Naim Frasheri

Naim Frashëri was born in 1846 in the village of Frashër in the Ottoman Empire that is now part of Albania. He was from a wealthy and influential family of landowners, and his father Halit Bey was a local leader and hero of the Albanian National Awakening. He received his education in Gjirokastër, Ioannina, Graz, and Vienna, where he studied law and political science. He was influenced by the Albanian National Awakening movement and joined other Albanian intellectuals and activists who were working for the independence of Albania from the Ottoman rule. He was one of the founders of the Vëllezëria association of Filiates, which promoted Albanian culture and education. He also participated in several congresses and meetings that aimed to standardize the Albanian language and orthography. He was one of the signatories of the Albanian Declaration of Independence in 1912, representing the Albanian colony of Bucharest. He also served as the director of the newspaper Shqipëria (Albania) and the secretary of the Albanian diplomatic mission led by Ismail Qemali. He was involved in various negotiations and conferences regarding the recognition and borders of Albania. He held several positions in the Albanian government, such as general director of hospitals, secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, minister of National Economy, and minister of Education. He was also the Albanian minister in Rome from 1936 to 1939. In 1941, he joined the pro-Italian government of Mustafa Merlika-Kruja as the secretary of the Ministry of Popular Culture. After the fall of the regime, he left Albania and settled in Istanbul, where he lived until his death in 1900. [1](^1^) [2](^2^) Naim Frashëri was a prominent figure of the Albanian National Awakening and one of the founders of the modern Albanian state. He was also a prolific poet and journalist, who published several books, articles, and translations in Albanian and Turkish. He wrote about the history, culture, and politics of Albania, as well as the international affairs of Europe. He was the leader of the group that published the two-volume book Shqipnija më 1937 (Albania in 1937), which was a comprehensive survey of the social, economic, and cultural situation of Albania at the time. He also wrote the first Albanian historical novel, Një breshkë në det (A Turtle in the Sea), which tells the story of the Albanian revolt against the Ottoman Empire in 1847. He was influenced by the European liberalism and nationalism, as well as by the Albanian oral tradition and folklore. He was a respected and influential personality in both Albania and Turkey, where he had many friends and admirers. [1](^1^) [2](^2^) [3](^3^)