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Mohammad al Qubanchi Mohammad al Qubanchi 1904 - 1989 Iraqi maqam singer and composer
Toju Augustus Ejueyitchie Toju Augustus Ejueyitchie 1952 - 2021 Managing Director of Premier Records and Music
Josip Ipavec Josip Ipavec 1873 - 1921 composer, physician
Andreas Kalvos Andreas Kalvos 1792 - 1869 Poet of the Romantic school
Kwon Rise Kwon Rise 1991 - 2014 Member of Ladies' Code
Nguyen Khanh Nguyen Khanh 1927 - 2013 Military officer, Head of state
Alina Szapocznikow Alina Szapocznikow 1926 - 1973 Sculptor and graphic artist
Henry Asbjorn Larsen Henry Asbjorn Larsen 1899 - 1964 Arctic explorer and RCMP officer
Psamtik III Psamtik III -567 - -525 Last pharaoh of the 26th dynasty of Egypt
Thich Quang Do Thich Quang Do 1928 - 2020 Buddhist Monk
Tryggve Gran Tryggve Gran 1888 - 1980 Polar explorer and aviator
Heo Nanseolheon Heo Nanseolheon 1563 - 1589 poet and painter of the Joseon dynasty
Rushdi al-Kikhya Rushdi al-Kikhya 1899 - 1987 Founder of the People's Party
Lauw Giok Lan Lauw Giok Lan 1883 - 1953 Journalist and writer,founder of Sin Po newspaper
Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg 1783 - 1853 History, portrait and landscape painter
Erik Homburger Erikson Erik Homburger Erikson 1902 - 1994 Psychosocial development theory
Abdur Rahman Chughtai Abdur Rahman Chughtai 1897 - 1975 Painter and artist
Diana Princess of Wales Diana Princess of Wales 1961 - 1997
Raymond Arthur Dart Raymond Arthur Dart 1893 - 1988 Discoverer of Australopithecus africanus
Heinrich Hansen Heinrich Hansen 1821 - 1890 Architectural painter and State Councillor
Pharuephon Mukdasanit Pharuephon Mukdasanit 1978 - 2013 Graphic Designer, Street Artist
Arthur Wellesley Arthur Wellesley 1769 - 1852 Defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo
Charles de Foucauld Charles de Foucauld 1858 - 1916 Catholic priest
Luis Bunuel Luis Bunuel 1900 - 1983 Film director and screenwriter
Lata Mangeshkar Lata Mangeshkar 1929 - 2022 Playback Singer and Music Composer
Sahar Taha Sahar Taha 1957 - 2018 Singer and journalist
Viktor Ivanovich Chukarin Viktor Ivanovich Chukarin 1921 - 1984 Gymnast
Le Quy Don Le Quy Don 1726 - 1784 encyclopedist
George Topirceanu George Topirceanu 1886 - 1937 poet, writer
Nazim Hikmet Nazim Hikmet 1902 - 1963 Poet, playwright, novelist, screenwriter
Constantin Ion Parhon Constantin Ion Parhon 1874 - 1969 Politician
Louay Kayali Louay Kayali 1934 - 1978 Modern artist
Ezekiel Atang Ezekiel Atang 1973 - 2022 Senior Pastor of God's House Of Refuge
Sanguan Tularaksa Sanguan Tularaksa 1902 - 1995 Politician
Ion Caraion Ion Caraion 1923 - 1986 Poet, essayist, translator
Emperor Tenji Emperor Tenji 626 - 672 Emperor of Japan, government reformer
Frederic Chopin Frederic Chopin 1810 - 1849 Romantic composer and virtuoso pianist
Andrzej Wajda Andrzej Wajda 1926 - 2016 Film and theatre director
Zuzu Angel Zuzu Angel 1921 - 1976 Fashion designer
Heo Gyun Heo Gyun 1569 - 1618 Novelist, poet, and reformist
Luiz de Barros Luiz de Barros 1893 - 1982 Film director, producer, editor, screenwriter
Antonio Buero Vallejo Antonio Buero Vallejo 1916 - 2000 Playwright, jurist, thinker, journalist, poet
Manuel de Abreu Manuel de Abreu 1894 - 1962 Physician and scientist
Anton Gvajc Anton Gvajc 1865 - 1935 Painter
Ludwig Beck Ludwig Beck 1880 - 1944 Chief of the German General Staff
Mohammed Taki Mehdi Mohammed Taki Mehdi 1928 - 1998 Activist, writer, pro-Palestinian leader
Ahmed Chalabi Ahmed Chalabi 1944 - 2015 Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Iraq
Pierre Cauchon Pierre Cauchon 1371 - 1442 Bishop of Beauvais and judge of Joan of Arc
Yusuf Salman Yusuf Yusuf Salman Yusuf 1901 - 1949 First secretary of the Iraqi Communist Party
