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Francisco Franco Francisco Franco 1892 - 1975 Leader of the Nationalist forces
Dion Boucicault Dion Boucicault 1820 - 1890 Melodrama writer and performer
Teresa Remiszewska Teresa Remiszewska 1928 - 2002 Sailor, journalist, political activist
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Luneburg-Celle 1666 - 1726 Electoral Princess of Hanover
Sergiu Florin Nicolaescu Sergiu Florin Nicolaescu 1930 - 2013 Film director, actor
Ahmed Ghulamali Chagla Ahmed Ghulamali Chagla 1902 - 1953 Composer of the national anthem of Pakistan
Carlos Imperial Carlos Imperial 1935 - 1992 show business personality
Gordon Andrews Gordon Andrews 1914 - 2001 Graphic designer and industrial designer
Muharrem Qena Muharrem Qena 1930 - 2006 Actor and writer
Thomas Mann Thomas Mann 1875 - 1955 Novelist and essayist
Benjamin Chukwudum Nnamdi Anyene Benjamin Chukwudum Nnamdi Anyene 1951 - 2019 Commissioner for Health in Anambra State
Jacob Jensen Jacob Jensen 1926 - 2015 Industrial designer of many products for Bang
Nikolai Chekhov Nikolai Chekhov 1858 - 1889 Painting portraits , illustrating Anton's stories
Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours 538 - 594 Historian and Bishop of Tours
Hanzo HATTORI Hanzo HATTORI 1542 - 1596 Ninja master and tactician
Leon Dehon Leon Dehon 1843 - 1925 Founder of the Congregation of the Sacred Heart
Gheorghe Titeica Gheorghe Titeica 1873 - 1939 Mathematician
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1901 - 1965 Politician
Josip Stritar Josip Stritar 1836 - 1923 Writer
Lily Pons Lily Pons 1898 - 1976 Opera singer and actress
Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai 1859 - 1916 President and Emperor of China
Miha Baloh Miha Baloh 1928 - 2022 Actor
Turgut Ozal Turgut Ozal 1927 - 1993 President and Prime Minister of Turkey
Harold Edward Elliott Harold Edward Elliott 1878 - 1931 Brigadier General and Senator for Victoria
Bulat Okudzhava Bulat Okudzhava 1924 - 1997 Author song singer-songwriter
Edward Jenner Edward Jenner 1749 - 1823 Surgeon and discoverer of smallpox vaccine
Baris Manco Baris Manco 1943 - 1999 Rock musician, singer, composer, actor
Riazuddin Riazuddin 1930 - 2013 Theoretical physicist and director of TPG
Carlos Wiesse Portocarrero Carlos Wiesse Portocarrero 1859 - 1945 scholar, historian
Benito Juarez Benito Juarez 1806 - 1872 liberal lawyer
Manuel Pereira Silva Manuel Pereira Silva 1920 - 2003 Abstract sculptor inspired by the human figure
Gheorghe Dinica Gheorghe Dinica 1933 - 2009 actor
Sippanondha Ketudat Sippanondha Ketudat 1931 - 2006 Nuclear Physicist, Educator
Ferdinand Meldahl Ferdinand Meldahl 1827 - 1908 Architect chamberlain of many important buildings
Margot Frank Margot Frank 1926 - 1945 Diarist
Guangxu Guangxu 1871 - 1908 Emperor of the Qing dynasty
Mochtar Apin Mochtar Apin 1923 - 1994 Pioneering Indonesian painter, illustrator
Lateef Kayode Jakande Lateef Kayode Jakande 1929 - 2021 Governor of Lagos State and Minister of Works
Jernej Sugman Jernej Sugman 1968 - 2017 Actor
Li Xiannian Li Xiannian 1909 - 1992 President of the People's Republic of China
Samuel Benfield Steele Samuel Benfield Steele 1849 - 1919 Mountie and Military Leader
Slavko Osterc Slavko Osterc 1895 - 1941 Composer
Katy Jurado Katy Jurado 1924 - 2002 Actress
Anton Melik Anton Melik 1890 - 1966 Geographer
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin Pierre Teilhard de Chardin 1881 - 1955 Philosopher and paleontologist
Dang Jittakorn Dang Jittakorn 1970 - 2016 Singer, Songwriter, Music Producer
Mina Mangal Mina Mangal 1992 - 2019 Political Advisor
Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp 1887 - 1968 Painter, sculptor, chess player, writer
T.M. Aluko T.M. Aluko 1918 - 2010 Novelist, playwright, poet, town planner
