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Leon Stukelj Leon Stukelj 1898 - 1999 Gymnast
Ali Riza Pasha Ali Riza Pasha 1860 - 1932 Grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Nguyen Ngoc Loan Nguyen Ngoc Loan 1930 - 1998 Police Chief
Tunku Abdul Rahman Tunku Abdul Rahman 1903 - 1990 First Prime Minister of Malaysia
Yannis Ritsos Yannis Ritsos 1909 - 1990 Poet and activist
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1884 - 1954 Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Leopold von Ranke Leopold von Ranke 1795 - 1886 founder of modern source-based history
Chen Tingjing Chen Tingjing 1746 - 1809 Historian, reformist scholar of the Qing dynasty
Mahmud Shevket Pasha Mahmud Shevket Pasha 1856 - 1913 Ottoman generalissimo and grand vizier
Meshulam Riklis Meshulam Riklis 1923 - 2019 Corporate takeover artist
Nicolae Milescu Nicolae Milescu 1636 - 1708 Scholar
Selim II Selim II 1524 - 1574 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Sami Droubi Sami Droubi 1921 - 1976 Politician, career diplomat, writer, translator
Frank Fenner Frank Fenner 1914 - 2010 Virology
Antoneta Papapavli Antoneta Papapavli 1938 - 2013 Actress and poet for The Voice
Manolis Glezos Manolis Glezos 1922 - 2020 Resistance fighter and journalist
Anthony Quinn Anthony Quinn 1915 - 2001 Actor, film director, painter, sculptor, writer
Ivan Kramskoi Ivan Kramskoi 1837 - 1887 Painter and art critic
George Ovadiah George Ovadiah 1925 - 1996 Bourekas film director, producer and scriptwriter
William Osler William Osler 1849 - 1919 Physician and educator
Oskar Schindler Oskar Schindler 1908 - 1974 Saving 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust
Satish Gujral Satish Gujral 1925 - 2020 Painter, sculptor, muralist, writer, architect
Brynjulf Bergslien Brynjulf Bergslien 1830 - 1898 Sculptor
Funsho Williams Funsho Williams 1948 - 2006 Civil engineer and commissioner
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh 1921 - 2021 Royal consort of Queen Elizabeth II
Enebeli Elebuwa Enebeli Elebuwa 1947 - 2012 Actor
Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Lenin 1870 - 1924
Gojong of Korea Gojong of Korea 1852 - 1919 The last king of Joseon and the first emperor
Willard Gordon Galen Weston Willard Gordon Galen Weston 1940 - 2021 Chairman of George Weston Limited
Anatoly Dneprov Anatoly Dneprov 1947 - 2008 Folk singer-songwriter
Ni Yuanlu Ni Yuanlu 1577 - 1644 Minister of revenue and lecturer to the emperor
Fateh Khan Barakzai Fateh Khan Barakzai 1777 - 1818 Wazir of the Durrani Empire Shah Durrani
Nathan Handwerker Nathan Handwerker 1892 - 1974 Founder of Nathan's Famous
Claudio Brook Claudio Brook 1927 - 1995 Actor
Karol Olszewski Karol Olszewski 1846 - 1915 Professor of chemistry and physics
Claus von Stauffenberg Claus von Stauffenberg 1907 - 1944 Army officer and chief conspirator
Emperor Tenji Emperor Tenji 626 - 672 Emperor of Japan, government reformer
Yasmin Ahmad Yasmin Ahmad 1958 - 2009 Film director, writer and scriptwriter
Max Muller Max Muller 1823 - 1900 Sanskrit scholar, philologist, orientalist
Arsenie Boca Arsenie Boca 1910 - 1989 Priest
Gunpei Yokoi Gunpei Yokoi 1941 - 1997 Creator of Game Boy and Game & Watch
Enrico Cecchetti Enrico Cecchetti 1850 - 1928 Ballet dancer
Gordon Piper Gordon Piper 1932 - 2004 Actor, theatre director, scriptwriter and comedian
Louisa Lawson Louisa Lawson 1848 - 1920 poet, publisher, and suffragist
Rosihan Anwar Rosihan Anwar 1922 - 2011 Press pioneer and political analyst
Ronald Golias Ronald Golias 1929 - 2005 Theater and television comedian
Ivana Kobilca Ivana Kobilca 1861 - 1926 Painter
Ray McAnally Ray McAnally 1926 - 1989 Actor
Nguyen Qui Duc Nguyen Qui Duc 1958 - 2023 Radio broadcaster, writer, editor, translator
Enomoto Takeaki Enomoto Takeaki 1836 - 1908 Naval officer and statesman
