmaker and made several experimental films that explored various aspects of Indian culture and society. His first film, Through the Eyes of a Painter (1967), won a Golden Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival. His other films include Gaja Gamini (2000), Meenaxi: A Tale of Three Cities (2004), and Rang Rasiya (2008). Husain's later works sparked controversy for depicting Hindu deities in nude or erotic poses. He faced protests, lawsuits, and threats from right-wing groups who accused him of hurting religious sentiments and defaming national symbols. He was forced to go into self-imposed exile in 2006 and lived in various countries such as Qatar, Dubai, London, and New York. He accepted Qatari citizenship in 2010. Husain died on 9 June 2011 at the age of 95 in London due to a heart attack. He was buried at Brookwood Cemetery in Surrey, England. He was honoured with several awards and recognitions during his lifetime, such as Padma Shri (1966), Padma Bhushan (1973), Padma Vibhushan (1991), National Film Award for Best Experimental Film (1967), Lalit Kala Akademi Fellowship (1968), Raja Ravi Varma Award (2007), and Honorary Doctorates from various universities.

  • 9. Dev Anand

    Died: 2011 A.D
    Slogan: Life is too short. I don't have time to speak slowly.

    Dev Anand was one of the most iconic and influential figures of Indian cinema. He started his career as an actor in 1946 with the film Hum Ek Hain, and soon became a leading star of the industry. He was known for his charismatic screen presence, his rapid-fire dialogue delivery and his unique nodding style. He was also a successful director and producer, who founded his own production company, Navketan International Films, in 1949. He made many critically acclaimed and commercially successful films, such as Baazi, Taxi Driver, C.I.D., Kala Pani, Guide, Jewel Thief, Johny Mera Naam, Hare Rama Hare Krishna and Des Pardes. He introduced many new talents to the industry, such as Zeenat Aman, Tina Munim and Jackie Shroff. He was also a pioneer of social and experimental cinema, and often explored themes such as patriotism, romance, crime, spirituality and urban life. He received many awards and honours for his contribution to Indian cinema, including the Padma Bhushan, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award and four Filmfare Awards. He was also honoured by many international film festivals and organisations. He continued to work till the end of his life, and his last film, Chargesheet, was released in 2011, just two months before his death. He died of a heart attack in London at the age of 88. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential actors in the history of Indian cinema.

  • 10. Kalpana Chawla

    Died: 2003 A.D
    Slogan: The path from dreams to success does exist.

    Kalpana Chawla was born on March 17, 1962, in Karnal, a city in the Indian state of Haryana. She was the youngest of four children of Banarasi Lal Chawla and Sanjyothi Chawla. Her father was a self-made businessman who owned a tire manufacturing company. Her mother was a homemaker who encouraged her children to pursue their education and dreams. Kalpana was fascinated by airplanes and flying from an early age. She often accompanied her father to the local flying club and watched the planes with him. She also excelled in academics and showed an aptitude for science and mathematics. Kalpana completed her schooling from Tagore Baal Niketan Senior Secondary School, Karnal. She then enrolled in Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, where she earned a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1982. She was one of the few female students in her class and faced some discrimination and discouragement from her professors. However, she was determined to pursue her passion for aerospace engineering and decided to move to the United States for higher studies. Kalpana arrived in the United States in 1982 and enrolled in the University of Texas at Arlington, where she obtained a Master of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1984. She then moved to the University of Colorado at Boulder, where she earned another Master's degree and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1988. Her doctoral thesis was on the computation of dynamics and control of unsteady vortical flows. Kalpana began her career as a researcher at NASA Ames Research Center in 1988, where she worked on various topics related to fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, and computational methods. She also became a certified pilot and obtained licenses for single and multi-engine airplanes, seaplanes, and gliders. She married Jean-Pierre Harrison, a flying instructor and an aviation author, in 1983. They settled in Los Altos Hills, California. In 1991, Kalpana became a naturalized U.S. citizen and applied for the NASA Astronaut Corps. She was selected as an astronaut candidate in 1994 and underwent rigorous training for two years. She became a mission specialist and a primary robotic arm operator for the Space Shuttle program. She flew on her first space mission, STS-87, aboard Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997. She spent 15 days in space and became the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space. Kalpana's second space mission was STS-107, also aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, in 2003. She was part of a seven-member crew that conducted more than 80 scientific experiments during the 16-day flight. However, the mission ended tragically when the shuttle disintegrated during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere on February 1, 2003. All seven crew members perished in the accident. Kalpana Chawla was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor, the NASA Distinguished Service Medal, and the NASA Space Flight Medal. She was also honored by several institutions and organizations around the world. Several streets, schools, universities, scholarships, awards, parks, asteroids, satellites, and buildings have been named after her. She is remembered as a pioneer, a role model, and an inspiration for millions of people, especially women and girls who aspire to pursue careers in science and engineering.

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