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Ishrat Hussain Usmani Ishrat Hussain Usmani 1917 - 1992 Nuclear physicist and chairman of PAEC
Ernst Barlach Ernst Barlach 1870 - 1938 Expressionist sculptor and writer
Vasile Conta Vasile Conta 1845 - 1882 Philosopher
Wu Guanzhong Wu Guanzhong 1919 - 2010 Painter and writer
John Keats John Keats 1795 - 1821 Poet
Peter George Oliver Freund Peter George Oliver Freund 1936 - 2018 Theoretical Physicist
Sood Sangvichien Sood Sangvichien 1907 - 1995 Medical Doctor, Anatomist
Neagoe Basarab Neagoe Basarab 1459 - 1521 Voivode of Wallachia
August Oddvar August Oddvar 1877 - 1964 Stage actor
Dang Thuy Tram Dang Thuy Tram 1942 - 1970 Battlefield Surgeon
Henry IV Henry IV 1050 - 1106 Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany
Ferdinand Schorner Ferdinand Schorner 1892 - 1973 Field Marshal
Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont 1861 - 1922 British royal family member by marriage
Enrique Gonzalez Martinez Enrique Gonzalez Martinez 1871 - 1952 Poet, journalist, and diplomat
Dimitrie Gusti Dimitrie Gusti 1880 - 1955 Sociologist
Funmilayo Olayinka Funmilayo Olayinka 1960 - 2013 Deputy Governor of Ekiti State
Saionji Kinmochi Saionji Kinmochi 1849 - 1940 Prime Minister of Japan
Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya 1918 - 2010 General theory of relativity, Vaidya metric
Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes 1844 - 1892 Economist, writer, and newspaper editor
Justin Yerbury Justin Yerbury 1974 - 2023 Professor in Neurodegenerative Disease
Mehmed IV Mehmed IV 1642 - 1693 Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
cajupi cajupi 1866 - 1930 Delegate to the Congress of Monastir
Qavi Khan Qavi Khan 1932 - 2023 Film, television and stage actor, film producer
Khalid Iqbal Khalid Iqbal 1929 - 2014 Painter and sculptor
Doug Henning Doug Henning 1947 - 2000 Magician, Illusionist, Escape Artist
Cyprian Ekwensi Cyprian Ekwensi 1921 - 2007 Novelist, short-story writer, children's author
Fang Weiyi Fang Weiyi 1869 - 1927 Writer and historian
Ho Ping sung Ho Ping sung 1890 - 1946 Educator, writer, historian
Lee Eun-ju Lee Eun-ju 1980 - 2005 Actress
Nasim al-Safarjalani Nasim al-Safarjalani 1935 - 1994 General Secretary of the Presidential Council
Dodi Fayed Dodi Fayed 1955 - 1997 Film producer
Vangjush Mio Vangjush Mio 1891 - 1957 Painter and teacher
Ishiro Honda Ishiro Honda 1911 - 1993 Director and co-creator of the Godzilla franchise
Virginia Zeani Virginia Zeani 1925 - 2023 Opera Singer
Leopold Mozart Leopold Mozart 1719 - 1787 Music teacher and composer
Niall Toibin Niall Toibin 1929 - 2019 Actor and comedian
Lolo Soetoro Lolo Soetoro 1935 - 1987 Geologist and army colonel
Hassan Sobhi Mourad Hassan Sobhi Mourad 1942 - 2015 Academic
Oswald de Andrade Oswald de Andrade 1890 - 1954 Novelist and cultural critic
Manuel Santana Manuel Santana 1938 - 2021 Tennis player
Harold Rogers Harold Rogers 1899 - 1994 Founder of Kin Canada
Andreas Jynge Andreas Jynge 1870 - 1955 Poet and civil servant
Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi Khalid bin Mohammed Al Qasimi 1931 - 1972 Former Ruler of Sharjah.
Maria Luisa Puga Maria Luisa Puga 1944 - 2004 Novelist and essayist
Pyotr Vologodsky Pyotr Vologodsky 1863 - 1915 Finance minister and prime minister
Alexandra Feodorovna Alexandra Feodorovna 1872 - 1918 Empress consort of Russia
Hile Mosi Hile Mosi 1885 - 1933 Poet and philologist
Grigore Vasiliu Birlic Grigore Vasiliu Birlic 1905 - 1970 Comedic actor
Neco Muko Neco Muko 1899 - 1934 Singer and composer
Zhang Tingyu Zhang Tingyu 1672 - 1755 Minister of Justice and historian
Isao Tomita Isao Tomita 1932 - 2016 Electronic music pioneer
