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Dadasaheb Phalke Dadasaheb Phalke 1870 - 1944 Father of Indian cinema
Barbu Stefanescu Delavrancea Barbu Stefanescu Delavrancea 1858 - 1918 Writer
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Elizabeth Alexandra Mary 1926 - 2022
Hector Bonilla Hector Bonilla 1939 - 2022 Actor and director
Taufiq Wahby Taufiq Wahby 1891 - 1984 Kurdish writer and army officer
Rahim Gul Rahim Gul 1951 - 2017 Squash player, coach
Do Quang Em Do Quang Em 1942 - 2021 Painter
Maureen O'Hara Maureen O'Hara 1920 - 2015 Playing passionate but sensible heroines
Mahmoud Al-Zoubi Mahmoud Al-Zoubi 1935 - 2000 Prime Minister of Syria
Pensri Poomchoosri Pensri Poomchoosri 1929 - 2007 Singer, Actress
Elie Radu Elie Radu 1853 - 1931 Civil Engineer
Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum 1943 - 2006 first and third prime minister of the United Arab
Bulent Ecevit Bulent Ecevit 1925 - 2006 Prime Minister of Turkey
Witold Pilecki Witold Pilecki 1901 - 1948 Cavalry officer, intelligence agent
Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt 1898 - 1983 Princess of Prussia
Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg 1800 - 1831 Duchess consort of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Wang Shimin Wang Shimin 1592 - 1680 Landscape painter and theorist
Nguyen Huu Tho Nguyen Huu Tho 1910 - 1996 Chairman of the National Assembly
Nikolai Bukharin Nikolai Bukharin 1888 - 1938 Bolshevik leader and Marxist theorist
Boris Kidric Boris Kidric 1912 - 1953 Politician
Seni Pramoj Seni Pramoj 1905 - 1997 Politician
Juan Garcia Ponce Juan Garcia Ponce 1932 - 2003 Novelist, essayist, translator, critic
Tommy Prince Tommy Prince 1915 - 1977 Soldier and Advocate
Ahmed I Ahmed I 1590 - 1617 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Risto Siliqi Risto Siliqi 1882 - 1936 Poet and publicist
Ali Merdan Ali Merdan 1904 - 1981 Musician and singer of Kurdish songs
Mihail Lascar Mihail Lascar 1889 - 1959 Military General
Erich Johann Albert Raeder Erich Johann Albert Raeder 1876 - 1960 Commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine
Masaru Emoto Masaru Emoto 1943 - 2014 Water researcher and author
Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila 1787 - 1853 Founder of toxicology
Halet Cambel Halet Cambel 1916 - 2014 Archaeologist and Olympic fencer
Mitsuharu Misawa Mitsuharu Misawa 1962 - 2009 Professional wrestler and promoter
Stanislawa Walasiewicz Stanislawa Walasiewicz 1911 - 1980 Olympic champion in 100 metres
Ho Ying-chin Ho Ying-chin 1890 - 1987 Premier of the Republic of China
Christine McVie Christine McVie 1943 - 2022 Member of Fleetwood Mac and Chicken Shack
Ronald Ernest Aitchison Ronald Ernest Aitchison 1921 - 1996 Physicist and electronics engineer
Salma Mumtaz Salma Mumtaz 1926 - 2012 Film actress, director and producer
Luong Kim Dinh Luong Kim Dinh 1914 - 1997 Philosopher
Theophylact Simocatta Theophylact Simocatta -585 - -640 Byzantine historiographer
Anton Trstenjak Anton Trstenjak 1906 - 1996 Psychologist
Win Mortimer Win Mortimer 1919 - 1998 Comic strip artist and writer
Sahabzada Yaqub Khan Sahabzada Yaqub Khan 1920 - 2016 Foreign Minister of Pakistan
Thutmose III Thutmose III 1481 - 1425 Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty
Afif Bahnassi Afif Bahnassi 1928 - 2017 Islamic art historian and museum curator
Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff 1900 - 1984 Chief of Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS
Benjamin Fondane Benjamin Fondane 1898 - 1944 Poet, Philosopher
Ion Dragalina Ion Dragalina 1860 - 1916 Military General
Ryu Ryu Ko Ryu Ryu Ko 1793 - 1882 Fujian White Crane Kung Fu master
Amenhotep, son of Hapu Amenhotep, son of Hapu -1425 - -1356 Architect, scribe, and public official
Leszek Engelking Leszek Engelking 1955 - 2022 poet, short story writer, novelist, translator
Anton Janezic Anton Janezic 1828 - 1869 Linguist
Shahlyla Baloch Shahlyla Baloch 1996 - 2016 Pakistan national women's team
Panait Istrati Panait Istrati 1884 - 1935 Writer
Nguyen Cao Ky Nguyen Cao Ky 1930 - 2011 Prime Minister
Edith Gonzalez Edith Gonzalez 1964 - 2019 Telenovela star
Josip Plemelj Josip Plemelj 1873 - 1967 Mathematician
Fu Bingchang Fu Bingchang 1895 - 1965 Ambassador to the Soviet Union