Alexei Harlamov Alexei Harlamov 1840 - 1925 Painter of portraits, genre scenes
Bernt Lie Bernt Lie 1868 - 1916 Novelist
Boonlua Debyasuvarn Boonlua Debyasuvarn 1911 - 1982 Educator, Writer
Louis de Montfort Louis de Montfort 1673 - 1716 Preacher and missionary apostolic
Mulla Effendi Mulla Effendi 1778 - 1855 Islamic scholar and astronomer
Costin Nenitzescu Costin Nenitzescu 1902 - 1970 Chemist
Alhaji Sikiru Ayinde Barrister Alhaji Sikiru Ayinde Barrister 1948 - 2010 Fuji music pioneer
Omar Amiralay Omar Amiralay 1944 - 2011 Documentary film director and activist
Arnulf of Metz Arnulf of Metz 582 - 640 Bishop of Metz and advisor to the Merovingian
Isaac Levitan Isaac Levitan 1860 - 1900 Painter
Srifa Mahawan Srifa Mahawan 1930 - 2013 Writer, National Artist
Albert Gottschalk Albert Gottschalk 1866 - 1906 Painter, landscape artist, member
Teresa Berganza Teresa Berganza 1933 - 2022 Mezzo-soprano opera singer and teacher
Sara Suleri Goodyear Sara Suleri Goodyear 1953 - 2022 Author, professor of English
George Enescu George Enescu 1881 - 1955 Composer
Anup Ghoshal Anup Ghoshal 1944 - 2023 Playback singer
Kel Marubi Kel Marubi 1870 - 1940 Photographer and father of Gegë Marubi
Sean O Cionnaith Sean O Cionnaith 1938 - 2003 Socialist republican politician
Oba Sir Musendiku Buraimoh Adeniji Adele II Oba Sir Musendiku Buraimoh Adeniji Adele II 1893 - 1964 Oba of Lagos
Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan 1895 - 1960 First Paramount Ruler of the Federation of Malaya
Chico Mendes Chico Mendes 1944 - 1988 Rubber tapper, trade union leader, conservationist
Grigore Moisil Grigore Moisil 1906 - 1973 Mathematician, Computer Scientist
Ali Dino Ali Dino 1890 - 1938 Cartoonist and Member of the Greek Parliament
Graham Kennedy Graham Kennedy 1934 - 2005 Entertainer, comedian and variety performer
Ivan Cankar Ivan Cankar 1876 - 1918 Writer
Philippe Tran Van Hoai Philippe Tran Van Hoai 1929 - 2010 Catholic Prelate
Direk Jayanama Direk Jayanama 1905 - 1967 Diplomat, Politician
Mustafa al-Siba'i Mustafa al-Siba'i 1915 - 1964 leader of the Muslim Brotherhood
Amenhotep, son of Hapu Amenhotep, son of Hapu -1425 - -1356 Architect, scribe, and public official
Mirza Muhammad Ali Mirza Muhammad Ali 1853 - 1913 Ottoman generalissimo and grand vizier
Eduardo Galvao Eduardo Galvao 1962 - 2020 TV and theater actor
Abdul Kadar Khatri Abdul Kadar Khatri 1961 - 2019 Bagh Print master craftsman
Lazar Edeleanu Lazar Edeleanu 1861 - 1941 Chemist
Utagawa Hiroshige Utagawa Hiroshige 1797 - 1858 Ukiyo-e artist and printmaker
Osamu Dazai Osamu Dazai 1909 - 1948 Novelist, short story writer
Haleem Brohi Haleem Brohi 1935 - 2010 Journalist, satirist, writer, film critic
Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih 1955 - 2012 Indonesia's Minister of Health
Andrei Grechko Andrei Grechko 1903 - 1976 Soviet military commander and Minister
Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark 1882 - 1944 Prince of Greece and Denmark
Carmen de Burgos Carmen de Burgos 1867 - 1932 Writer, journalist, translator, pedagogue
Barbara Yung Barbara Yung 1959 - 1985 Hong Kong actress and TV star
Prosper Gueranger Prosper Gueranger 1805 - 1875 Benedictine abbot and liturgist
Federico Villarreal Federico Villarreal 1850 - 1923 scientist, engineer, politician
Franciszka Arnsztajnowa Franciszka Arnsztajnowa 1865 - 1942 Poet, playwright, and translator
Alexei Kosygin Alexei Kosygin 1904 - 1980 Premier of the Soviet Union
Gavriil Gorelov Gavriil Gorelov 1880 - 1966 Painter and art teacher
Sergio Galindo Sergio Galindo 1926 - 1993 Novelist and short story writer
Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso 1881 - 1973
William Henry Harvey William Henry Harvey 1811 - 1866 Botanist and phycologist who specialised in algae
Zhang Jinlin Zhang Jinlin 1936 - 2023 Chief designer nuclear submarine project