Tadeusz Kosciuszko Tadeusz Kosciuszko 1746 - 1817 Military leader and statesman
Leonid Utesov Leonid Utesov 1895 - 1982 Estrada singer and comic actor
Major Tufail Muhammad Shaheed Major Tufail Muhammad Shaheed 1914 - 1958 Recipient of Nishan-e-Haider
Emperor Nakamikado Emperor Nakamikado 1702 - 1737 Emperor of Japan from 1709 to 1735
Nguyen Xuan Vinh Nguyen Xuan Vinh 1930 - 2022 Aerospace Scientist
Alvan Ikoku Alvan Ikoku 1900 - 1971 Educationist and politician
Saneeya Hussain Saneeya Hussain 1954 - 2005 Journalist, environmentalist, and editor
Germaine Greer Germaine Greer 1939 - 2021 writer and public intellectual
Maureen O'Hara Maureen O'Hara 1920 - 2015 Playing passionate but sensible heroines
Chalood Nimsamer Chalood Nimsamer 1929 - 2015 Artist, Sculptor
Dao Duy Tu Dao Duy Tu 1572 - 1634 scholar, poet, mandarin
Emperor Shomu Emperor Shomu 701 - 756 Emperor of Japan
Senusret III Senusret III -1878 - -1839 Pharaoh of Egypt
Simion Barnutiu Simion Barnutiu 1808 - 1864 Historian, Philosopher, Jurist
Stefan Niculescu Stefan Niculescu 1927 - 2008 Composer
Mohammad Taqi al Khoei Mohammad Taqi al Khoei 1954 - 1994 Shia scholar and philanthropist
James Henry Cousins James Henry Cousins 1873 - 1956 Writer, actor, critic, editor, teacher and poet
Theophanes the Confessor Theophanes the Confessor 732 - 817 Monk and chronicler
Abdul Qadir Abdul Qadir 1955 - 2019 Leg spin bowler
Chen Kingkwan Chen Kingkwan 1913 - 2000 sprinter
Ernesto de la Pena Ernesto de la Pena 1927 - 2012 Writer, translator and cultural advocate
Neville Henry Cayley Neville Henry Cayley 1854 - 1903 Artist and ornithologist
Omar Amiralay Omar Amiralay 1944 - 2011 Documentary film director and activist
Faiz Ahmad Faiz Faiz Ahmad Faiz 1911 - 1984 Poet and journalist
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim 1486 - 1535 Occult writer, theologian, physician
Dimitrie Cantemir Dimitrie Cantemir 1673 - 1723 Prince of Moldavia
Maximilien Robespierre Maximilien Robespierre 1758 - 1794 Leader of the French Revolution and the Reign
Ciril Cvetko Ciril Cvetko 1920 - 1999 composer, conductor
Ndrek Luca Ndrek Luca 1927 - 1993 Film and theatre actor and director
Martin Niemoller Martin Niemoller 1892 - 1984 Anti-Nazi activist
Sun Zongwei Sun Zongwei 1912 - 1979 Gongbi painter
Fu Baolu Fu Baolu 1913 - 1943 Pole vaulter
Tommy Makem Tommy Makem 1932 - 2007 Folk singer, songwriter, storyteller
Marcel Proust Marcel Proust 1871 - 1922 Novelist and critic
Erwin Rommel Erwin Rommel 1891 - 1944 Military General
Philippe de Vitry Philippe de Vitry 1291 - 1361 Musician and bishop
Annalise Braakensiek Annalise Braakensiek 1972 - 2019 Model and actress
Henri Boudet Henri Boudet 1837 - 1915 Priest, amateur archeologist, philologist, writer
Evgenia Baykova Evgenia Baykova 1907 - 1997 Painter
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi 1917 - 1984 Prime Minister of India, leader
Kwong-Chai Chu Kwong-Chai Chu 1901 - 1992 hydraulic engineer
Nurul Amin Nurul Amin 1893 - 1974 Prime Minister of Pakistan
Hafiz Sahar Hafiz Sahar 1928 - 1982 Academic Scholar
Sitara Achakzai Sitara Achakzai 1956 - 2009 Activist
Dolores Del Rio Dolores Del Rio 1904 - 1983 Hollywood and Mexican cinema star
Anita Bitri Anita Bitri 1968 - 2004 Singer and violinist
Justus von Liebig Justus von Liebig 1803 - 1873 Chemist and agricultural scientist
Joseph Michael Kerrigan Joseph Michael Kerrigan 1884 - 1964 Actor and director
Jedrzej Moraczewski Jedrzej Moraczewski 1870 - 1944 Prime Minister of Poland
Lone Maslocha Lone Maslocha 1921 - 1945 Photographer, resistance fighter, courier
Sriwati Masmundari Sriwati Masmundari 1904 - 2005 Topeng dancer and damar kurung painter