Ahmed Rushdi Ahmed Rushdi 1934 - 1983 Folk singer and musician
Carlos Chagas Carlos Chagas 1879 - 1934 Physician and scientist
Ishmeet Singh Ishmeet Singh 1988 - 2008 Playback singer and musician
Sandhya Mukhopadhyay Sandhya Mukhopadhyay 1931 - 2022 Playback singer
Riad Haidar Riad Haidar 1951 - 2023 Member of the Sejm of Poland
Shitao Shitao 1642 - 1707 Ink painter, calligrapher, poet, seal carver
Dolores Ibarruri Dolores Ibarruri 1895 - 1989 Member of the Communist Party of Spain
Didrik Frisch Didrik Frisch 1835 - 1867 Landscape and animal painter
Hugh Leonard Hugh Leonard 1926 - 2009 Playwright, television writer, essayist
Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola 1937 - 1998 Business tycoon and presidential candidate
Le Thu Le Thu 1943 - 2021 Singer
Adedigba Mukaila Adedigba Mukaila 1950 - 2023 Nollywood actor and director
Lluis Rigalt Lluis Rigalt 1814 - 1894 Painter of the Spanish Mannerist school
Eduard Caudella Eduard Caudella 1841 - 1924 Composer
Saadat Hasan Manto Saadat Hasan Manto 1912 - 1955 Short story writer
Aurel Vlaicu Aurel Vlaicu 1882 - 1913 engineer, inventor, aviator
Nasser bin Salim al Rawahi Nasser bin Salim al Rawahi 1860 - 1920 poet
George Elton Mayo George Elton Mayo 1880 - 1949 Psychologist and sociologist
Jeong Seung-hwa Jeong Seung-hwa 1929 - 2002 22nd Republic of Korea Army Chief of Staff
Sadiq Jalal al-Azm Sadiq Jalal al-Azm 1934 - 2016 Professor of Modern European Philosophy
Leonardo Villar Leonardo Villar 1923 - 2020 Actor, director
Maren Kirstine Kjaer Maren Kirstine Kjaer 1893 - 1985 Portrait painter
Wladyslaw Reymont Wladyslaw Reymont 1867 - 1925 Novelist
Joe Tamuno-Bididamaa Tom West Joe Tamuno-Bididamaa Tom West 1965 - 2006 Nollywood actor
Hasan Tahsini Hasan Tahsini 1811 - 1881 Astronomer and mathematician
Augustus II the Strong Augustus II the Strong 1670 - 1733 King of Poland and Elector of Saxony
Felipe Carrillo Puerto Felipe Carrillo Puerto 1874 - 1924 Journalist, politician and revolutionary
Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass 1815 - 1897 Father of modern analysis
Aurora Miranda Aurora Miranda 1915 - 2005 Singer and actress of cinema, television
Teresa Teng Teresa Teng 1953 - 1995 Singer of folk and romantic songs
Anwar Shaul Anwar Shaul 1904 - 1977 Poet and activist for Iraqi independence
Renee Geyer Renee Geyer 1953 - 2023 actress in A Country Practice
Bujor Nedelcovici Bujor Nedelcovici 1936 - 2023 Novelist
Lewis Frederick Urry Lewis Frederick Urry 1927 - 2004 Inventor of alkaline and lithium batteries
Mahmoud Al-Zoubi Mahmoud Al-Zoubi 1935 - 2000 Prime Minister of Syria
Dmitry Bogrov Dmitry Bogrov 1887 - 1911 Lawyer
Nils Aas Nils Aas 1933 - 2004 Abstract sculpture
Plutarco Elias Calles Plutarco Elias Calles 1877 - 1945 President of Mexico, founder of PRI
Zahir Pajaziti Zahir Pajaziti 1962 - 1997 Member of the Communist Youth
Tomaz Pengov Tomaz Pengov 1949 - 2014 Singer-songwriter
Ahmad Nadeem Qasimi Ahmad Nadeem Qasimi 1916 - 2006 Poet and journalist
Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum 1887 - 1957 Patriarch of Antioch and head
Ahmad Izzat Pasha al-Abid Ahmad Izzat Pasha al-Abid 1851 - 1924 Second Secretary of Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II
Avtar Kishan Hangal Avtar Kishan Hangal 1914 - 2012 Character actor in Hindi cinema
Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Shah Durrani 1722 - 1772 Founder of the Durrani Empire
Andre Bjerke Andre Bjerke 1918 - 1985 Poet, novelist, translator
Setsuko Hara Setsuko Hara 1920 - 2015 Actress in Yasujirō Ozu's films
Nikolay Raevsky Nikolay Raevsky 1771 - 1829 General and statesman who fought
Alfredo Sirkis Alfredo Sirkis 1950 - 2020 Journalist, writer, and urban planner
Longin Frikke Longin Frikke 1820 - 1893 Graphic artist, woodcut illustrator, art critic