Fakih Usman Fakih Usman 1904 - 1968 Minister of Religious Affairs
Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski Ignacy Feliks Dobrzynski 1807 - 1867 Composer, pianist, conductor, teacher
Tran Van Can Tran Van Can 1910 - 1994 Painter
Sabat Islambouli Sabat Islambouli 1867 - 1941 Physician
Adamantios Korais Adamantios Korais 1748 - 1833 Greek humanist scholar
Mehmet Fuat Koprulu Mehmet Fuat Koprulu 1890 - 1966 Turkologist, sociologist, historian
Al-Julanda bin Masud Al-Julanda bin Masud 700 - 751 First Ibadi Imam of Oman
Xu Shichang Xu Shichang 1855 - 1939 President of the Republic of China
Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi 940 - 1020 Epic poet and composer of Shahnameh
Bruce Edward Hobbs Bruce Edward Hobbs 1936 - 2014 Structural geologist and science administrator
Abdul Hadi Dawi Abdul Hadi Dawi 1894 - 1982 Speaker of the House of People
Irene Lisboa Irene Lisboa 1892 - 1958 Writer, teacher and pedagogue
Ilya Sao Paulo Ilya Sao Paulo 1963 - 2023 TV and theater pioneer
Josip Pavcic Josip Pavcic 1870 - 1949 Composer and organist
Nicolae Filimon Nicolae Filimon 1819 - 1865 Novelist
Sriwati Masmundari Sriwati Masmundari 1904 - 2005 Topeng dancer and damar kurung painter
Li Yong Li Yong 1968 - 2018 Television host on China Central Television (CCTV)
Salim Al Basri Salim Al Basri 1926 - 1997 Playing Haji Radhi in Tahit Moos Al-Hallaq
Fernando Villaamil y Morillo Fernando Villaamil y Morillo 1845 - 1898 Spanish general and colonial administrator
Massoud Nawabi Massoud Nawabi 1954 - 2010 Poet, Writer, Director, Cultural Personality
Abu Mansur al Baghdadi Abu Mansur al Baghdadi 980 - 1037 Shafi'i scholar and mathematician
Isang Yun Isang Yun 1917 - 1995 Composer of avant-garde music
Andres Segovia Andres Segovia 1893 - 1987 Classical guitarist and virtuoso
Lilia Aragon Lilia Aragon 1938 - 2021 Actress and politician
Ham Nghi Ham Nghi 1871 - 1944 Emperor
Aijaz Ahmad Aijaz Ahmad 1941 - 2022 Civil servant, historian, biographer, author
Bernardino Pinera Carvallo Bernardino Pinera Carvallo 1915 - 2020 Bishop of Temuco and Archbishop of La Serena
Enrique Guzman y Valle Enrique Guzman y Valle 1854 - 1923 Chemist, Professor
Akram Osman Akram Osman 1937 - 2016 Short story writer
Peter Trueman Peter Trueman 1934 - 2021 Broadcast journalist, reporter
Quang Nhuong Huynh Quang Nhuong Huynh 1946 - 2001 Author
Confucius Confucius -551 - -479
Manuel Alvarez Bravo Manuel Alvarez Bravo 1902 - 2002 Photographer
Federico Villarreal Federico Villarreal 1850 - 1923 scientist, engineer, politician
Zola Amaro Zola Amaro 1891 - 1944 Operatic soprano
Konstantin Flavitsky Konstantin Flavitsky 1830 - 1866 Painter of domestic genre scenes
Elisabeth of Romania Elisabeth of Romania 1894 - 1956 Queen Consort
Mark Antokolski Mark Antokolski 1843 - 1902 Cityscapes and landscapes
Rawi Bhavilai Rawi Bhavilai 1925 - 2017 Astronomer, Writer, Translator
Diepreye Alamieyeseigha Diepreye Alamieyeseigha 1952 - 2015 Governor of Bayelsa State
Jeong Da-bin Jeong Da-bin 1980 - 2007 Actress
Alejandro Deustua Alejandro Deustua 1849 - 1945 Philosopher
Yan Huizhu Yan Huizhu 1919 - 1966 Classical Chinese opera singer
Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur 1822 - 1895 Chemist and microbiologist
Nikolai Chekhov Nikolai Chekhov 1858 - 1889 Painting portraits , illustrating Anton's stories
Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran 1947 - 2017 Film director
Basil II Basil II 958 - 1025 Byzantine emperor and military strategist
Liu Shaoqi Liu Shaoqi 1898 - 1969 President of the People's Republic of China
Mahmud Yunus Mahmud Yunus 1899 - 1982 Islamic scholar and author of Tafsir Qur'an Karim
Youssof Kohzad Youssof Kohzad 1935 - 2019 Artist
George-Etienne Cartier George-Etienne Cartier 1814 - 1873 Father of Confederation
Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy 1892 - 1963 Prime Minister of Bengal and Pakistan