Ignaz Semmelweis Ignaz Semmelweis 1818 - 1865 Discovering the cause of puerperal fever
Natasja Saad Natasja Saad 1974 - 2007 Singer and deejay
Abd al-Razzaq al-Dandashi Abd al-Razzaq al-Dandashi 1899 - 1935 Founder of League of Nationalist Action
Abd al-Halim Hafez Abd al-Halim Hafez 1929 - 1977 Singer and actor
Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali 1058 - 1111 Theologian, jurist, philosopher, Sufi master
Gregory XI Gregory XI 1329 - 1378 Pope and cardinal
Sayyid Qutb Sayyid Qutb 1906 - 1966 Author, educator, theorist, poet
Rimma Kazakova Rimma Kazakova 1932 - 2008 Estrada singer and comic actor
Wichit Srisa-an Wichit Srisa-an 1934 - 2023 Education Minister
Sidney Nolan Sidney Nolan 1917 - 1992 Urban landscape painter
Chou Wen chung Chou Wen chung 1923 - 2019 Composer of contemporary classical music
Andrzej Badenski Andrzej Badenski 1943 - 2008 400 metres runner
Christopher Robin Milne Christopher Robin Milne 1920 - 1996 Author and bookseller
Mohammad Hatta Mohammad Hatta 1902 - 1980 Statesman and nationalist
Adnan Pachachi Adnan Pachachi 1923 - 2019 Iraqi Foreign Minister and UN Representative
Jim Lawson Maduike Jim Lawson Maduike 1958 - 2021 Actor
Celine Arnauld Celine Arnauld 1885 - 1952 Poet
Ivan Zulueta Ivan Zulueta 1943 - 2009 Film director, designer, screenwriter, actor
Lucas Alaman Lucas Alaman 1792 - 1853 Conservative statesman and writer
Mitch Cronin Mitch Cronin 1992 - 2020 Rugby league player for Wynnum Manly Seagulls
Nidhi Eoseewong Nidhi Eoseewong 1940 - 2023 Historian, Writer, Political Commentator
Muhammad Anwar Khan Muhammad Anwar Khan 1915 - 2005 Engineer officer and engineer in chief of Army
Josefina Vicens Josefina Vicens 1911 - 1988 Novelist, journalist, and screenwriter
Ismael Shah Ismael Shah 1962 - 1992 Film actor
Pat Laffan Pat Laffan 1939 - 2019 Actor
Eduardo Coutinho Eduardo Coutinho 1933 - 2014 Film director and journalist
Elvira Popescu Elvira Popescu 1894 - 1993 Actress
Richard William Wright Richard William Wright 1943 - 2008 Keyboardist and co-founder of Pink Floyd
Riyad al-Rayyes Riyad al-Rayyes 1937 - 2020 journalist and publisher
Tomisaburo Wakayama Tomisaburo Wakayama 1929 - 1992 Playing Ogami Itto in the Lone Wolf
Prince George of Greece and Denmark Prince George of Greece and Denmark 1869 - 1957 High Commissioner of the Cretan State
Shigeo Shingo Shigeo Shingo 1909 - 1990 Industrial engineer and consultant
Chittajallu Pullayya Chittajallu Pullayya 1898 - 1967 Director and producer of Telugu cinema
Sessue Hayakawa Sessue Hayakawa 1886 - 1973 Silent film star and Academy Award nominee
Jacques Hamel Jacques Hamel 1930 - 2016 Catholic priest
Karl Friedrich Schinkel Karl Friedrich Schinkel 1781 - 1841 Architect and painter of Neoclassical
Emmanuelle Arsan Emmanuelle Arsan 1932 - 2005 Writer, Actress
Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl 1885 - 1955 Mathematics, physics, philosophy
Jan Kulczyk Jan Kulczyk 1950 - 2015 Founder and owner of Kulczyk Holding
Emil Baerentzen Emil Baerentzen 1799 - 1868 Painter
Tadeusz Boy-Zelenski Tadeusz Boy-Zelenski 1874 - 1941 Writer and translator of French literature
Waiphot Phetsuphan Waiphot Phetsuphan 1942 - 2022 Singer-songwriter, Producer
Thanu Padmanabhan Thanu Padmanabhan 1957 - 2021 Theoretical physicist and cosmologist
Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott 1821 - 1893 He was the first Canadian born prime minister
Gunhild Emanuelsen Gunhild Emanuelsen 1914 - 2006 Trade unionist and politician
Glauber Rocha Glauber Rocha 1939 - 1981 Film director and writer
Stefan Jaracz Stefan Jaracz 1883 - 1945 Theatre actor and producer
Ptolemy IX Soter Ptolemy IX Soter -143 - -81 King of Ptolemaic Egypt
Creat A Memorial Profile