Muhammad al-Sufi Muhammad al-Sufi 1927 - 2018 Field marshal and defense minister
Ernst Thalmann Ernst Thalmann 1886 - 1944 Leader of the Communist Party of Germany
Shah Marai Shah Marai 1977 - 2018 Chief Photographer
Jorgen Moe Jorgen Moe 1813 - 1882 Folklorist, bishop, poet, and author
Fares al-Khoury Fares al-Khoury 1877 - 1962 father of modern Syrian politics
Agoston Pavel Agoston Pavel 1886 - 1946 Ethnologist
MUnir Ozkul MUnir Ozkul 1925 - 2018 Theater and cinema actor
Rajesh Pillai Rajesh Pillai 1974 - 2016 Film director, screenwriter, and newsreader
Umaru Dikko Umaru Dikko 1936 - 2014 Transport minister
Zoroaster Zoroaster -1000 - -551 Prophet and founder of Zoroastrianism
Sanne Bruel Sanne Bruel 1952 - 2011 Singer and musician
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler 1889 - 1945
Xu Wei Xu Wei 1521 - 1593 Painter and poet of the Ming dynasty
Abdul Rauf Benawa Abdul Rauf Benawa 1913 - 1985 Writer,Poet,Journalist, Historian, Social Activist
Etienne Gaboury Etienne Gaboury 1930 - 2022 Architect and urbanist
Bergen Bergen 1958 - 1989 Arabesque singer
Truong Chinh Truong Chinh 1907 - 1988 Political leader
Ivo Petric Ivo Petric 1931 - 2018 Composer, Oboist
Bhim Singh Bhim Singh 1924 - 1978 Film director, producer, editor, and writer
Peter Munk Peter Munk 1927 - 2018 Founder and chairman of Barrick Gold Corporation
Nguyen Phuc Mien Dinh Nguyen Phuc Mien Dinh 1810 - 1886 Prince
Laxmikant Berde Laxmikant Berde 1954 - 2004 Actor and comedian, appeared
Isaac Boleslavsky Isaac Boleslavsky 1919 - 1977 Chess Grandmaster
James Cook James Cook 1728 - 1779 Explorer, cartographer and naval officer
Franciska Clausen Franciska Clausen 1899 - 1986 Abstract painter
Maria Tanase Maria Tanase 1913 - 1963 Singer, Actress
Brian Jones Brian Jones 1942 - 1969 Multi-instrumentalist
Carlos Chagas Carlos Chagas 1879 - 1934 Physician and scientist
Juan Fernandez Navarrete Juan Fernandez Navarrete 1526 - 1579 Painter of the Spanish Mannerist school
Malik Ishaq Malik Ishaq 1959 - 2015 Senior commander of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan
Silvestr Shchedrin Silvestr Shchedrin 1791 - 1830 Russian landscape painter
Abdul Aziz al Hakim Abdul Aziz al Hakim 1953 - 2009 Leader of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
Viktor Tsoi Viktor Tsoi 1962 - 1990 Co-founder of the rock band Kino
Jerzy Ivanov-Szajnowicz Jerzy Ivanov-Szajnowicz 1911 - 1943 Saboteur in the Greek Resistance
Clara Wieck Schumann Clara Wieck Schumann 1819 - 1896 Pianist, composer, and piano teacher
Nikolay Kasatkin Nikolay Kasatkin 1859 - 1930 Painter of social and historical themes
Sepp Dietrich Sepp Dietrich 1892 - 1966 SS commander and Nazi politician
Widjojo Nitisastro Widjojo Nitisastro 1917 - 2001 President Director of Pertamina
Peter Allen Greenbaum Peter Allen Greenbaum 1946 - 2020 Blues rock singer, guitarist
Frederick III Frederick III 1831 - 1888 German Emperor and King of Prussia
France Gall France Gall 1947 - 2018 Yé-yé singer and Eurovision winner
Liaquat Ali Khan Liaquat Ali Khan 1895 - 1951 First prime minister of Pakistan
Park Won-soon Park Won-soon 1956 - 2020 Mayor of Seoul
Akiyuki Nosaka Akiyuki Nosaka 1930 - 2015 Novelist, singer, lyricist
Michael Collins Michael Collins 1890 - 1922 Revolutionary leader
Karlheinz Bohm Karlheinz Bohm 1928 - 2014 actor and founder of Menschen für Menschen
Ali Sadpara Ali Sadpara 1976 - 2021 Mountaineer and adventurer
Kaimook Chuto Kaimook Chuto 1938 - 1995 Sculptor
Paulo Cesar Saraceni Paulo Cesar Saraceni 1933 - 2012 Film director and screenwriter
Rok Petrovic Rok Petrovic 1966 - 1993 Alpine Skier
Ibrahim Al-Omar Ibrahim Al-Omar 1978 - 2016 Camera operator for Al-Jazeera Mubasher
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. William Shakespeare

