Unloading for died people profile picture
Georgina Parkinson Georgina Parkinson 1938 - 2009 Ballet dancer and ballet mistress
Aedy Moward Aedy Moward 1929 - 1980 Actor and custom employee
Dilshad Meriwani Dilshad Meriwani 1947 - 1989 Poet and activist for Kurdish language and culture
Mikhail Larionov Mikhail Larionov 1881 - 1964 Painter and stage designer
Shin'ichiro Tomonaga Shin'ichiro Tomonaga 1906 - 1979 Quantum electrodynamics
Mikhail Lomonosov Mikhail Lomonosov 1711 - 1765 Scientist and poet
Monteiro Lobato Monteiro Lobato 1882 - 1948 Novelist and children's literature author
Feras Saied Feras Saied 1981 - 2015 Professional bodybuilder
Malik Ishaq Malik Ishaq 1959 - 2015 Senior commander of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
Vicente Lombardo Toledano Vicente Lombardo Toledano 1894 - 1968 Labor leader and Marxist thinker
Marian Hemar Marian Hemar 1901 - 1972 Writer, songwriter, journalist
Christian Holm Christian Holm 1804 - 1846 Animal and hunting scenes
Joaquim Jose da Silva Xavier Joaquim Jose da Silva Xavier 1746 - 1792 Leader of the Inconfidência Mineira
Nikolay Muravyov Amursky Nikolay Muravyov Amursky 1809 - 1881 General admiral
Arnstein Arneberg Arnstein Arneberg 1882 - 1961 Architect of Oslo City Hall
Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti Siddheshwari Prasad Chakravarti 1904 - 1981 Engineer
Mulla Effendi Mulla Effendi 1778 - 1855 Islamic scholar and astronomer
James Alexander Cowan James Alexander Cowan 1901 - 1978 Writer and public relations consultant
Eduardo Rosales Eduardo Rosales 1836 - 1873 Painter of the early Baroque period
Tom French Tom French 1934 - 2023 President of the Workers' Party
Tjung Tin Jan Tjung Tin Jan 1919 - 1994 Politician and lawyer
Tomasz Wojtowicz Tomasz Wojtowicz 1953 - 2022 Volleyball player
Likhit Dhiravegin Likhit Dhiravegin 1941 - 2016 Political Scientist
Vladimir Zhirinovsky Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1946 - 2022 Leader of the Liberal Democratic Party
Yegor Gaidar Yegor Gaidar 1956 - 2009 Acting Prime Minister of Russia architect
Ivan Argunov Ivan Argunov 1753 - 1795 Cityscapes and landscapes
Voltaire Voltaire 1694 - 1778 Writer, philosopher, historian
Euclid Euclid 265 - 300 Mathematician
Ana Pauker Ana Pauker 1893 - 1960 Politician
Edith Cowan Edith Cowan 1861 - 1932 Social reformer and politician
Walter Elias Disney Walter Elias Disney 1901 - 1966 animator Entrepreneur film producer
Ian Dawson Tyson Ian Dawson Tyson 1933 - 2022 Singer-songwriter, Guitarist
William Howard Taft William Howard Taft 1857 - 1930 President and chief justice of the United States
Krzysztof Kieslowski Krzysztof Kieslowski 1941 - 1996 Film director and screenwriter
Anthimus VII Tsatsos Anthimus VII Tsatsos 1827 - 1913 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Thucydides Thucydides -400 - -460 Author of the History of the Peloponnesian War
Theophylact Simocatta Theophylact Simocatta -585 - -640 Byzantine historiographer
William Lyon Mackenzie William Lyon Mackenzie 1795 - 1861 Journalist, Politician
General Muhammad Zia ul Haq General Muhammad Zia ul Haq 1924 - 1988 Sixth President and Chief Martial Law
Hermilio Valdizan Hermilio Valdizan 1885 - 1929 Psychiatrist
Thomas Stearns Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot 1888 - 1965 Poet, essayist, publisher, playwright
Alfred Redl Alfred Redl 1864 - 1913 Chief of intelligence for the Austrian army
Robert Palmer Robert Palmer 1949 - 2003 Singer, songwriter, record producer
Asima Chatterjee Asima Chatterjee 1917 - 2006 organic chemist and phytomedicine researcher
Nexhmije Pagarusha Nexhmije Pagarusha 1933 - 2020 Singer and soprano
Ashikaga Takauji Ashikaga Takauji 1305 - 1358 Shogun and founder of the Ashikaga shogunate
Rupert Downes Rupert Downes 1885 - 1945 historian of the Sinai and Palestine campaign