Dom Joseph Pothier Dom Joseph Pothier 1835 - 1923 Liturgist and musicologist
Mary I of England Mary I of England 1516 - 1558 Queen of England and Ireland
Khawaja Khurshid Anwar Khawaja Khurshid Anwar 1912 - 1984 Filmmaker, writer, director and music composer
Homer Homer -701 - -800 Epic poet
Dragotin Cvetko Dragotin Cvetko 1911 - 1993 Musicologist
Francis Bacon Francis Bacon 1561 - 1626 Lord Chancellor of England
Musine Kokalari Musine Kokalari 1917 - 1983 Writer, journalist, politician
Oliver Reed Oliver Reed 1938 - 1999 Actor
Valentina Pistoli Valentina Pistoli 1928 - 1993 Architect of Hotel Tirana
Janio Quadros Janio Quadros 1917 - 1992 President of Brazil
Chico Mendes Chico Mendes 1944 - 1988 Rubber tapper, trade union leader, conservationist
Ole Paus Ole Paus 1947 - 2023 Singer-songwriter, poet, author
Sven Moren Sven Moren 1871 - 1908 Poet and playwright
Stephen Irwin Stephen Irwin 1944 - 2019 Architect and urbanist
Sornphet Sornsuphan Sornphet Sornsuphan 1948 - 2022 Luk thung singer
Olikoye Ransome-Kuti Olikoye Ransome-Kuti 1927 - 2003 Paediatrician, activist and health minister
George II George II 1683 - 1760 King of Great Britain
Charlie Watts Charlie Watts 1941 - 2021 Drummer, songwriter, record producer
Femi Ogunrombi Femi Ogunrombi 1962 - 2023 Actor and ethnomusicologist
Anne Frank Anne Frank 1929 - 1945 Diarist
Umar Rida Kahhala Umar Rida Kahhala 1905 - 1987 Historian and literature scholar
Broery Marantika Broery Marantika 1944 - 2000 Pop singer and vocalist of God Bless
Vasily Blucher Vasily Blucher 1889 - 1938 Military leader in the Great Patriotic War
Hermann Wilhelm Goring Hermann Wilhelm Goring 1893 - 1946 Nazi Party leader and Luftwaffe commander
Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Shah Durrani 1722 - 1772 Founder of the Durrani Empire
Ginger Baker Ginger Baker 1939 - 2019 Drummer of Cream,and Ginger Baker's Air Force
Abdul Raziq Achakzai Abdul Raziq Achakzai 1979 - 2018 Police Chief
Sultan Hashim Ahmad al Tai Sultan Hashim Ahmad al Tai 1945 - 2010 Minister of Defense and Interior
Ferdynand Goetel Ferdynand Goetel 1890 - 1960 Novelist, playwright, essayist, screenwriter
Sun Yat sen Sun Yat sen 1866 - 1925 Founder of the Republic of China
Geo Dumitrescu Geo Dumitrescu 1920 - 2004 Poet and Translator
Tokugawa Hidetada Tokugawa Hidetada 1579 - 1632 Second shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty
Alois Alzheimer Alois Alzheimer 1864 - 1915 Identifying Alzheimer's disease
Peter Sellers Peter Sellers 1925 - 1980 Actor, comedian, singer, star of The Goon Show
Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich 1782 - 1856 Field marshal, viceroy of Poland
Malika Pukhraj Malika Pukhraj 1912 - 2004 Ghazal singer and folk singer
Visar Dodani Visar Dodani 1857 - 1939 Writer, activist
Khuong Viet Khuong Viet 933 - 1011 Buddhist Monk
Anthony Eden Anthony Eden 1897 - 1977 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1955 - 1957)
Mohammad Hatta Mohammad Hatta 1902 - 1980 Statesman and nationalist
Bao Long Bao Long 1936 - 2007 Crown Prince
Lyubov Orlova Lyubov Orlova 1902 - 1975 Soviet film star and singer
Miha Baloh Miha Baloh 1928 - 2022 Actor
Asif Mohseni Asif Mohseni 1935 - 2019 Religious Leader
Naimatullah Khan Naimatullah Khan 1930 - 2020 Mayor of Karachi
Aleksander Doba Aleksander Doba 1946 - 2021 Ocean kayaker
Maria Clara Machado Maria Clara Machado 1921 - 2001 Writer and playwright
Irena Sendler Irena Sendler 1910 - 2008 Social worker and nurse
Chhabi Biswas Chhabi Biswas 1900 - 1962 Actor and director
Paulo Cesar Saraceni Paulo Cesar Saraceni 1933 - 2012 Film director and screenwriter
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach 1714 - 1788 Composer and musician of the Classical period
Ana-Maria Avram Ana-Maria Avram 1961 - 2017 Composer, Pianist, Conductor
Federico Fellini Federico Fellini 1920 - 1993 Filmmaker
Chan Heung Chan Heung 1806 - 1875 Founder of Choy Li Fut martial arts system
Alexandru Ioan Cuza Alexandru Ioan Cuza 1820 - 1873 Prince
Jens Jorgensen Juel Jens Jorgensen Juel 1745 - 1802 Portrait painter
Vladimir Skrbinsek Vladimir Skrbinsek 1902 - 1987 actor
Angelines Fernandez Angelines Fernandez 1924 - 1994 Actress and comedian
Toshiki Kaifu Toshiki Kaifu 1931 - 2022 Prime minister of Japan
Vani Jairam Vani Jairam 1945 - 2023 Playback singer