    Died: 1616 A.D
    Slogan: The rest is silence.

    William Shakespeare was a renowned English poet, playwright, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His birthday is most commonly celebrated on 23 April (see When was Shakespeare born ), which is also believed to be the date he died in 1616. Shakespeare was a prolific writer during the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages of British theatre (sometimes called the English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period). Shakespeare’s plays are perhaps his most enduring legacy, but they are not all he wrote. Shakespeare’s poems also remain popular to this day. Shakespeare's family were granted a coat of arms in 1596: it is thought that it was the influence of William Shakespeare that brought that about. It is likely that both William Shakespeare’s parents – John and Mary – were illiterate. John used a pair of glover’s compasses as his signature and Mary used a running horse. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: not of an age, but for all time.

    William Shakespeare Profile

  • 2. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 3. Ahmadu Bello

    Died: 1966 A.D
    Slogan: Work and worship

    Ahmadu Bello was a conservative Nigerian statesman who masterminded Northern Nigeria through the independence of Nigeria in 1960 and served as its first and only premier from 1954 until his assassination in 1966. He was also the leader of the Northern People's Congress, the ruling party at the time consisting of the Hausa–Fulani elite. He had previously been elected into the regional legislature and later became a government minister. A member of the Sokoto Caliphate dynasty, he made attempts at becoming Sultan of Sokoto before later joining politics. He was a descendant of Uthman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and a grandson of Sultan Atiku na Raba. He received Islamic education at home, where he learnt the Qur'an, Islamic jurisprudence and the traditions of Muhammad. He later attended Sokoto Provincial School and the Katsina Training College (now Barewa College). During his school days, he was known as Ahmadu Rabah. He finished school in 1931 and subsequently became the English teacher in Sokoto Middle School. In 1934, Bello was made the District Head of Rabah by Sultan Hassan dan Mu'azu, succeeding his brother. In 1938, he was promoted to the position of Divisional Head of Gusau and became a member of the Sultan's council. In 1938, at the age of just 28, he made attempts to become the Sultan of Sokoto but was not successful, losing to Sir Siddiq Abubakar III who reigned for 50 years until his death in 1988. The new Sultan immediately made Sir Ahmadu Bello the Sardauna (Crown Prince) of Sokoto, a chieftaincy title, and promoted him to the Sokoto Native Authority Council. These titles automatically made him the Chief Political Adviser to the Sultan. Later, he was put in charge of the Sokoto Province to oversee 47 districts and by 1944, he was back at the Sultan's Palace to work as the Chief Secretary of the State Native Administration. He entered politics in 1949 as a member of the Northern House of Assembly and a representative of the Sokoto Native Authority. In 1951, he was elected to the House of Representatives in Lagos as a member of the Northern People's Congress (NPC), a party that he helped to form. He became the first Premier of Northern Nigeria in 1954. He was a strong advocate of the modernization and unity of Northern Nigeria, and he opposed the secessionist agenda of some southern politicians. He worked to improve the education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure of the region. He also supported the establishment of the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, the second largest university in Africa. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1959. He was assassinated on 15 January 1966 in a military coup led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, an Igbo officer. He died alongside his wife, Hafsatu, and his aide, Ahmed Ben Musa. He was buried in Sokoto, and his tomb is a national monument. He is widely revered in Northern Nigeria as a visionary leader and a symbol of the region's identity and history.