Fariha Razzaq Haroon Fariha Razzaq Haroon 1956 - 2018 Journalist, academic, and script-writer
Valery Jacobi Valery Jacobi 1834 - 1902 Painter of historical and genre scenes
Rachel de Queiroz Rachel de Queiroz 1910 - 2003 Novelist and journalist
Chico Anisio Chico Anisio 1931 - 2012 humorist and TV personality
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1881 - 1938 Founder and first president of Turkey
Ismail Sidky Ismail Sidky 1875 - 1950 Prime Minister of Egypt
Chen Yunshang Chen Yunshang 1919 - 2016 Actress and singer
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler 1889 - 1945
Sheikh Muhammad Ikram Sheikh Muhammad Ikram 1908 - 1973 Civil servant, historian, biographer, author
Vasily Polenov Vasily Polenov 1844 - 1927 Founder of the school of Russian landscape
Emmy Noether Emmy Noether 1882 - 1935 Abstract algebra and theoretical physics
Mehnaz Begum Mehnaz Begum 1955 - 2013 TV, radio, and film singer
Hiep Hoa Hiep Hoa 1847 - 1883 Emperor
Mohammad Yamin Mohammad Yamin 1903 - 1962 Prime minister of Indonesia
Traian Lalescu Traian Lalescu 1882 - 1929 Mathematician
Haleem Brohi Haleem Brohi 1935 - 2010 Journalist, satirist, writer, film critic
Nasim al-Safarjalani Nasim al-Safarjalani 1935 - 1994 General Secretary of the Presidential Council
Murad II Murad II 1404 - 1451 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Silviu Brucan Silviu Brucan 1916 - 2006 political analyst
Mbazulike Amaechi Mbazulike Amaechi 1929 - 2022 First Republic Minister of Aviation
Nguyen Xuan Khoat Nguyen Xuan Khoat 1910 - 1993 Composer
Abdallah Somekh Abdallah Somekh 1813 - 1889 Rosh yeshiva and posek of Iraqi Jewry
Qian Xuesen Qian Xuesen 1911 - 2009 Aerospace engineer and cyberneticist
Joseph Tomelty Joseph Tomelty 1911 - 1995 Actor and playwright
Miron Nicolescu Miron Nicolescu 1903 - 1975 Mathematician
Ion Vinea Ion Vinea 1895 - 1964 Poet, novelist, journalist
Holger Sinding-Larsen Holger Sinding-Larsen 1869 - 1938 Architect and town planner
Eduardo Campos Eduardo Campos 1965 - 2014 Governor of Pernambuco
Tefta Tashko-Koco Tefta Tashko-Koco 1910 - 1947 Singer and soprano
Felix of Valois Felix of Valois 1127 - 1212 Co-founder of the Trinitarian Order
Mahmud Shevket Pasha Mahmud Shevket Pasha 1856 - 1913 Ottoman generalissimo and grand vizier
Asif Nawaz Janjua Asif Nawaz Janjua 1937 - 1993 Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan
Ivan Bogdanov Ivan Bogdanov 1855 - 1932 Illustrations of Russian fairy tales
Dinu C. Giurescu Dinu C. Giurescu 1927 - 2018 Historian
Sardar Mohammad Khan Sardar Mohammad Khan 1915 - 1998 Punjabi-Urdu dictionary
Bholekar Srihari Bholekar Srihari 1941 - 2018 Painter, sculptor and printmaker
La Thoai Tan La Thoai Tan 1937 - 2008 Actor, Director
Siti Rukiah Siti Rukiah 1927 - 1996 Writer, editor, and political activist
Kiichiro Toyoda Kiichiro Toyoda 1894 - 1952 Founder and CEO of Toyota Motor Corporation
Pramote Teerawiwatana Pramote Teerawiwatana 1967 - 2012 Badminton Player
Jose Antonio del Busto Duthurburu Jose Antonio del Busto Duthurburu 1932 - 2006 Historian
Taha Baqir Taha Baqir 1912 - 1984 Director of Iraq National Museum
Ferdinand Schorner Ferdinand Schorner 1892 - 1973 Field Marshal
Phoolan Devi Phoolan Devi 1963 - 2001 Bandit leader, Member of Parliament
Shabaka Shabaka -712 - -696 Kushite king and founder of the 25th dynasty
Nazir Nabaa Nazir Nabaa 1938 - 2016 Painter
Wilhelm Bissen Wilhelm Bissen 1836 - 1913 Realist sculptor
Sukru Saracoglu Sukru Saracoglu 1887 - 1953 Prime Minister of Turkey
Field Marshal Ayub Khan Field Marshal Ayub Khan 1907 - 1974 Second President and Chief Martial Law
Haziqul Khairi Haziqul Khairi 1931 - 2023 Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court
Manuel Francisco dos Santos Manuel Francisco dos Santos 1933 - 1983 Expressionist xylographer
Edith Rode Edith Rode 1879 - 1956 Novelist and journalist
Sergey Nagovitsyn Sergey Nagovitsyn 1968 - 1999 Russian chanson singer-songwriter
