Cao Jiwu

Cao Jiwu was a Chinese master of the internal martial art of Xinyi, which is the precursor of Xingyi. He is considered to be the second lineage holder of the art, after his teacher Ji Jike, who allegedly learned from a text written by the legendary general Yue Fei. Cao Jiwu studied with Ji Jike for twelve years, and became a skilled martial artist. He also passed the highest level military examinations in 1693, and was appointed by the Kangxi Emperor as the head superintendent of a county in Shaanxi Province. He was known for his loyalty and bravery, and was respected by the people. He died of hypothermia at the age of 60, while directing troops in the relief effort after the flooding of the Han River in Shaanxi. He taught the art of Xinyi to several disciples, including the Dai brothers, who became the founders of the Shanxi branch of Xingyi. Cao Jiwu is regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of Chinese martial arts.