Jeongye Daewongun Jeongye Daewongun 1785 - 1841 Father of King Cheoljong of Joseon
Zhou Tong Zhou Tong 1060 - 1121 Archery teacher of Yue Fei
Judith Durham Judith Durham 1943 - 2022 Lead singer of The Seekers
Fabio Barreto Fabio Barreto 1957 - 2019 Film director and producer
Muhammad Anvari Muhammad Anvari 1126 - 1189 Poet, philosopher, alchemist, polymath
Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman 1927 - 2009 Metallurgy and materials science
La Thoai Tan La Thoai Tan 1937 - 2008 Actor, Director
Kirin Kiki Kirin Kiki 1943 - 2018 Actress for Japanese cinema and television
Jin Yuelin Jin Yuelin 1895 - 1984 Philosopher, historian, and writer
Lew Hoad Lew Hoad 1934 - 1994 tennis player
Moin Akhter Moin Akhter 1950 - 2011 Television, film and stage artist, humorist
Ku Sang Ku Sang 1919 - 2004 Poet
Gaston Pons Muzzo Gaston Pons Muzzo 1922 - 2004 Chemist, Educator, Rector
Murad I Murad I 1326 - 1389 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Marsi Paribatra Marsi Paribatra 1930 - 2013 Artist, Academic
Akinwunmi Isola Akinwunmi Isola 1939 - 2018 Yoruba literature
Wang Ruoshui Wang Ruoshui 1926 - 2002 Philosopher, journalist, and dissident
Ivan Cankar Ivan Cankar 1876 - 1918 Writer
Hussein Kamel al Majid Hussein Kamel al Majid 1954 - 1966 President of Iraq
Han Yongun Han Yongun 1879 - 1944 Buddhist reformer
Hanna Mina Hanna Mina 1924 - 2018 Social realist writer
Friedrich Fromm Friedrich Fromm 1888 - 1945 Commander in Chief of the Replacement Army
Paul Unongo Paul Unongo 1935 - 2022 Minister of Power and Steel
Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare Alhaji Ahmed Hassan Jumare 1950 - 2021 Former Speaker of Kaduna State House of Assembly
Takahashi Korekiyo Takahashi Korekiyo 1854 - 1936 Prime Minister of Japan and Minister of Finance
Haji Hassan bin Munas Haji Hassan bin Munas 1853 - 1915 Leader of the Kelantan rebellion
Rudolf Muus Rudolf Muus 1862 - 1935 Writer of popular literature
Octavian Goga Octavian Goga 1881 - 1938 Politician, Poet
Wu Tingfang Wu Tingfang 1842 - 1922 Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic
Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy 1928 - 2010 Grand Imam of Al-Azhar
Alhaji Haruna Ishola Alhaji Haruna Ishola 1919 - 1983 Apala musician
Joe Shuster Joe Shuster 1914 - 1992 Comic book artist and writer
Shabaka Shabaka -712 - -696 Kushite king and founder of the 25th dynasty
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 2. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

    Kim Jong-hyun Profile

  • 3. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 4. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 5. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 6. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 7. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 8. Edvard Grieg

    Died: 1907 A.D
    Slogan: I love the country that has given me everything

    Edvard Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist who lived from 1843 to 1907. He is widely regarded as one of the leading Romantic era composers and a pioneer of the Norwegian nationalist school of music. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, his incidental music for Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, and his Lyric Pieces for piano. He also used Norwegian folk music elements in his compositions, which helped to promote the music and culture of Norway. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, where he was influenced by Mendelssohn and Schumann, but later developed his own distinctive style. He was friends with other Scandinavian composers, such as Rikard Nordraak and Niels Gade. He married his cousin Nina Hagerup, who was a singer and an interpreter of his songs. He suffered from poor health throughout his life and died in his hometown of Bergen. He is buried there in a mountain cave overlooking the city. He is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues, buildings, and institutions named after him. His music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide and has inspired many other composers.

    Edvard Grieg Profile

  • 9. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 10. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

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