Top 10 Died Influential People

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  • 1. Guangzong

    Died: 1200 A.D
    Slogan: To inherit the auspiciousness

    Guangzong was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo, who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu". His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong suffered from bipolar disorder or severe neurosis since his childhood, but he was reportedly filial to his father. He was crowned as the heir apparent in 1168 and succeeded his father in 1189. He named his reign "Shaoxi", meaning "to inherit the auspiciousness". He also renamed the city of Chongqing, meaning "double celebration", to commemorate his coronation and his father's abdication. Guangzong was influenced by his wife Empress Li Fengniang, who became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known as a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. Guangzong neglected his duties and indulged in drinking and pleasure. He also listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. He alienated his father and even refused to perform state funeral rites when the retired emperor died, which shocked the court. In 1194, Guangzong fell ill and became mentally unstable. He was unable to handle state affairs and was controlled by Empress Li and her brother Li Sheng. The court officials were dissatisfied with the situation and plotted to depose Guangzong. In 1195, they forced Guangzong to abdicate in favor of his eldest son Zhao Kuo, who became Emperor Ningzong. Guangzong was given the title of "Retired Emperor" and lived in seclusion until his death in 1200. He was buried in Yongchong Mausoleum in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

    Guangzong Profile

  • 2. Robert Gordon Menzies

    Died: 1978 A.D
    Slogan: It is better to be defeated on principle than to win on lies.