Leila Mustafa Leila Mustafa 1988 - 2023 Co-chair of the Civil Council of Raqqa
Lu Shijia Lu Shijia 1911 - 1986 physicist and aerospace engineer
Jean de Labadie Jean de Labadie 1610 - 1674 Founder of the Labadists
Moyses Baumstein Moyses Baumstein 1931 - 1991 Artist, inventor, writer, filmmaker
Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya 1861 - 1962 Civil engineer, administrator, and scholar
Bobby Kottarakkara Bobby Kottarakkara 1952 - 2000 Acting in Malayalam films and TV serials
Ion Ratiu Ion Ratiu 1917 - 2000 Politician
Peter O'Toole Peter O'Toole 1932 - 2013 Actor of stage and screen
Wu Yin Wu Yin 1909 - 1991 Actress
Kwong-Chai Chu Kwong-Chai Chu 1901 - 1992 hydraulic engineer
Nguyen Van Thieu Nguyen Van Thieu 1923 - 2001 President
Jorge Basadre Jorge Basadre 1903 - 1980 Historian
Lo Lieh Lo Lieh 1939 - 2002 Martial artist and film actor
Iolanda Balas Iolanda Balas 1936 - 2016 Athlete
Thomas Edward Lawrence Thomas Edward Lawrence 1888 - 1935 Archaeologist and military officer
Kon Ichikawa Kon Ichikawa 1915 - 2008 Film director and screenwriter
Leonard Birchall Leonard Birchall 1915 - 2004 Pilot and war hero
Takashi Amano Takashi Amano 1954 - 2015 Aquascaping and nature photography
Demetrio Stratos Demetrio Stratos 1945 - 1979 Lead singer of Area
Liang Shiyi Liang Shiyi 1634 - 1711 Premier of the Republic of China
Shin'ichiro Tomonaga Shin'ichiro Tomonaga 1906 - 1979 Quantum electrodynamics
Stane Sever Stane Sever 1914 - 1970 Actor
Kristo Sulidhi Kristo Sulidhi 1858 - 1938 Photographer and writer for The Voice
Euclid Euclid 265 - 300 Mathematician
Yen Chia kan Yen Chia kan 1905 - 1993 President of the Republic of China
Joao Gilberto do Prado Pereira de Oliveira Joao Gilberto do Prado Pereira de Oliveira 1931 - 2019 Guitarist, singer, and composer
Nexhmije Pagarusha Nexhmije Pagarusha 1933 - 2020 Singer and soprano
Max Born Max Born 1882 - 1970 Quantum mechanics pioneer
Nisar Qadri Nisar Qadri 1940 - 2023 Radio, stage, and television actor
Mahmoud Yassin Mahmoud Yassin 1941 - 2020 Actor
Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr Muhammad Hamid Abu al-Nasr 1913 - 1996 General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood
Adamantios Korais Adamantios Korais 1748 - 1833 Greek humanist scholar
Tahia Carioca Tahia Carioca 1915 - 1999 Belly dancer and film actress
Marie Salome Skudofska Curie Marie Salome Skudofska Curie 1867 - 1934 Physicist chemist
John Graham Lake John Graham Lake 1870 - 1935 Missionary
Sahal Mahfudh Sahal Mahfudh 1937 - 2014 Islamic leader and scholar
Paiboon Butkhan Paiboon Butkhan 1918 - 1972 Composer, Playwright
Adnan Menderes Adnan Menderes 1899 - 1961 Prime Minister of Turkey
Trinh Thi Ngo Trinh Thi Ngo 1931 - 2016 Radio personality
Kristian Mandrup Elster Kristian Mandrup Elster 1841 - 1881 Novelist, journalist, literary critic
Edith Cowan Edith Cowan 1861 - 1932 Social reformer and politician
Ignaz Semmelweis Ignaz Semmelweis 1818 - 1865 Discovering the cause of puerperal fever
Kostandin Boshnjaku Kostandin Boshnjaku 1888 - 1953 Banker, politician, diplomat and translator
Munzir Al Musawa Munzir Al Musawa 1973 - 2013 Former robber and gambling tycoon
Neville Chamberlain Neville Chamberlain 1869 - 1940 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Mike Naumenko Mike Naumenko 1955 - 1991 Singer-songwriter, leader of Zoopark
Naji al Jerf Naji al Jerf 1977 - 2015 Documentary filmmaker
Ghulam Dastagir Alam Ghulam Dastagir Alam 1937 - 2000 Theoretical physicist and professor
Anne Frank Anne Frank 1929 - 1945 Diarist
Don Raimundo Don Raimundo 1090 - 1152 Archbishop of Toledo and patron of the Toledan
Balwant Rai Mehta Balwant Rai Mehta 1899 - 1965 Chief Minister of Gujarat
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