Erich Alfred Hartmann Erich Alfred Hartmann 1922 - 1993 Fighter pilot, flying ace, military officer
Paul Cezanne Paul Cezanne 1839 - 1906 Post-Impressionist painter
Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan 1952 - 2003 Harmonium player, qawwali singer
Kunnisseri Veettil Raman Mani Kunnisseri Veettil Raman Mani 1971 - 2016 Actor and singer, appeared in over 250 films
Teki Bicoku Teki Bicoku 1926 - 2009 Editor of Drita and The Adriatic Review
Raden Saleh Syarif Bustaman Raden Saleh Syarif Bustaman 1811 - 1880 Pioneering Indonesian painter of Arab-Javanes
Henryk Sienkiewicz Henryk Sienkiewicz 1846 - 1916 Novelist and journalist
Ishiro Honda Ishiro Honda 1911 - 1993 Director and co-creator of the Godzilla franchise
Louis-Andre de Grimaldi Louis-Andre de Grimaldi 1736 - 1804 Bishop of Le Mans and Noyon, Peer of France
Bernardin Palaj Bernardin Palaj 1894 - 1946 Poet and short story writer
Betty Cuthbert Betty Cuthbert 1938 - 2017 Olympic champion
Miki Muster Miki Muster 1925 - 2018 Academic Sculptor, Illustrator, Cartoonist
Rafael Larco Hoyle Rafael Larco Hoyle 1901 - 1966 Archaeologist
Heitor Villa Lobos Heitor Villa Lobos 1887 - 1959 Brazilian composer and classical guitarist
Eugen Filotti Eugen Filotti 1896 - 1975 Diplomat
Lai Afong Lai Afong 1838 - 1890 Photographer
Kirsten Sinding-Larsen Kirsten Sinding-Larsen 1898 - 1978 Architect
Thomas Leland Thomas Leland 1722 - 1785 Historian, translator, academic, author
Adrian Paunescu Adrian Paunescu 1943 - 2010 Poet, politician
Hebe Camargo Hebe Camargo 1929 - 2012 TV host, singer and actress
Alfredo Sirkis Alfredo Sirkis 1950 - 2020 Journalist, writer, and urban planner
Janusz Sidlo Janusz Sidlo 1933 - 1993 Javelin thrower
Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez 1873 - 1913 President of Mexico (1911-1913)
Necho II Necho II -664 - -595 Pharaoh of the 26th Dynasty
Alfred Dreyfus Alfred Dreyfus 1929 - 1978 Singer and actor
Abdul Malik Kasi Abdul Malik Kasi 1937 - 2021 Minister of Railways and Health
Chin Faithes Chin Faithes 1946 - 2017 Luk thung singer
Imdad Ali Imam Ali Kazi Imdad Ali Imam Ali Kazi 1926 - 2002 Poet and scholar of Sindhi literature
Mihail Kogalniceanu Mihail Kogalniceanu 1817 - 1891 Statesman
Ruben Castillo Anchapuri Ruben Castillo Anchapuri 1931 - 2009 Theologist and Biologist
Joan of Arc Joan of Arc 1412 - 1431 Military leader and visionary
Nitya Pibulsonggram Nitya Pibulsonggram 1941 - 2014 Diplomat and Politician
Frederick William Frederick William 1620 - 1688 Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia
George Washington Smith George Washington Smith 1876 - 1930 the architect the painter
Carl Maria von Weber Carl Maria von Weber 1786 - 1826 Composer, pianist, critic
Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Shah Durrani 1722 - 1772 Founder of the Durrani Empire
Yao Beina Yao Beina 1981 - 2015 Singer and songwriter
Lia Manoliu Lia Manoliu 1932 - 1998 Discus thrower
Masanobu Tsuji Masanobu Tsuji 1901 - 1961 Army officer and tactical planner
Ferdynand Goetel Ferdynand Goetel 1890 - 1960 Novelist, playwright, essayist, screenwriter
Andrej Gosar Andrej Gosar 1887 - 1970 Sociologist and Economist
Hsiao-Ping Yang Hsiao-Ping Yang 1944 - 2023 Singer and actor
Abd al-Salam al-Ujayli Abd al-Salam al-Ujayli 1918 - 2006 Doctor, novelist, politician
Ivo Caprino Ivo Caprino 1920 - 2001 Puppet films
Gichin Funakoshi Gichin Funakoshi 1868 - 1957 Founder of Shotokan Karate
Lakshamilavan Lakshamilavan 1899 - 1961 Royal Consort, Writer
Shlomo Hillel Shlomo Hillel 1923 - 2021 Speaker of the Knesset, Minister of Police
Murphy Afolabi Murphy Afolabi 1974 - 2023 Yoruba movie actor and filmmaker
Abdurrahman Wahid Abdurrahman Wahid 1940 - 2009 Third president of Indonesia
Edith Piaf Edith Piaf 1915 - 1963 Singer and actress
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Emperor Pedro II