Karlheinz Bohm Karlheinz Bohm 1928 - 2014 actor and founder of Menschen für Menschen
Padmarajan Padmanabhan Pillai better known Padmarajan Padmanabhan Pillai better known 1945 - 1991 Filmmaker, writer, and newsreader
Beatriz Segall Beatriz Segall 1926 - 2018 Actress of cinema, television and theater
Saadi Shirazi Saadi Shirazi 1210 - 1291 Persian poet and prose writer
Samuel Ladoke Akintola Samuel Ladoke Akintola 1910 - 1966 Premier of Western Nigeria
Shakaiba Sanga Amaj Shakaiba Sanga Amaj 1986 - 2007 Journalist
Ghulam Muhammad Qasir Ghulam Muhammad Qasir 1944 - 1999 Poet, linguist and scholar
Hadrian Hadrian 76 - 138 Roman emperor
Eduardo Coutinho Eduardo Coutinho 1933 - 2014 Film director and journalist
Roberto Gonzalez Barrera Roberto Gonzalez Barrera 1930 - 2012 Founder and chairman of Gruma and Banorte
Arne Garborg Arne Garborg 1851 - 1924 Novelist, poet, playwright, essayist
Fukuzawa Yukichi Fukuzawa Yukichi 1835 - 1901 Founder of Keio University and Jiji-Shinpō
Din Mehmeti Din Mehmeti 1932 - 2010 Poet, writer, activist
Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius 121 - 180
Josip Plemelj Josip Plemelj 1873 - 1967 Mathematician
Anton Christian Bang Anton Christian Bang 1840 - 1913 Bishop of Oslo and Minister of Education
Segundo de Chomon Segundo de Chomon 1871 - 1929 Film director, cinematographer, screenwriter
Arthur Wellington Clah Arthur Wellington Clah 1831 - 1916 Chief, Diarist, Missionary
Heitor Villa Lobos Heitor Villa Lobos 1887 - 1959 Brazilian composer and classical guitarist
Eileen Chang Eileen Chang 1920 - 1995 Writer and screenwriter
Habib Jalib Habib Jalib 1928 - 1993 Poet and activist who opposed martial law
Chao Yuen Ren Chao Yuen Ren 1892 - 1982 Linguistics, phonology, music, literature
Bertrand Arthur William Russell Bertrand Arthur William Russell 1872 - 1970 Philosopher and founder of analytic philosophy
Valeriu Sterian Valeriu Sterian 1952 - 2000 musician
Abd al-Masih Haddad Abd al-Masih Haddad 1890 - 1963 Writer and journalist of the Mahjar movement
Joseph Elian Sarkis Joseph Elian Sarkis 1856 - 1932 Writer, editor, translator, bookseller
Mamoru Shigemitsu Mamoru Shigemitsu 1887 - 1957 Minister of Foreign Affairs
Nazik al-Abid Nazik al-Abid 1887 - 1959 Women's rights activist, nationalist
Gheorghe G. Mironescu Gheorghe G. Mironescu 1874 - 1949 Politician
Salah al Din al Sabbagh Salah al Din al Sabbagh 1889 - 1945 Leader of the Golden Square group
Bao Shichen Bao Shichen 1775 - 1855 Calligraphe, reformist scholar of the Qing dynasty
Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 1953 - 2019 Chairman of the UAE FootballAssociation(1976-1981)
Mohammed Ghani Hikmat Mohammed Ghani Hikmat 1929 - 2011 Creating Baghdad's highest-profile sculptures
Pat Laffan Pat Laffan 1939 - 2019 Actor
Constantin Tanase Constantin Tanase 1880 - 1945 Actor, Writer
He Xiangning He Xiangning 1878 - 1972 Film director and screenwriter
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi 1804 - 1851 Mathematician
Paul Dear Paul Dear 1966 - 2022 Australian rules footballer
Raden Ajeng Srimulat Raden Ajeng Srimulat 1908 - 1968 Comedian, actor, singer
Situ Guong Situ Guong 1911 - 1960 Long jump and triple jump
Nikolay Raevsky Nikolay Raevsky 1771 - 1829 General and statesman who fought
Vlad III the Impaler Vlad III the Impaler 1431 - 1476 Voivode of Wallachia
Karl Wallenda Karl Wallenda 1905 - 1978 High wire artist
Emmeline Pankhurst Emmeline Pankhurst 1858 - 1928 Political activist and suffragette leader
Asif Mohseni Asif Mohseni 1935 - 2019 Religious Leader
Prayat Pongdam Prayat Pongdam 1934 - 2014 Artist, Printmaker
George Bradley McFarland George Bradley McFarland 1866 - 1942 Physician, Educator
Shukri al-Quwatli Shukri al-Quwatli 1891 - 1967 First president of independent Syria
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