  • 2. Plato

    Died: -347 A.D
    Slogan: The measure of a man is what he does with power.

    Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered one of the most important figures in Western philosophy. Plato was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. He wrote numerous philosophical dialogues, including The Republic, which presents his vision of an ideal society. Plato's philosophy covers a wide range of topics, including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. His ideas continue to be studied and debated to this day.Little is known about Plato's early life and education. He belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, modern scholars believe he was born in Athens or Aegina, between 428[10] and 423 BC. The exact time and place of birth are unknown. He was known to have worn earrings and finger rings during his youth to stand out and make himself look distinguished.The extent of Plato's affinity for jewelry while young was even characterized as "decadent" by Sextus Empiricus. Plato gives little biographical information, but refers at various points to some of his relatives with a great degree of precision, including his brothers, Adeimantus, and Glaucon, in the Plato's Republic. These and other references make it possible to reconstruct Plato's family tree.[15] Plato may have travelled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene,[16] but at 40, Plato founded a school of philosophy in Athens, the Academy, on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus,[17] named after Academus, an Attic hero in Greek mythology. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Sulla in 84 BC. Many philosophers studied at the Academy, the most prominent being Aristotle. According to Diogenes Laertius, throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse, where he attempted to replace the tyrant Dionysius,[20] with Dionysius's brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, whom Plato had recruited as one of his followers, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato almost faced death, but was sold into slavery. Anniceris, a Cyrenaic philosopher, bought Plato's freedom for twenty minas, and sent him home. After Dionysius's death, according to Plato's Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysius II, who seemed to accept Plato's teachings, but eventually became suspicious of their motives, expelling Dion and holding Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse and Dion would return to overthrow Dionysius and rule Syracuse, before being usurped by Callippus, a fellow disciple of Plato. A variety of sources have given accounts of Plato's death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript,[22] suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diogenes Laertius's reference to an account by Hermippus, a third-century Alexandrian. According to Tertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep.

  • 3. Miyamoto Musashi

    Died: 1645 A.D
    Slogan: The way is in training.

