Djuanda Kartawidjaja

Djuanda Kartawidjaja was an Indonesian politician and technocrat who held various positions during the presidency of Sukarno, most notably as prime minister of Indonesia and a cabinet minister in several cabinets. Born into a noble ethnic Sundanese family, he attended the Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng in Bandung. After graduating in 1933, he worked as a teacher and later an engineer. Following the proclamation of Indonesian Independence in 1945, he joined the newly-formed Republican government and served in several cabinets, mostly in economic portfolios. In 1957, Djuanda was appointed prime minister by Sukarno following the inability of the parties to form a cabinet. As prime minister, he is remembered for his role in proclaiming the Djuanda Declaration, which asserted Indonesia's sovereignty over its surrounding waters and established it as an archipelagic state. In 1959, Sukarno appointed himself prime minister but retained Djuanda as first minister with much the same duties as before. He died in 1963, contributing to the absence of an economic policy in the later years of Sukarno's Guided Democracy. Since his death, various landmarks have been named in his honor, including Juanda International Airport in Surabaya, and Juanda railway station in Jakarta. He is also depicted in the recent 2016 edition of Rp 50,000 Indonesian rupiah banknotes.