    Stephen the Great Profile

  • 2. Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah

    Died: 2001 A.D
    Slogan: The people are the source of my strength

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj and Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang and the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. He then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. He served with the Civil Service Department as a Trainee Officer with the Selangor Survey Department and later as an Inspector of Schools. He also attended a short-term course at the Malay Military Troop in Port Dickson and was commissioned with the Queen Commission in the rank of captain. He was later promoted to the rank of major. He was appointed as the Tengku Laksamana of Selangor in 1946 and as the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Selangor in 1950. He became the Sultan of Selangor on 3 September 1960 after the death of his father. He was known for his modernization efforts in Selangor, such as improving the infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture sectors. He also signed the cession of Kuala Lumpur from Selangor to the Federal Government to form a Federal Territory on 1 February 1974. He was elected as the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 26 April 1999 and served until his death on 21 November 2001. He died of a heart attack at the Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur and was buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Klang. He was succeeded by his son, Sharafuddin, as the Sultan of Selangor and by Sirajuddin, the Sultan of Perlis, as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was known for his humility, generosity, and compassion. He was also an avid sportsman and patron of various sports associations. He was awarded numerous honours and titles, both locally and internationally, for his contributions and services.

    Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Profile

  • 3. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 4. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 5. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 6. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

    Vo Nguyen Giap Profile

  • 7. Pyotr Bagration

    Died: 1812 A.D
    Slogan: The Russian Army always has been success.

    Pyotr Bagration was a Russian general and prince of Georgian origin, prominent during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Bagration, a member of the Bagrationi dynasty, was born in Kizlyar. His father, Ivan (Ivane), served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, in which Bagration also enlisted in 1782. Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration began his military career serving in the Russo-Circassian War of 1763–1864 for a couple of years. Afterwards he participated in a war against the Ottomans and the capture of Ochakov in 1788. Later he helped suppress the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 in Poland and capture Warsaw. During Russia's Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799 against the French, he served with distinction under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov. In 1805 Russia joined the coalition against Napoleon. After the collapse of the Austrians at Ulm in October 1805, Bagration won praise for his successful defense in the Battle of Schöngrabern (November 1805) that allowed Russian forces to withdraw and unite with the main Russian army of Mikhail Kutuzov. In December 1805 the combined Russo-Austrian army suffered defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz, where Bagration commanded the allied right wing against the French under Jean Lannes. He subsequently participated in a series of unsuccessful battles: Austerlitz (Dec. 2, 1805), Eylau (Feb. 7–8, 1807), Heilsburg (June 10, 1807), and Friedland (June 14, 1807); but, after Russia formed an alliance with France (Treaty of Tilsit; July 7, 1807) and engaged in a war against Sweden, Bagration marched across the frozen Gulf of Finland and captured the strategic Åland Islands (1808). He was then transferred to the south (1809) and placed in command of a force fighting the Turks in Bulgaria (Russo-Turkish War of 1806–12). When Russia and France renewed their hostilities (1812), he was given command of the 2nd Russian Army in the West. Although his troops were defeated by the French at Mogilyov and separated from the main Russian army in July, he saved them from destruction and rejoined the main force in August. On Sept. 7, 1812, at the Battle of Borodino, near Moscow, Bagration commanded the left wing of the Russian forces and was fatally wounded. A monument was erected in his honour by Emperor Nicholas I on the battlefield of Borodino.

    Pyotr Bagration Profile

  • 8. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 9. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 10. Edvard Grieg

    Died: 1907 A.D
    Slogan: I love the country that has given me everything

    Edvard Grieg was a Norwegian composer and pianist who lived from 1843 to 1907. He is widely regarded as one of the leading Romantic era composers and a pioneer of the Norwegian nationalist school of music. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, his incidental music for Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, and his Lyric Pieces for piano. He also used Norwegian folk music elements in his compositions, which helped to promote the music and culture of Norway. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, where he was influenced by Mendelssohn and Schumann, but later developed his own distinctive style. He was friends with other Scandinavian composers, such as Rikard Nordraak and Niels Gade. He married his cousin Nina Hagerup, who was a singer and an interpreter of his songs. He suffered from poor health throughout his life and died in his hometown of Bergen. He is buried there in a mountain cave overlooking the city. He is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues, buildings, and institutions named after him. His music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide and has inspired many other composers.

    Edvard Grieg Profile

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