    Miyamoto Musashi was a legendary Japanese swordsman, philosopher, strategist, writer, and rōnin. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest swordsmen in history, as well as a master of various arts and crafts. He lived during the late Sengoku and early Edo periods, a time of social and political turmoil in Japan. He spent most of his life wandering across the country, challenging and defeating numerous opponents in duels, honing his skills and developing his own style of swordsmanship. He also participated in several wars and battles, serving different lords and factions. He was never defeated in any of his 61 recorded duels, some of which were against multiple adversaries or renowned masters. Musashi's most famous duel was against Sasaki Kojirō, another prominent swordsman, in 1612. The duel took place on the island of Funajima, near Kokura. Musashi arrived late, and used a wooden sword that he carved from an oar on his way to the island. He struck Kojirō on the head with a single blow, killing him instantly. Musashi then swiftly left the island, without waiting for the formalities. This duel has been dramatized and fictionalized in many works of literature, art, and film. Musashi was also a prolific writer and a keen observer of nature and human behavior. He wrote several works on martial arts, strategy, and philosophy, most notably The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho), a treatise on the principles and practice of his Niten Ichi-ryū (Two Heavens as One) style of swordsmanship, which employs both the long and the short sword simultaneously. The book is divided into five chapters, each corresponding to one of the five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, and Void. It contains practical advice on tactics, techniques, and training, as well as metaphysical and ethical insights on the way of the warrior and the nature of reality. The book is considered a classic of military strategy and has influenced various fields and disciplines, such as business, politics, sports, and psychology. Musashi was also a talented artist and a versatile craftsman. He created many paintings, calligraphies, sculptures, and metalworks, often incorporating Zen and Buddhist motifs. He was especially skilled in painting birds and animals, using a minimalist and dynamic style. Some of his artworks are designated as national treasures or important cultural properties in Japan. He also designed and supervised the construction of the Akashi Castle in 1617, and the reconstruction of the Kumamoto Castle in 1637. Musashi spent his last years as a hermit in a cave called Reigandō, near Kumamoto. He continued to practice and refine his art, as well as to meditate and write. He died in 1645, at the age of 60 or 61, of what is believed to be thoracic cancer. He died peacefully, after completing his final work, The Path of Aloneness (Dokkōdō), a collection of 21 precepts on self-discipline and personal conduct. He was buried at the Musashizuka Park, where a memorial and a statue were erected in his honor. He is revered as a national hero and a cultural icon in Japan, and his legacy lives on in many forms of popular culture around the world.

  • 4. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

  • 5. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

  • 6. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

  • 7. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

    Died: 1938 A.D
    Slogan: Peace at home, peace in the world

    Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish soldier, statesman, and reformer who is widely regarded as the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey. He rose to prominence as a military commander in the Ottoman army during World War I, where he successfully defended the Gallipoli peninsula against the Allied invasion. After the war, he led the Turkish War of Independence against the occupying forces of the victorious powers. He established a provisional government in Ankara and repelled the Greek forces that aimed to annex western Anatolia. He abolished the Ottoman monarchy and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923, becoming its first president. He embarked on a series of radical reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and westernized nation-state, with a new alphabet, civil code, education system, and women's rights. He also promoted Turkish nationalism and cultural identity, while suppressing Kurdish and other ethnic minorities. He is revered by many Turks as the "Father of the Turks" and the "Great Leader", and his mausoleum in Ankara is a national symbol. He is also widely respected internationally as a visionary leader and a military genius. He died of liver cirrhosis in 1938, leaving behind a lasting legacy of modernization and secularism.

  • 8. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

  • 9. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

  • 10. Lars Kruse

    Died: 1894 A.D
    Slogan: Humble in speech, proud in deed, Christian in action, man in his boat.

    Lars Kruse was born in Skagen, Denmark, on 5 June 1828. He was the son of Johan Hinrich Jes Kruse, a Danish school founder, and his wife Anna Magdalene Christine Becker. He started fishing at an early age and participated in many rescue attempts off the dangerous shores of Skagen. One of his most famous rescues was on 27 December 1862, when he saved the crew of the Swedish brig Daphne, after the lifeboat had capsized and killed eight of its crew. He was appointed as the head of lifesaving in Skagen and received several medals and honors from Denmark and other countries for his bravery and service. He also inspired the painter Michael Ancher, who portrayed him in several works. He married twice and had three children. He drowned on 9 March 1894, while trying to land his boat in a snowstorm. He was buried at Skagen Cemetery with a memorial stone bearing the words of Holger Drachmann: Here lies under the sand of the dune A brave sailor's bones But Skagen's reef and shoals Recognize their duty And sing of Lars Kruse's life A loud heroic poem.

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