    Robert Menzies was a prominent Australian politician and lawyer who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia for a total of over 18 years, making him the longest-serving prime minister in Australian history. He held office twice, first from 1939 to 1941 and then from 1949 to 1966. He was also the leader of the United Australia Party (UAP) in his first term and the founder and leader of the Liberal Party of Australia in his second term. Menzies was born in Jeparit, Victoria, on 20 December 1894. He was the fourth of five children of James Menzies, a storekeeper and politician, and Kate Sampson, a miner's daughter. He attended various schools in Ballarat and Melbourne before graduating with first-class honours in law from the University of Melbourne in 1916. He became a barrister in 1918 and quickly established himself as one of the leading lawyers in Victoria. He was appointed a King's Counsel in 1929, the youngest in Victoria at the time. Menzies entered politics in 1928 as a member of the Nationalist Party, which later became the UAP. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council and then to the Legislative Assembly, serving as Attorney-General and Minister for Railways. In 1934, he resigned from state politics and won the federal seat of Kooyong as a UAP candidate. He became Attorney-General and Minister for Industry in Joseph Lyons' government and was also deputy leader of the UAP from 1935. He resigned from cabinet in 1939 over a dispute about national insurance. Menzies became prime minister in April 1939 after Lyons died in office and Earle Page served as caretaker for 18 days. He led Australia into World War II and spent four months in England in 1941 to participate in Winston Churchill's war cabinet. However, he faced opposition from his coalition partner, the Country Party, and from some members of his own party. He lost the confidence of his party and resigned as prime minister in August 1941. He was succeeded by Arthur Fadden, who lasted only 40 days before being replaced by John Curtin of the Labor Party. Menzies remained as leader of the UAP until 1943, when he lost his seat at the federal election. He then helped to create a new conservative party, the Liberal Party of Australia, which he became the inaugural leader of in August 1945. He led the opposition against Curtin's successor, Ben Chifley, until he won the federal election in December 1949. He formed a coalition government with the Country Party and returned as prime minister. Menzies' second term as prime minister lasted for over 16 years, during which he won seven consecutive elections. He presided over a period of economic growth, social stability, immigration expansion, higher education development, national security policies, and international alliances. He strengthened Australia's ties with Britain and the United States, supported the creation of NATO and SEATO, signed the ANZUS Treaty and the Colombo Plan, sent troops to Korea, Malaya, and Vietnam, recognised Israel and Japan as sovereign states, opposed communism and apartheid, promoted British Commonwealth cooperation, and supported constitutional reform. Menzies retired as prime minister in January 1966 at the age of 71. He was succeeded by Harold Holt, who drowned a year later. Menzies remained active in public life until his death in May 1978. He wrote several books, gave lectures, served as chancellor of the University of Melbourne, and was involved in various cultural and educational organisations. He was knighted in 1963 and received many honours and awards, both in Australia and abroad. He was widely regarded as one of the most influential and respected figures in Australian history. Menzies was married to Pattie Maie Leckie, a journalist and political activist, from 1920 until her death in 1978. They had three children: Kenneth, Ian, and Heather. Menzies was a devout Presbyterian and a keen sportsman. He enjoyed cricket, golf, tennis, chess, and bridge. He was also fond of literature, music, art, and history. He had a distinctive voice and a sharp wit, which he used to great effect in his speeches and debates. He was known for his loyalty to his friends and his principles, as well as his ambition and determination. He was nicknamed "Ming" by his supporters and "Pig Iron Bob" by his critics.

    Robert Gordon Menzies Profile

  • 3. Juan Martin Diez

    Died: 1825 A.D
    Slogan: I will die as I have lived: defending my country and my ideas.

    Juan Martín Díez was born in a peasant family in Castrillo de Duero, Valladolid, Spain on September 5, 1775. He had a passion for military affairs since his childhood and participated in the War of the Pyrenees against France when he was 18. He married María Antonia Santos Platero in 1796 and settled in Fuentecén, Burgos, where he worked as a farmer until the French invasion of Spain in 1808. He then organized a group of guerrillas composed of his friends and relatives to fight against the invaders. He earned the nickname El Empecinado (the Undaunted) for his courage and persistence. He fought in many battles and skirmishes along the Duero river basin and other provinces, harassing and defeating the French troops with his superior knowledge of the terrain and his unconventional tactics. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1809 and later to brigadier general in 1812. He also collaborated with the regular Spanish army and the British allies led by Wellington. He was a supporter of the liberal Constitution of 1812 and opposed the absolutist monarchy of Ferdinand VII, who abolished the constitution after his restoration in 1814. He joined the liberal uprising of 1820 and defended the constitutional regime against the royalist forces. He was captured by the royalists in 1823 and imprisoned in Pamplona. He was later transferred to Roa de Duero, where he was sentenced to death by hanging on August 20, 1825. He died with dignity and courage, refusing to ask for pardon or mercy. His body was buried in Burgos cemetery. He is regarded as one of the most prominent figures of the Spanish War of Independence and a hero of liberalism. His life inspired many writers, artists, and historians. His name is honored in many streets, squares, monuments, and institutions throughout Spain. His legacy lives on in the Spanish people's struggle for freedom and democracy.

    Juan Martin Diez Profile

  • 4. France Preseren

    Died: 1849 A.D
    Slogan: Love and wine I do not scorn, nor sweet company of the fair; but freedom's all I wish to share.

    France Prešeren was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, considered the greatest Slovene classical poet and has inspired later Slovene literature. He wrote the first Slovene ballad and the first Slovene epic. After his death, he became the leading name of the Slovene literary canon.

