Fath-Ali Shah Qajar

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar was the second shah of the Qajar dynasty of Iran. He ascended the throne in 1797 after the assassination of his uncle and predecessor Agha Mohammad Khan. He ruled until his death in 1834, a period marked by wars with Russia over the Caucasus region, internal rebellions, and diplomatic contacts with European powers. He was known for his long beard, his lavish court, his patronage of arts and culture, and his large progeny. He commissioned many rock reliefs, paintings, coins, and poetry to glorify his reign and associate himself with the ancient Persian kings. He also tried to reform the army and the administration, but faced many challenges and resistance. He was succeeded by his grandson Mohammad Shah Qajar after the death of his favorite son and crown prince Abbas Mirza.