    Ahmadu Bello Profile

  • 4. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

    Miyamoto Musashi Profile

  • 5. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

  • 6. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 7. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    Died: 1948 A.D
    Slogan: Be the change that you wish to see in the world.

    Bapu, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was one of the most influential figures in the history of India and the world. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father was the chief minister of Porbandar state and his mother was a devout Hindu. He was married to Kasturba Gandhi at the age of 13 and had four sons with her. Bapu studied law in London and became a barrister in 1891. He then moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer for the Indian community there. He faced racial discrimination and injustice in South Africa and began to protest against them using nonviolent methods. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and led campaigns for civil rights and political representation for Indians. He also developed his concept of Satyagraha, or truth force, which was based on non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and peaceful resistance. Bapu returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress, a political party that sought to end British colonial rule in India. He became the leader of the Congress in 1921 and launched several mass movements to challenge the British authority. Some of his famous campaigns were the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), and the Quit India Movement (1942-1945). He also led the historic Dandi Salt March in 1930, where he and thousands of his followers defied the British salt tax by making their own salt from seawater. Bapu was not only a political leader but also a social reformer and a spiritual guide. He advocated for the upliftment of the poor, the oppressed, and the untouchables. He promoted swadeshi or self-reliance by encouraging Indians to spin their own cloth from khadi or hand-spun cotton. He also preached ahimsa or non-violence as a way of life and a means of achieving harmony among different religions and communities. Bapu played a crucial role in securing India's independence from British rule in 1947. However, he was deeply saddened by the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines and the violence that followed. He tried to stop the communal riots and appealed for peace and brotherhood. He was assassinated on 30 January 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist who blamed him for appeasing Muslims. Bapu's last words were Hey Ram or Oh God. Bapu is widely regarded as the Father of the Nation in India and is revered as a symbol of peace, truth, and non-violence across the world. His birthday, 2 October, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India and as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations. His life and teachings have inspired many leaders and movements for freedom, justice, and human rights around the globe.

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Profile

  • 8. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

    Lars Kruse Profile

  • 9. Abraham Lincoln

    Died: 1865 A.D
    Slogan:

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, who led the nation through the Civil War and abolished slavery. He was born in a log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, and grew up in poverty on the frontier. He taught himself to read and write, and became a lawyer and a politician. He joined the new Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery, and became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas in 1858. He ran for president in 1860, and won with a majority of electoral votes, but not popular votes. His election triggered the secession of several Southern states, who formed the Confederate States of America. Lincoln refused to recognize their independence, and declared war to preserve the Union. Lincoln faced many challenges and difficulties during the war, both on the battlefield and on the home front. He had to deal with divided public opinion, political rivals, incompetent generals, and personal tragedies. He also had to balance his own moral convictions with the practical realities of war. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, which declared that all enslaved people in the rebel states were free. He also supported the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the entire country. He delivered some of the most memorable speeches in American history, such as the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural Address, which expressed his vision of democracy, equality, and reconciliation. Lincoln was widely admired for his leadership, courage, honesty, and compassion. He was also hated by many who opposed his policies and views. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning, becoming the first American president to be killed in office. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents in American history, and his legacy continues to inspire millions of people around the world.

    Abraham Lincoln Profile

  • 10. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

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