    France Preseren Profile

  • 5. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

    Died: 2004 A.D
    Slogan:

    Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan(born 1918, Abu Dhabi — died November 2, 2004) Known as the Father of the Nation for his role in forming the United Arab Emirates, the late H. H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan was the first President of the UAE. He served this position since the formation of the UAE on 2 December 1971 until he passed away in 2004. He also served as the Ruler of the emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004. Born in the city of Al Ain, Sheikh Zayed was the youngest of the four sons of H. H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Sheikh Zayed was a good listener and an unbiased dispute mediator. He was also renowned for his patience, vision and wisdom; qualities that earned him the title of ‘the wise man of the Arabs’. He ensured that all UAE citizens are instrumental to the nation's collective success. His vision led the UAE to be the GCC’s second biggest economy after KSA, the third largest in the Middle East and according to many prestigious international reports, the most important financial and economic centre in the region.

    Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Profile

  • 6. Albert Einstein

    Died: 1955 A.D
    Slogan: The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.

    Albert Einstein was one of the most influential and renowned physicists of the 20th century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, to a Jewish family. He showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, but had difficulty with the rigid schooling system. He moved to Switzerland in 1895 and enrolled in the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, where he met his first wife, Mileva Marić, a fellow physics student. He graduated in 1900 with a diploma in physics, but had trouble finding an academic position. He worked as a patent clerk in Bern from 1902 to 1909, while pursuing his own research in his spare time. In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence, which earned him the reputation of a scientific genius. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905, and became a lecturer at the University of Bern in 1908. He moved to Prague in 1911 as a full professor, and then returned to Zurich in 1912 as a professor of theoretical physics. In 1914, he accepted a prestigious position at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, where he worked until 1933. He also became a German citizen in 1914, but renounced it in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, and his contributions to theoretical physics. He developed the general theory of relativity, a more comprehensive theory of gravity, between 1907 and 1915, which was confirmed by the observation of the bending of light by the Sun during a solar eclipse in 1919. He also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, cosmology, statistical mechanics, and the unified field theory. He was a pacifist and a humanitarian, who advocated for social justice, civil rights, and nuclear disarmament. He was a supporter of the Zionist movement, and was offered the presidency of Israel in 1952, which he politely declined. He moved to the United States in 1933, where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He became an American citizen in 1940, and remained at Princeton until his death. He was involved in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb, but later regretted his role and warned of the dangers of nuclear weapons. He died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on April 18, 1955, at the age of 76, in Princeton Hospital. He left behind a legacy of scientific discoveries and insights that have shaped our understanding of the universe and inspired generations of scientists and thinkers.

    Albert Einstein Profile

  • 7. Nicolaus Copernicus

    Died: 1543 A.D
    Slogan: Mathematics is written for mathematicians.

    Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath who revolutionized astronomy by proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system. He also made contributions to mathematics, economics, medicine, and canon law. He studied at various universities in Poland and Italy, where he learned classical languages, mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He became a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter and a doctor of canon law. He also served as a diplomat, governor, and administrator for the church and the Polish king. He spent most of his life in Royal Prussia, a semi-autonomous region of the Kingdom of Poland. He wrote his magnum opus, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in which he presented his heliocentric theory, over several decades. He delayed publishing it until 1543, the year of his death, fearing the criticism and controversy it would provoke. His book was banned by the Catholic Church and condemned by Protestant theologians, but it also inspired many later astronomers and scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton, who built on his ideas and developed the modern scientific worldview. Copernicus is widely regarded as one of the greatest astronomers and one of the fathers of modern science.