    Died: 1891 A.D
    Slogan: May God grant me these last wishes – peace and prosperity for Brazil.

    Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the seventh child of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil and Empress Dona Maria Leopoldina. His father's abrupt abdication and departure to Europe in 1831 left the five-year-old as emperor and led to a grim and lonely childhood and adolescence, obliged to spend his time studying in preparation for rule. His experiences with court intrigues and political disputes during this period greatly affected his later character; he grew into a man with a strong sense of duty and devotion toward his country and his people, yet increasingly resentful of his role as monarch. Pedro II inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, but he turned Brazil into an emerging power in the international arena. The nation grew to be distinguished from its Hispanic neighbors on account of its political stability, zealously guarded freedom of speech, respect for civil rights, vibrant economic growth, and form of government—a functional representative parliamentary monarchy. Brazil was also victorious in the Platine War, the Uruguayan War, and the Paraguayan War, as well as prevailing in several other international disputes and domestic tensions. Pedro II steadfastly pushed through the abolition of slavery despite opposition from powerful political and economic interests. A savant in his own right, the Emperor established a reputation as a vigorous sponsor of learning, culture, and the sciences, and he won the respect and admiration of people such as Charles Darwin, Victor Hugo, and Friedrich Nietzsche, and was a friend to Richard Wagner, Louis Pasteur, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. He was married to Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, with whom he had four children, two of whom died in infancy. He was a devoted father and husband, and a cultured and well-read man. He was also a lover of nature and photography, and a patron of the arts and sciences. He was deposed by a military coup in 1889, which proclaimed Brazil a republic. He accepted the end of the monarchy without resistance and went into exile in Europe with his family. He died in Paris in 1891, at the age of 66, and his remains were later returned to Brazil with honors. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest Brazilian leaders and a champion of democracy, freedom, and progress.

  • 2. Vo Nguyen Giap

    Died: 2013 A.D
    Slogan: The people's army, the people's war.

    Võ Nguyên Giáp was a Vietnamese general and revolutionary leader who played a crucial role in the Viet Minh's victory over the French at Dien Bien Phu, which marked the end of French colonialism in Southeast Asia. He was also instrumental in the North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam and the United States. Giáp was known for his strategic military tactics and his ability to inspire his troops. Despite facing personal tragedies, including the loss of his wife and sister-in-law to the French Sûreté, he remained committed to the cause of Vietnamese independence.

  • 3. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

    Died: 1938 A.D
    Slogan: Peace at home, peace in the world

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish soldier, statesman, and reformer who is widely regarded as the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey. He rose to prominence as a military commander in the Ottoman army during World War I, where he successfully defended the Gallipoli peninsula against the Allied invasion. After the war, he led the Turkish War of Independence against the occupying forces of the victorious powers. He established a provisional government in Ankara and repelled the Greek forces that aimed to annex western Anatolia. He abolished the Ottoman monarchy and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923, becoming its first president. He embarked on a series of radical reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and westernized nation-state, with a new alphabet, civil code, education system, and women's rights. He also promoted Turkish nationalism and cultural identity, while suppressing Kurdish and other ethnic minorities. He is revered by many Turks as the "Father of the Turks" and the "Great Leader", and his mausoleum in Ankara is a national symbol. He is also widely respected internationally as a visionary leader and a military genius. He died of liver cirrhosis in 1938, leaving behind a lasting legacy of modernization and secularism.

  • 4. Kim Jong-hyun

    Died: 2017 A.D
    Slogan: Even though we can't communicate using the same language, we use music instead.

    Kim Jong-hyun was born on April 8, 1990, in Seoul, South Korea. He developed an interest in music from a young age and joined a school band in middle school. He was scouted by SM Entertainment in 2005, after performing in a song festival with his band. He debuted as the main vocalist of the boy group SHINee in 2008, and quickly rose to fame as one of the most popular and talented singers in the K-pop industry. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, and collaborated with various artists. He started his solo career in 2015, with the release of his first EP, Base, which topped the Billboard World Albums Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. He followed it up with a compilation album, Story Op.1, in the same year. His first studio album, She Is, was released in 2016, and his second compilation album, Story Op.2, was released in 2017. He also held several solo concert tours, showcasing his versatility and creativity as an artist. He was praised for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, as well as his vocal skills and emotional expression. He was also a radio host, an author, and an advocate for mental health and social issues. He wrote a book titled Skeleton Flower: Things That Have Been Released and Set Free, which contained his personal stories and song lyrics. He also supported various causes, such as the Sewol Ferry disaster victims, the Comfort Women, and the LGBT community. He was known for his kind and gentle personality, and his close relationships with his family, friends, and fans. He died on December 18, 2017, at the age of 27, after committing suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning. He left a note that revealed his struggle with depression and loneliness. His death shocked and saddened the whole world, and sparked a conversation about the importance of mental health awareness and support. His final album, Poet | Artist, was released posthumously on January 23, 2018, and all the profits were donated to his mother and a charity foundation. His music and legacy continue to inspire and touch many people's lives.

  • 5. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

  • 6. Qaboos bin Said al Said

    Died: 2020 A.D
    Slogan: We are friends to all and enemies to none.

    Qaboos bin Said al Said was the Sultan of Oman from 1970 until his death in 2020. He was a fifteenth-generation descendant of the founder of the House of Al Said and was the longest-serving leader in the Middle East and Arab world at the time of his death. Educated in England, he served briefly in the British Army before returning to Oman. After overthrowing his father in a coup d'état, he implemented policies of modernization and ended Oman's international isolation. His reign saw a rise in living standards and development in the country, the abolition of slavery, the end of the Dhofar Rebellion, and the promulgation of Oman's constitution.

  • 7. Stephen the Great

    Died: 1504 A.D
    Slogan: Faithful to God and my people

    Stephen III, known as Stephen the Great, was the Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504. He is celebrated for strengthening Moldavia's statehood and maintaining its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the Ottoman Empire. He was victorious in thirty-four of his thirty-six battles and was one of the first to win a decisive victory over the Ottomans at the Battle of Vaslui. His reign is marked by numerous military campaigns and the construction of many churches, earning him the title 'Athleta Christi' by Pope Sixtus IV.

  • 8. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

  • 9. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

  • 10. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

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