    Nicolaus Copernicus Profile

  • 8. Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi

    Died: 1020 A.D
    Slogan: I suffered during these thirty years, but I have revived the Iranians with my poetry.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was born in 940 CE in a village near Tus, in the Khorasan region of Iran, which was then under the rule of the Samanid dynasty. He belonged to a wealthy family of dehqans, who were Iranian aristocrats and landowners that had preserved their status and culture after the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century. Ferdowsi was educated in Persian literature and history, as well as Arabic language and sciences. He married a woman from his own class and had a daughter with her. He devoted most of his adult life to composing his masterpiece, the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings), which is the national epic of Iran and one of the longest poems ever written by a single author. The Shahnameh is based on a prose work of the same name that was compiled in Ferdowsi's youth, which in turn was a translation of a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) work called Khvatay-namak, a history of the kings of Iran from mythical times to the Sassanid dynasty. Ferdowsi also added material from oral traditions, legends, and other sources to his poem, which covers more than 50,000 couplets and spans thousands of years of Iranian history and culture. Ferdowsi composed his poem for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were patrons of Persian literature and culture. However, during his lifetime, the Samanid dynasty was overthrown by the Ghaznavid Turks, who were less interested in Ferdowsi's work. Ferdowsi faced many hardships and disappointments in his life, such as the death of his son at a young age, the loss of his patrons and friends, the invasion of his homeland by foreign powers, and the neglect and betrayal of the rulers who commissioned his poem. He died in 1020 CE in Tus, in poverty and bitterness, but also with confidence in his lasting fame. He was buried in his own garden, but later a mausoleum was built over his grave by a Ghaznavid governor. His tomb became a revered site and a symbol of Iranian identity and pride. Ferdowsi is widely regarded as one of the greatest poets in world literature and one of the most influential figures in Iranian history and culture. His Shahnameh is a source of inspiration and identity for Iranians and other Persian-speaking peoples. It is also a valuable document of ancient Iranian myths, legends, history, language, religion, art, and values. Ferdowsi's style is characterized by its epic grandeur, lyrical beauty, moral wisdom, historical accuracy, and cultural richness. He is celebrated as a national hero and a guardian of Persian heritage by Iranians and other admirers around the world.

    Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Profile

  • 9. Agus Salim

    Died: 1954 A.D
    Slogan: The people's welfare is the highest law

    Agus Salim was born on 8 October 1884 in Koto Gadang, a village in North Sumatra. He was the eldest of nine children in a Batak Muslim family. He studied teaching at a school in Medan and then enrolled at a military academy in Bandung. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, but following the Japanese invasion in 1942, he joined the Defenders of the Homeland, a Japanese-sponsored militia. After the proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945, he enlisted in the fledgling Indonesian armed forces, and fought during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial forces. He rose to prominence as a charismatic and innovative leader, and in 1946, he was appointed commander of the Siliwangi Division, the guerrilla unit operating in West Java. He became known for his hit-and-run tactics, his loyalty to the republic, and his resistance to communist influence. He also developed the concept of territorial warfare, which involved mobilizing the local population to support the military effort. He was captured by the Dutch in 1949, but was released after the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty in 1950. He then became the chief of staff of the Indonesian Army, and later the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He was involved in several military and political conflicts, such as the Madiun Affair, the Darul Islam rebellion, the PRRI Permesta rebellion, the West New Guinea dispute, the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, and the 30 September Movement. He survived an assassination attempt during the latter, which was a failed coup attempt by a faction of the army led by communist sympathizers. He lost his position as the defense minister, but remained influential in the military and politics. He supported the rise of General Suharto, who took over the presidency from Sukarno in 1967. He became the speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, the highest legislative body in the country, and held the position until 1972. He retired from politics in 1978, and spent his later years writing books and giving lectures. He died of a heart attack on 4 November 1954 in Jakarta, and was buried with full military honors at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery. He is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian military and a national hero.

    Agus Salim Profile

  • 10. Nizar Qabbani

    Died: 1998 A.D
    Slogan: What is the difference between me and the sky?it is that when you laugh, I forget about the sky.

    Nizar Qabbani was a Syrian poet, writer, and publisher who is considered to be one of the most influential and popular poets in the Arab world. He was born in Damascus in 1923 to a middle-class merchant family and was the grandnephew of the pioneering Arab playwright Abu Khalil Qabbani. He studied law at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1945. He then joined the Syrian Foreign Ministry and served as a diplomat in several countries, including Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, Britain, China, and Spain. He resigned from his diplomatic career in 1966 and moved to Beirut, Lebanon, where he founded his own publishing company. He later lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and London, England, where he died in 1998. Qabbani's poetic style combines simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love, eroticism, feminism, religion, and Arab nationalism. He wrote more than 20 collections of poetry, some of which were set to music and sung by famous Arab singers. He also wrote prose, essays, and letters. He is known for his innovative use of free verse and his expression of the Arab woman's voice and perspective. He was influenced by the tragic death of his sister, who committed suicide rather than marry a man she did not love, and by the political and social upheavals in the Arab world, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Arab defeat in the 1967 war. He was a staunch critic of Arab regimes and leaders, and a supporter of democracy and human rights. He was also a lover of Arabic culture and language, and a defender of Arab identity and dignity. He received many awards and honors for his literary contributions, and is widely regarded as Syria's national poet.

    Nizar Qabbani Profile

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